Editing Chicken (section)

=== In culture, folklore, and religion ===

{{Anchor|Crowing|Cockadoodledoo|Cocka-doodle-doo}}

{{main|Cultural references to chickens}}

Chickens are featured widely in [[folklore]], [[religion]], [[literature]], and popular culture. The chicken is a sacred animal in many cultures and deeply embedded in belief systems and religious practices.<ref name="smithsonianmag.com">{{cite magazine |last1=Adler |first1=Jerry |last2=Lawler |first2=Andrew |date=June 2012 |title=How the Chicken Conquered the World |url=https://www.smithsonianmag.com/history/how-the-chicken-conquered-the-world-87583657/ |magazine=Smithsonian |access-date=May 24, 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121103193648/http://www.smithsonianmag.com/history-archaeology/How-the-Chicken-Conquered-the-World.html |archive-date=November 3, 2012 |url-status=live}}</ref>
Roosters are sometimes used for [[divination]], a practice called alectryomancy. This involves the sacrifice of a sacred rooster, often during a ritual [[cockfight]], used as a form of communication with the gods.<ref>{{cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=vvVPAAAAMAAJ&q=Alectryomancy+cockfight&pg=PA394 |title=Encyclopædia Perthensis; Or Universal Dictionary of the Arts, Sciences, Literature, &c. Intended to Supersede the Use of Other Books of Reference |publisher=John Brown |year=1816 |edition=2nd |volume=1 |page=394 |access-date=February 2, 2024 |archive-date=September 21, 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240921105802/https://books.google.com/books?id=vvVPAAAAMAAJ&q=Alectryomancy+cockfight&pg=PA394#v=snippet&q=Alectryomancy%20cockfight&f=false |url-status=live }}</ref> In [[Gabriel García Márquez]]'s Nobel-Prize-winning 1967 novel ''[[One Hundred Years of Solitude]]'', cockfighting is outlawed in the town of Macondo after the patriarch of the Buendia family murders his cockfighting rival and is haunted by the man's ghost.<ref>{{cite news |title=Love and Immolation in Argentina |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/archive/entertainment/books/1981/08/16/love-and-immolation-in-argentina/9cf0bdac-cfc3-4198-8824-d89d5e059c55/ |newspaper=[[Washington Post]] |date=August 16, 1981 |access-date=February 2, 2024 |archive-date=August 27, 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170827142619/https://www.washingtonpost.com/archive/entertainment/books/1981/08/16/love-and-immolation-in-argentina/9cf0bdac-cfc3-4198-8824-d89d5e059c55/ |url-status=live }}</ref> [[Chicken joke]]s have been made at least since ''[[The Knickerbocker]]'' published one in 1847.<ref>''The Knickerbocker, or The New York Monthly'', March 1847, p. 283.</ref> Chickens have been featured in art in farmyard scenes such as [[Adriaen van Utrecht]]'s 1646 ''Turkeys and Chickens'' and [[Walter Osborne]]'s 1885 ''Feeding the Chickens''.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Kellogg |first1=Diane M. |title=Chickens in Art History |url=https://www.paintingworldmag.com/post/chickens-in-art-history |publisher=Painting World Magazine |access-date=February 2, 2024 |date=May 22, 2020 |archive-date=February 2, 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240202161615/https://www.paintingworldmag.com/post/chickens-in-art-history |url-status=dead }}</ref> The [[nursery rhyme]] "[[Cock a doodle doo]]", its chorus line imitating the cockerel's call, was published in ''[[Mother Goose's Melody]]'' in 1765.<ref>{{cite book |last1=Opie |first1=Iona |last2=Opie |first2=Peter |title=The Oxford Dictionary of Nursery Rhymes |publisher=[[Oxford University Press]] |orig-year=1951 |edition=2nd |year=1997 |page=128}}</ref> 
The 2000 animated [[adventure film|adventure]] [[comedy film]] ''[[Chicken Run]]'', directed by [[Peter Lord]] and [[Nick Park]], featured [[Anthropomorphism|anthropomorphic]] chickens with many chicken jokes.<ref>{{cite magazine |last=Corliss |first=Richard |date=December 4, 2000 |title=Run, Chicken Run! |language=en-US |magazine=Time |url=https://content.time.com/time/world/article/0,8599,2047283,00.html |access-date=March 23, 2023 |issn=0040-781X |archive-date=January 24, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230124033415/https://content.time.com/time/world/article/0,8599,2047283,00.html |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://catalog.afi.com/Catalog/moviedetails/61096|title=AFI&#124;Catalog|access-date=August 17, 2018|archive-date=August 17, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180817060102/https://catalog.afi.com/Catalog/moviedetails/61096|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.sfgate.com/movies/amp/Chicken-Recipe-Simply-Divine-Action-comedy-3239861.php|title='Chicken' Recipe Simply Divine / Action comedy blends great story, animation |website=SFGate |date=June 21, 2000 |access-date=June 2, 2021 |archive-date=June 2, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210602214504/https://www.sfgate.com/movies/amp/Chicken-Recipe-Simply-Divine-Action-comedy-3239861.php |url-status=live}}</ref>

<gallery class=center mode=nolines widths=200 heights=180>
File:Terracotta askos (flask) in the form of a rooster MET DP252108 (cropped).jpg|[[Etruscan civilization|Etruscan]] askos in the form of a rooster, 4th century B.C.
File:Rooster and hen, Dong Ho picture, paper - Vietnam National Museum of Fine Arts - Hanoi, Vietnam - DSC05287.JPG|Rooster and hen, [[Đông Hồ painting|Đông Hồ folk woodcut]], Vietnam
File:Feeding the chickens, by Walter Frederick Osborne.jpg|''Feeding the chickens'' by [[Walter Osborne]], 1885
File:Joseph Crawhall - Spanish Cock And Snail.jpg|[[Joseph Crawhall III]], ''Spanish Cock and Snail'', c. 1900
File:Chicken Mask Bali.jpg|Wooden chicken mask, [[Bali]], late 20th century
File:Yoruba Cockfight.jpg|Carved and painted wooden tribal statue of a cock fight, [[Yoruba culture|Yoruba]], West Africa, c. 2000
File:France-001717 - Gallic Rooster (15030544244).jpg|Rooster sculpture, Bordeaux, France. The bird is a symbol of the country.<ref>{{cite web |title=Why is France's emblem a rooster? |url=https://www.ensemble-en-france.org/en/rooster-french-symbol/ |website=Ensemble en France |date=September 11, 2019 |access-date=16 March 2025}}</ref>
</gallery>