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===Slalom and wildwater=== {{Main|Canoe slalom|Wildwater canoeing}} [[File:Dickerson-C1a.jpg|thumb|left|Whitewater slalom canoe]] In ICF [[whitewater slalom]], paddlers negotiate their way down {{convert|300|m|abbr=on}} of [[whitewater]] [[rapids]] through a series of up to 25 gates (pairs of hanging poles). The colour of the poles indicates the direction in which the paddlers must pass through; time penalties are assessed for striking poles or missing gates. Categories are C1 (solo) and C2 (tandem), the latter for two men, and C2M (mixed) for one woman and one man.<ref>{{cite web|title=About Canoe Slalom|url=http://canoeicf.com/icf/Aboutoursport/Canoe-Slalom/More-on-Canoe-Slalom.html|publisher=International Canoe Federation|access-date=22 November 2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121107021327/http://canoeicf.com/icf/Aboutoursport/Canoe-Slalom/More-on-Canoe-Slalom.html|archive-date=7 November 2012|url-status=dead}}</ref> C1 boats must have a minimum weight and width of {{convert|10|kg|abbr=on}} and {{convert|0.65|m|abbr=on}} and be not more than {{convert|3.5|m|abbr=on}} long. C2s must have a minimum weight and width of {{convert|15|kg|abbr=on}} and {{convert|0.75|m|abbr=on}}, and be not more than {{convert|4.1|m|abbr=on}}. Rudders are prohibited. Canoes are decked and propelled by single-bladed paddles, and the competitor must kneel.<ref>{{cite web|title=Rules for Canoe Slalom|url=http://www.canoeicf.com/dms/icf/documents/Rules-and-Statutes/2011-Rules/ICF-Canoe-Slalom-Rules-2011/ICF%20Canoe%20Slalom%202011.pdf|publisher=International Canoe Federation|access-date=22 November 2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120320083528/http://www.canoeicf.com/dms/icf/documents/Rules-and-Statutes/2011-Rules/ICF-Canoe-Slalom-Rules-2011/ICF%20Canoe%20Slalom%202011.pdf|archive-date=20 March 2012|url-status=dead}}</ref> In ICF [[wildwater canoeing]], athletes paddle a course of class III to IV whitewater (using the [[International Scale of River Difficulty]]), passing over waves, holes and rocks of a natural riverbed in events lasting either 20β30 minutes ("Classic" races) or 2β3 minutes ("Sprint" races). Categories are C1 and C2 for both women and men. C1s must have a minimum weight and width of {{convert|12|kg|abbr=on}} and {{convert|0.7|m|abbr=on}}, and a maximum length of {{convert|4.3|m|abbr=on}}. C2s must have a minimum weight and width of {{convert|18|kg|abbr=on}} and {{convert|0.8|m}}, and a maximum length of {{convert|5|m}}. Rudders are prohibited. The canoes are decked boats which must be propelled by single bladed paddles, with the paddler kneeling inside.<ref>{{cite web|title=Wildwater Competition rules 2011|url=http://www.canoeicf.com/dms/icf/documents/Rules-and-Statutes/2011-Rules/ICF-Wildwater-Canoeing-Rules-2011/Wildwater%20Canoeing%20Rules%202011.pdf|publisher=International Canoe Federation|access-date=22 November 2012}}{{Dead link|date=November 2023 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref>
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