Editing Barbara Bush (section)

==Legacy==
[[File:Five U.S. first ladies in 2013 crop.jpg|thumb|Barbara Bush (second from right) joins [[Michelle Obama]], [[Laura Bush]], [[Hillary Clinton]], and [[Rosalynn Carter]] at the opening of the [[George W. Bush Presidential Center]] in [[Dallas]], April 2013.|alt=Five first ladies stand in a row]]
Bush was generally popular as First Lady.{{Sfn|Page|2019|loc=Chapter 12}}{{Sfn|Schneider|Schneider|2010|p=336}}{{Sfn|Caroli|2010|p=292}} On average, she received about 100,000 letters each year during her tenure, far more than she expected.{{Sfn|Gutin|2008|p=60}} Her image as an easy going woman and a good mother was widely accepted by the American people, as was her determination to remain apolitical on policy issues.{{Sfn|Carlin|2016|p=623}} This generally affable image of Bush prompted biographer [[Susan Page]] to describe her as "the most underestimated First Lady of modern times".{{Sfn|Page|2019|loc=Introduction}} Where Bush did have critics, they argued that her image as a domestic housewife conflicted with advances made in women's rights.{{Sfn|Schneider|Schneider|2010|p=336}} She did not meaningfully alter the role of First Lady,{{Sfn|Caroli|2010|p=292}} and she did not exert significant influence over the White House's social events, instead continuing the practices established by Nancy Reagan.{{Sfn|Anthony|1990|p=242}} At the time of her death, two of her sons and one of her grandsons had held political office. Because of this, Bush has been described as the "matriarch" of a political dynasty. She rejected the idea of a Bush dynasty, believing that it encouraged a sense of entitlement.{{Sfn|Page|2019|loc=Chapter 20}}

Bush has been contrasted with her predecessor, Nancy Reagan, in the context of image and style. Reagan was known for her fashion sense and her small figure, while Bush was recognized for her white hair and her simpler fashion.{{Sfn|Feinberg|1998|p=41}}{{Sfn|Gutin|2008|pp=34–35}} Bush was especially known for her three-strand fake pearl necklace, which became popular among American women.{{Sfn|Kilian|2002|p=139}} She described the positive reception that she received from elderly women who saw themselves in her, and she described herself as a "role model for fat ladies".{{Sfn|Beasley|2005|p=187}} When contrasted with her successor, Hillary Clinton, Bush has been differentiated by her lifestyle. Clinton was criticized for the level of independence she maintained from her husband throughout her life, while Bush was criticized for a lack of independence from hers.{{Sfn|Feinberg|1998|p=12}} When comparing herself to previous first ladies, Bush likened herself to Eleanor Roosevelt and [[Bess Truman]].{{Sfn|Page|2019|loc=Chapter 11}} Bush was the last First Lady to be raised prior to the onset of [[second-wave feminism]], which allowed subsequent first ladies more freedom to seek an education and a career.{{Sfn|Caroli|2010|p=293}}

Bush's social projects and initiatives were taken up by her children. Jeb and George both emphasized education in their political careers, while Jeb and Dorothy took control of the Barbara Bush Literacy Foundation in 2014.{{Sfn|Page|2019|loc=Chapter 12}} George also cited his mother's influence when he enacted the [[PEPFAR]] initiative while president, which supported millions of AIDS patients in Africa.{{Sfn|Page|2019|loc=Chapter 13}} Her granddaughter [[Barbara Bush (born 1981)|Barbara Pierce Bush]] co-founded [[Global Health Corps]], which prioritizes AIDS relief as one of its primary goals.{{Sfn|Page|2019|loc=Chapter 13}} Bush's personal papers, including her diaries and letters, are not scheduled to be publicly released until 35 years after her death, in 2053.{{Sfn|Page|2019|loc=Introduction}} In 2021, while speaking at the Barbara Bush Foundation for Family Literacy's National Summit, First Lady [[Jill Biden]] said she considers Bush to be one of her role models and a First Lady she hoped to emulate in her own role.<ref name="Biden-Bush" />

