Editing Cardiac arrest (section)

=== Airway management ===
High levels of oxygen are generally given during CPR.<ref name="Neumar-2015" /> Either a [[bag valve mask]] or an [[advanced airway]] may be used to help with breathing particularly since vomiting and regurgitation are common, especially in OHCA.<ref name="Neumar-2015" /><ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Simons RW, Rea TD, Becker LJ, Eisenberg MS | title = The incidence and significance of emesis associated with out-of-hospital cardiac arrest | journal = Resuscitation | volume = 74 | issue = 3 | pages = 427–431 | date = September 2007 | pmid = 17433526 | doi = 10.1016/j.resuscitation.2007.01.038 }}</ref><ref>
{{cite journal | vauthors = Voss S, Rhys M, Coates D, Greenwood R, Nolan JP, Thomas M, Benger J | title = How do paramedics manage the airway during out of hospital cardiac arrest? | journal = Resuscitation | volume = 85 | issue = 12 | pages = 1662–1666 | date = December 2014 | pmid = 25260723 | pmc = 4265730 | doi = 10.1016/j.resuscitation.2014.09.008 | eissn = 1873-1570 }}</ref> If this occurs, then modification to existing oropharyngeal suction may be required, such as using [[Suction Assisted Laryngoscopy Airway Decontamination|suction-assisted airway management]].<ref>
{{cite journal | vauthors = Root CW, Mitchell OJ, Brown R, Evers CB, Boyle J, Griffin C, West FM, Gomm E, Miles E, McGuire B, Swaminathan A, St George J, Horowitz JM, DuCanto J | display-authors = 6 | title = Suction Assisted Laryngoscopy and Airway Decontamination (SALAD): A technique for improved emergency airway management | journal = Resuscitation Plus | volume = 1-2 | pages = 100005 | date = 2020-03-01 | pmid = 34223292 | pmc = 8244406 | doi = 10.1016/j.resplu.2020.100005 | doi-access = free }}</ref>

[[Tracheal intubation]] has not been found to improve survival rates or neurological outcomes in cardiac arrest,<ref name="Mutchner-2007">{{cite journal | vauthors = Mutchner L | title = The ABCs of CPR--again | journal = The American Journal of Nursing | volume = 107 | issue = 1 | pages = 60–9; quiz 69–70 | date = January 2007 | pmid = 17200636 | doi = 10.1097/00000446-200701000-00024 }}</ref><ref name="White-2018">{{cite journal | vauthors = White L, Melhuish T, Holyoak R, Ryan T, Kempton H, Vlok R | title = Advanced airway management in out of hospital cardiac arrest: A systematic review and meta-analysis | journal = The American Journal of Emergency Medicine | volume = 36 | issue = 12 | pages = 2298–2306 | date = December 2018 | pmid = 30293843 | doi = 10.1016/j.ajem.2018.09.045 | s2cid = 52931036 | url = https://espace.library.uq.edu.au/view/UQ:4f65350/UQ4f65350_OA.pdf }}</ref> and in the prehospital environment, may worsen it.<ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Studnek JR, Thestrup L, Vandeventer S, Ward SR, Staley K, Garvey L, Blackwell T | title = The association between prehospital endotracheal intubation attempts and survival to hospital discharge among out-of-hospital cardiac arrest patients | journal = Academic Emergency Medicine | volume = 17 | issue = 9 | pages = 918–925 | date = September 2010 | pmid = 20836771 | doi = 10.1111/j.1553-2712.2010.00827.x | doi-access = free }}</ref> Endotracheal tubes and [[supraglottic airway]]s appear equally useful.<ref name="White-2018" />

Mouth-to-mouth as a means of providing respirations to the person has been phased out due to the risk of contracting infectious diseases from the affected person.<ref>{{cite journal |vauthors=Hallstrom A, Cobb L, Johnson E, Copass M |date=May 2000 |title=Cardiopulmonary resuscitation by chest compression alone or with mouth-to-mouth ventilation |journal=The New England Journal of Medicine |volume=342 |issue=21 |pages=1546–1553 |doi=10.1056/NEJM200005253422101 |pmid=10824072 |doi-access=free}}</ref>

When done by emergency medical personnel, 30 compressions followed by two breaths appear to be better than continuous chest compressions and breaths being given while compressions are ongoing.<ref name="Zhan-2017" /> For bystanders, CPR that involves only chest compressions results in better outcomes as compared to standard CPR for those who have gone into cardiac arrest due to heart issues.<ref name="Zhan-2017">{{cite journal | vauthors = Zhan L, Yang LJ, Huang Y, He Q, Liu GJ | title = Continuous chest compression versus interrupted chest compression for cardiopulmonary resuscitation of non-asphyxial out-of-hospital cardiac arrest | journal = The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews | volume = 3 | issue = 12 | pages = CD010134 | date = March 2017 | pmid = 28349529 | pmc = 6464160 | doi = 10.1002/14651858.CD010134.pub2 }}</ref>