=== Awards and honors ===
[[File:BarbaraBushESHouston.jpg|thumb|Barbara Bush Elementary School in [[Parkway Villages, Houston|Parkway Villages]], Houston|alt=A school building with "Barbara Pierce Bush Elementary School: Exemplary School" lettered on the wall]]
<!--Barbara Bush Elementary School" and derivative titles redirect here, so please keep the schools in the article-->
In 1995, Bush received the Award for Greatest Public Service Benefiting the Disadvantaged, an award given out annually by the [[Jefferson Awards for Public Service|Jefferson Awards Foundation]].<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.jeffersonawards.org/past%20winners/ |title=Past Winners |publisher=Jefferson Awards Foundation |access-date=April 18, 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170511164857/http://www.jeffersonawards.org/past%20winners/ |archive-date=May 11, 2017 |url-status=dead }}</ref> In 1997, she was the recipient of The Miss America Woman of Achievement Award for her work with [[literacy]] programs.<ref>{{cite web|title=Live presentation of the 77th annual Miss America Pageant |publisher=Turner Classic Movies |year=1997 |url=http://www.tcm.com/tcmdb/title/458762/77th-Annual-Miss-America-Pageant-The/ |access-date=January 7, 2014 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090303162751/http://www.tcm.com/tcmdb/title/458762/77th-Annual-Miss-America-Pageant-The/%23 |archive-date=March 3, 2009}}</ref> The same year, she received the Golden Plate Award of the [[Academy of Achievement|American Academy of Achievement]].<ref>{{cite web|title=Golden Plate Awardees of the American Academy of Achievement|website=Achievement.org|publisher=[[American Academy of Achievement]]|url=https://achievement.org/our-history/golden-plate-awards/#public-service|access-date=September 10, 2020|archive-date=March 26, 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230326032022/https://achievement.org/our-history/golden-plate-awards/#public-service|url-status=live}}</ref> In 2016, she received honorary membership in [[Phi Beta Kappa]] from the [[University of Houston]] chapter.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.pbk.org/web/PBK_Member/Pressroom/Press_Releases/University_of_Houston.aspx |title=University of Houston |publisher=The Phi Beta Kappa Society |date=March 4, 2016 |access-date=April 18, 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180418161911/https://www.pbk.org/web/PBK_Member/Pressroom/Press_Releases/University_of_Houston.aspx |archive-date=April 18, 2018 |url-status=dead }}</ref>

{{anchor|Barbara Bush Elementary School}}Multiple schools are named after Barbara Bush. Schools have been named Barbara Bush Elementary School in [[Houston]]; [[Grand Prairie, Texas]]; and [[Mesa, Arizona]]. Schools have been named Barbara Bush Middle School in [[San Antonio]] and [[Irving, Texas]].<ref name="FL bio"/> The Barbara Bush Children's Hospital at Maine Medical Center in [[Portland, Maine]], was also named in her honor. Of the places that were given her name, she said that she was most proud of the "Literacy Plaza" that was under construction in Houston at the time of her death that would connect city hall with the neighboring library.{{Sfn|Page|2019|loc=Chapter 12}}

==== Honorary degrees ====
Barbara Bush received [[honorary degree]]s from many institutions. These include:

{| class="wikitable sortable"
|-
! Date
! School
! State
! Degree
|-
| {{Dts|1972}} || [[Arcadia University]] || PA || [[Doctor of Laws]] (LLD)<ref name="RLAWH">{{cite book |last=Bush |first=Barbara |url=https://archive.org/details/reflections00barb/page/395 |title=Reflections : life after the White House |date=2005 |publisher=Simon & Schuster International |isbn=978-0-7432-5582-0 |edition=1st Lisa Drew/Scribner trade pbk. |location=New York |pages=[https://archive.org/details/reflections00barb/page/395 395–396 (appendix B)] |url-access=registration}}</ref>
|-
| {{Dts|1981}} || [[Mount Vernon Seminary and College]] || DC || [[Doctor of Public Service]]<ref name="RLAWH"/>
|-
| {{Dts|1981|5}} || [[Cardinal Stritch College]] || WI || Doctor of Laws (LLD)<ref name="RLAWH"/><ref name="Stritch2011">{{cite news |title=Stritch Magazine |page=4 |publisher=[[Cardinal Stritch University]] |issue=Fall/Winter 2011 |url=http://www.stritch.edu/getmedia/c9425246-51d3-4b08-8726-4eee45a82406/Fall-Winter-2011?ext=.pdf |url-status=dead |access-date=April 18, 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180418230011/http://www.stritch.edu/getmedia/c9425246-51d3-4b08-8726-4eee45a82406/Fall-Winter-2011?ext=.pdf |archive-date=April 18, 2018}}</ref>
|-
| {{Dts|1987|5|10}} || [[Howard University]] || DC || [[Doctor of Humane Letters|Doctor of Humanities]] (DH)<ref>{{cite web |title=Recipients of honorary degrees and other university honors (by year) |url=https://www.howard.edu/secretary/convocations/recipients-year.htm |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190428144954/https://howard.edu/secretary/convocations/recipients-year.htm |archive-date=April 28, 2019 |access-date=April 18, 2018 |publisher=[[Howard University]]}}</ref><ref name="NYT19870510">{{cite news |date=May 10, 1987 |title=COMMENCEMENTS: Howard University |language=en |page=1001029 |work=[[The New York Times]] |location=National |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1987/05/10/nyregion/commencements-howard-university.html |access-date=April 18, 2018 |archive-date=April 4, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230404171807/https://www.nytimes.com/1987/05/10/nyregion/commencements-howard-university.html |url-status=live }}</ref>
|-
| {{Dts|1988}} || [[Judson College (Alabama)|Judson College]] || AL || [[Doctor of Humane Letters]] (DHL)<ref name="RLAWH"/>
|-
| {{Dts|1989|5|14}} || [[Bennett College]] || NC || Doctor of Humane Letters (DHL)<ref name="RLAWH"/><ref name="UPI19890514">{{cite web |last=Donahue |first=Terry |date=May 14, 1989 |title=Barbara Bush receives Doctor of Humane Letters degree |url=https://www.upi.com/Archives/1989/05/14/Barbara-Bush-receives-Doctor-of-Humane-Letters-degree/3679611121600/ |access-date=April 18, 2018 |website=UPI |language=en |archive-date=October 4, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221004135204/https://www.upi.com/Archives/1989/05/14/Barbara-Bush-receives-Doctor-of-Humane-Letters-degree/3679611121600/ |url-status=live }}</ref>
|-
| {{Dts|1989|5|21}} || [[Boston University]] || MA || Doctor of Humane Letters (DHL)<ref name="RLAWH"/>
|-
| {{Dts|1989|10|6}} || [[Morehouse School of Medicine]] || GA || Doctor of Humane Letters (DHL)<ref name="RLAWH"/><ref name="WP19891010">{{cite news |last=Radcliffe |first=Donnie |date=October 10, 1989 |title=The presidential portrait that was a bust |newspaper=The Washington Post |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/archive/lifestyle/1989/10/10/the-presidential-portrait-that-was-a-bust/a97ad56d-7175-4d05-8ad9-29a19a1f1899/ |access-date=April 18, 2018 |archive-date=June 19, 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180619085850/https://www.washingtonpost.com/archive/lifestyle/1989/10/10/the-presidential-portrait-that-was-a-bust/a97ad56d-7175-4d05-8ad9-29a19a1f1899/ |url-status=live }}</ref>
|-
| {{Dts|1989|9|6}} || [[Smith College]] || MA || Doctor of Humane Letters (DHL)<ref>{{cite web |title=Honorary Degrees |url=https://www.smith.edu/about-smith/smith-history/honorary-degrees |access-date=April 18, 2018 |publisher=Smith College |archive-date=August 14, 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160814003123/https://www.smith.edu/about-smith/smith-history/honorary-degrees |url-status=live }}</ref><ref name="ChiTrib1989">{{cite web |last=Kilian |first=Michael |author-link=Michael Kilian |date=September 10, 1989 |title=America's leading (and most-admired) college dropout-First... |url=https://www.chicagotribune.com/1989/09/10/americas-leading-and-most-admired-college-dropout-first-lady/ |access-date=April 18, 2018 |website=[[Chicago Tribune]] |language=en |archive-date=July 7, 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180707183130/http://articles.chicagotribune.com/1989-09-10/features/8901120139_1_white-house-mrs-bush-watermelon-juice |url-status=live }}</ref>
|-
| {{Dts|1990}} || [[University of Pennsylvania]] || PA || Doctor of Laws (LLD)<ref>{{cite web |title=Alphabetical Listing of Honorary Degrees |url=https://secure.www.upenn.edu/secretary/hondegalph.html#B |access-date=April 18, 2018 |publisher=[[University of Pennsylvania]] |archive-date=February 7, 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180207005106/https://secure.www.upenn.edu/secretary/hondegalph.html#B |url-status=dead }}</ref>
|-
| {{Dts|1990|5}} || [[University of South Carolina]] || SC || Doctor of Education<ref name="RLAWH"/><ref name="UnivSoCar20141125">{{cite web |last=Sexton |first=Megan |date=November 25, 2014 |title=Jeb Bush to speak at commencement |url=http://www.sc.edu/uofsc/posts/2014/11_jeb_bush_commencement.php |access-date=April 18, 2018 |publisher=[[University of South Carolina]] |language=en |archive-date=April 4, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230404191651/https://sc.edu/uofsc/posts/2014/11_jeb_bush_commencement.php |url-status=live }}</ref>
|-
| {{Dts|1990|5|19}} || [[Saint Louis University]] || MO || Doctor of Humane Letters (DHL)<ref>{{cite web |date=May 20, 1990 |title=First lady gets honorary degree |url=https://www.deseretnews.com/article/103216/FIRST-LADY-GETS-HONORARY-DEGREE.html |access-date=April 18, 2018 |work=Deseret News |archive-date=April 16, 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180416200608/https://www.deseretnews.com/article/103216/FIRST-LADY-GETS-HONORARY-DEGREE.html |url-status=dead }}</ref>
|-
| {{Dts|1991}} || [[South Carolina State College]] || SC || Doctor of Humane Letters (DHL)<ref name="RLAWH"/>
|-
| {{Dts|1991}} || [[University of Michigan]] || MI || Doctor of Laws (LLD)<ref>{{cite web |title=Honorary Degrees Awarded 1836-Present |url=https://president.umich.edu/wp-content/uploads/sites/3/2018/01/Honorary-Degrees-1836-Present.pdf |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230622222026/https://president.umich.edu/wp-content/uploads/sites/3/2018/01/Honorary-Degrees-1836-Present.pdf |archive-date=June 22, 2023 |access-date=April 18, 2018 |publisher=[[University of Michigan]]}}</ref>
|-
| {{Dts|1991|6|15}} || [[Northeastern University]] || MA || Doctor of Public Service<ref name="CNN20170120">{{cite news |date=January 20, 2017 |title=Photos: The life of former first lady Barbara Bush |publisher=CNN |url=https://www.cnn.com/2017/01/20/politics/gallery/barbara-bush/index.html |access-date=April 18, 2018 |archive-date=June 5, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230605045818/https://www.cnn.com/2017/01/20/politics/gallery/barbara-bush/index.html |url-status=live }}</ref>
|-
| {{Dts|1992|5|17}} || [[Marquette University]] || WI || Doctor of Laws (LLD)<ref name="UPI19920517">{{cite news |last=Bickler |first=Jeanne |date=May 17, 1992 |title=Barbara Bush speaks to grads about family values |language=en |work=[[UPI]] |url=https://www.upi.com/Archives/1992/05/17/Barbara-Bush-speaks-to-grads-about-family-values/2302706075200/ |access-date=April 18, 2018 |archive-date=October 4, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221004142222/https://www.upi.com/Archives/1992/05/17/Barbara-Bush-speaks-to-grads-about-family-values/2302706075200/ |url-status=live }}</ref>
|-
| {{Dts|1992}} || [[Central State University]] || OH || Doctor of Humane Letters (DHL)<ref name="RLAWH"/>
|-
| {{Dts|1992}} || [[Louisiana State University]] || LA || Doctor of Humane Letters (DHL)<ref name="RLAWH"/>
|-
| {{Dts|1992}} || [[Pepperdine University]] || CA || Doctor of Laws (LLD)<ref name="RLAWH"/>
|-
| {{Dts|1997}} || [[Hood College]] || MD || Doctor of Humane Letters (DHL)<ref name="RLAWH"/>
|-
| {{Dts|1997|4|18}} || [[Hofstra University]] || NY || Doctor of Humane Letters<ref name="CSPAN19970418">{{cite web |date=April 18, 1997 |title=Academic Convocation, Apr 18 1997 {{!}} Video |url=https://www.c-span.org/video/?80508-1/academic-convocation |access-date=April 18, 2018 |publisher=[[C-SPAN]] |at=0:12:00 |archive-date=April 4, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230404060154/https://www.c-span.org/video/?80508-1/academic-convocation |url-status=live }}</ref>
|-
| {{Dts|1998}} || [[Austin College]] || TX || Doctor of Humane Letters (DHL)<ref name="RLAWH"/>
|-
| {{Dts|1998}} || [[University of Miami]] || FL || Doctor of Humanities (DH)<ref name="RLAWH"/>
|-
| {{Dts|1999}} || [[Washington College]] || MD || Doctor of Public Service<ref name="RLAWH"/>
|-
| {{Dts|2000}} || [[Centenary College of Louisiana|Centenary College]] || LA || Doctor of Laws (LLD)<ref name="RLAWH"/>
|-
| {{Dts|2001|5|21}} || [[Wake Forest University]] || NC || Doctor of Humanities<ref name="WFU2001">{{cite web |title=2001 - Commencement News |url=https://commencement.news.wfu.edu/2000s/c2001/ |access-date=April 18, 2018 |website=Commencement News |publisher=[[Wake Forest University]] |archive-date=June 6, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230606122925/https://commencement.news.wfu.edu/2000s/c2001/ |url-status=live }}</ref>
|-
| {{Dts|2002|3|11}} || [[Baylor University]] || TX || Doctor of Humane Letters (DHL)<ref>{{cite web |date=March 12, 2002 |title=Baylor Honors Barbara Bush With Honorary Doctorate &#124; Media Communications |url=https://www.baylor.edu/mediacommunications/news.php?action=story&story=3964 |access-date=April 18, 2018 |publisher=Baylor University |archive-date=December 3, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221203195526/https://www.baylor.edu/mediacommunications/news.php?action=story&story=3964 |url-status=live }}</ref>
|-
| {{Dts|2003|6|7}} || [[University of New England College of Osteopathic Medicine|University of New England<br/>College of Osteopathic Medicine]] || ME || Doctor of Humane Letters (LHD)<ref name="PDH20030607">{{cite news |date=June 7, 2003 |title=Barbara Bush Receives Honorary Degree |work=[[Plainview Daily Herald]] |agency=[[Associated Press]] |url=https://www.myplainview.com/news/article/Barbara-Bush-Receives-Honorary-Degree-8893444.php |access-date=April 18, 2018 |archive-date=April 4, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230404081640/https://www.myplainview.com/news/article/Barbara-Bush-Receives-Honorary-Degree-8893444.php |url-status=live }}</ref>
|-
| {{Dts|2005|12|16}} || [[Texas A&M University]] || TX || Doctor of Humane Letters<ref>{{cite web |date=December 16, 2005 |title=Minutes of the Board of Regents of Texas A&M University |url=https://assets.system.tamus.edu/files/bor/pdf/Minutes/Regular/2005/2005-10-27-28.pdf |access-date=December 6, 2018 |publisher=[[Texas A&M University]] |archive-date=October 23, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201023210350/https://assets.system.tamus.edu/files/bor/pdf/Minutes/Regular/2005/2005-10-27-28.pdf |url-status=live }}</ref>
|-
| {{Dts|2006|5|21}} || [[George Washington University]] || DC || Doctor of Public Service<ref name="GWU20051206">{{cite web |date=December 6, 2005 |title=Commencement 2006 |url=https://www2.gwu.edu/~bygeorge/dec05/grad.html |access-date=April 18, 2018 |publisher=[[George Washington University]] |archive-date=April 4, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230404060154/https://www2.gwu.edu/~bygeorge/dec05/grad.html |url-status=live }}</ref>
|-
| {{Dts|2010|5|15}} || [[Sewanee: The University of the South]] || TN || [[Doctor of Civil Law]] (DCL)<ref>{{cite web |last=Mercer |first=Monica |date=May 16, 2010 |title=Sewanee honors Bush, Meacham |url=http://www.timesfreepress.com/news/news/story/2010/may/16/sewanee-honors-bush-meacham/16858/ |access-date=April 22, 2018 |work=Times Free Press |archive-date=June 14, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210614141854/https://www.timesfreepress.com/news/news/story/2010/may/16/sewanee-honors-bush-meacham/16858/ |url-status=live }}</ref>
|}

=== Historical assessments ===
Since 1982 [[Siena College Research Institute]] has conducted occasional surveys asking historians to assess American first ladies according to a cumulative score on the independent criteria of their background, value to the country, intelligence, courage, accomplishments, integrity, leadership, being their own women, public image, and value to the president.<ref name="Siena2014">{{cite web |date=February 15, 2014 |title=Eleanor Roosevelt retains top spot as America's best first lady |url=https://scri.siena.edu/wp-content/uploads/2018/08/FirstLadies2014Release_Final.pdf |access-date=16 May 2022 |website=scri.siena.edu |publisher=Siena Research Institute |pages=2–3 |archive-date=December 22, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211222164549/https://scri.siena.edu/wp-content/uploads/2018/08/FirstLadies2014Release_Final.pdf |url-status=live }}</ref> In terms of cumulative assessment, Bush has been ranked:
*7th-best of 37 in 1993<ref name="2008Siena">{{cite web |date=December 18, 2008 |title=Ranking America's first ladies |url=https://scri.siena.edu/wp-content/uploads/2018/08/FL_2008Release.pdf |access-date=16 May 2022 |publisher=Siena Research Institute |page=4 |archive-date=March 27, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230327132048/https://scri.siena.edu/wp-content/uploads/2018/08/FL_2008Release.pdf |url-status=live }}</ref>
*15th-best of 38 in 2003<ref name="2008Siena"/>
*12th-best of 38 in 2008<ref name="2008Siena"/>
*11th-best of 39 in 2014<ref name="2014Sienna1">{{cite web |date=2014 |title=Siena College Research Institute/C-SPAN Study of the First Ladies of the United States 2014 |url=https://scri.siena.edu/wp-content/uploads/2018/08/Appendix_A_Overall_Survey_Results.pdf |access-date=21 October 2022 |website=scri.siena.edu |publisher=Sienna College Research Institute/C-SPAN |archive-date=October 10, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221010195939/https://scri.siena.edu/wp-content/uploads/2018/08/Appendix_A_Overall_Survey_Results.pdf |url-status=live }}</ref>

In the 2003 survey, Bush was ranked the 5th-highest in the criteria of public image.<ref>{{cite web |date=September 29, 2003 |title=Ranking America's First Ladies |url=https://scri.siena.edu/wp-content/uploads/2018/08/ranking20americas20first20ladies.pdf |access-date=23 October 2022 |website=scri.siena.edu |publisher=Sienna College Research Center |page=6 |archive-date=December 8, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221208161720/https://scri.siena.edu/wp-content/uploads/2018/08/ranking20americas20first20ladies.pdf |url-status=live }}</ref> In the 2008 Siena Research Institute survey, Bush was ranked the 9th-best of the twenty 20th and 21st century First Ladies.<ref name="2008Siena"/> In the 2014 survey, Bush and her husband were ranked the 21st-highest out of 39 first couples in terms of being a "power couple".<ref>{{cite web |title=2014 Power Couple Score |url=https://scri.siena.edu/wp-content/uploads/2018/08/Appendix_C_Power_Couples.pdf |website=scri.siena.edu |publisher=Siena Research Institute/C-SPAN Study of the First Ladies of the United States |access-date=9 October 2022 |archive-date=October 9, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221009201711/https://scri.siena.edu/wp-content/uploads/2018/08/Appendix_C_Power_Couples.pdf |url-status=live }}</ref> In the 2014 survey, historians ranked Bush 5th among 20th and 21st century American first ladies that they felt "could have done more".<ref name="Siena2014"/>