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== Notes == <!-- ALL REFERENCES are listed here in alphabetical order so as to avoid cluttering up the text of the article. Use {{r|refname}} to insert a note in the text to the citation. Use {{r|refname|p=#}} to specify a page number. This will display as "[9]:12" Use {{r|refname|p=#, #}} or {{r|refname|p=#–#}}to specify a range page number(s). This will display as "[9]:12, 14" or "[9]:12–14", respectively See the Talk page for more information on list-defined references. Thanks! --> {{Reflist|30em|refs= <ref name=Atlakvitha>{{Cite web |title=Atlakvitha en Grönlenzka|trans-title=The Greenland Lay of Atli |url=http://www.sacred-texts.com/neu/poe/poe34.htm |work=The Poetic Edda |publisher=Internet Sacred Text Archive |access-date=20 May 2014 |translator=Bellows, Henry Adams |translator-link=Henry Adams Bellows (businessman) |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140409212740/http://sacred-texts.com/neu/poe/poe34.htm |archive-date=9 April 2014 |year=1936 |url-status=live}}</ref> <ref name=Babcock>{{Cite book |last=Babcock |first=Michael A. |title=The Night Attila Died: Solving the Murder of Attila the Hun |year= 2005 |publisher=[[Berkley Books]] |isbn=978-0-425-20272-2 |url=https://archive.org/details/nightattiladieds00babc }}</ref> <ref name=Bakker>{{Cite web |last=Bakker |first=Marco |title=Attila the Hun |url=http://www.reportret.info/gallery/attilathehun1.html |work=Gallery of reconstructed portraits |publisher=Reportret |access-date=9 March 2013}}</ref><!-- archive unavailable --> <ref name=Biliarsky>{{Cite book |last=Biliarsky |first=Ivan |date=2013 |title=The Tale of the Prophet Isaiah: The Destiny and Meanings of an Apocryphal Text |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=mbevAAAAQBAJ |publisher=Brill |pages=255–257 |isbn=978-90-04-25438-1}}</ref> <ref name=Bona>{{Cite book |last=Bóna |first=István |title=Les Huns: le grand empire barbare d'Europe (IVe–Ve siècles) |trans-title=The Huns: The Great Empire of Barbaric Europe IVth–Vth Century |date=8 April 2002 |publisher=Errance |location=Paris |pages=15 |isbn=978-2-87772-223-0 |others=Escher, Katalin (translation of the Hungarian) |language=fr}}</ref> <ref name=Chadwick>{{Cite book |last=Chadwick |first=Hector Munro |author-link=Hector Munro Chadwick |title=The Heroic Age |publisher=[[Cambridge University Press]] |location=London |year=1926 |page=39, n 1}}</ref> <ref name="Cooper">{{cite book |first1=Alan D |last1=Cooper |title=The Geography of Genocide |date=2008 |isbn=978-0-7618-4097-8 |publisher=[[University Press of America]]}}</ref> <ref name=DerSpiegel>{{Cite magazine |title=Attilas Schwert über Oesterreich: Mit ferngelenktem "New Look" |volume=45 |url=http://www.spiegel.de/spiegel/print/d-44419693.html |magazine=Vol. 45/1948 |publisher=[[Der Spiegel]] |access-date=20 May 2014 |language=de |format=Online |date=6 November 1948 |trans-title=Attila's Sword over Austria: With remote-controlled "New Look" |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140520220209/http://www.spiegel.de/spiegel/print/d-44419693.html |archive-date=20 May 2014 |url-status=live}}</ref> <ref name=Deschodt>{{Cite book |last=Deschodt |first=Éric |title=''Folio Biographies (Book 13)'': Attila |date=1 May 2006 |publisher=[[Éditions Gallimard]] |location=[[Paris]] |isbn=978-2-07-030903-0 |page=24 |language=fr}}</ref> <ref name=Doerfer>{{cite journal |last=Doerfer |first=Gerhard |title=Zur Sprache der Hunnen |journal=Central Asiatic Journal |volume=17 |issue=1 |pages=1–50 |year=1973 }}</ref> <ref name=Dupuy>{{Cite book |last1=Dupuy |first1=R. Ernest |title=The Harper Encyclopedia of Military History: From 3500 BC to the Present |date=March 1993 |publisher=[[HarperCollins]] |isbn=978-0-06-270056-8 |page=[https://archive.org/details/harperencycloped0000dupu/page/189 189] |edition=4th |last2=Dupuy |first2=Trevor N. |url=https://archive.org/details/harperencycloped0000dupu/page/189 }}</ref> <ref name=Fillitz>{{Cite book |last=Fillitz |first=Hermann |title=Die Schatzkammer in Wien: Symbole abendländischen Kaisertums |year=1986 |publisher=Residenz |location=[[Salzburg]] |isbn=978-3-7017-0443-9 |language=de |trans-title=The Vault in Vienna: Symbols of Occidental Imperial Rule |url=http://www.chicagohungarians.com/radics/Origin2a.htm |access-date=10 March 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130602155719/http://www.chicagohungarians.com/radics/Origin2a.htm |archive-date=2 June 2013 |url-status=live }}</ref> <ref name=Geary>{{Cite book |last=Geary |first=Patrick J. |author-link=Patrick J. Geary |title=Living with the Dead in the Middle Ages |date=28 October 1994 |publisher=[[Cornell University Press]] |isbn=978-0-8014-8098-0 |page=63 |chapter-url=https://books.google.com/books?id=6z9p464GbZgC&pg=PA63 |chapter=Chapter 3. Germanic Tradition and Royal Ideology in the Ninth Century: The ''Visio Karoli Magni''}}</ref> <ref name=Gibbon>{{Cite book |last=Gibbon |first=Edward |title=History of the Decline and Fall of the Roman Empire |others=[[H. H. Milman|Milman, Rev. H. H.]] (notes) |year=1776–1789 |publisher=Strahan & Cadell |location=London |url=http://www.gutenberg.org/files/733/733-h/733-h.htm#link352HCH0001 |access-date=20 May 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130327115248/http://www.gutenberg.org/files/733/733-h/733-h.htm#link352HCH0001 |archive-date=27 March 2013 |url-status=live }}</ref> <ref name=Given>{{Cite book |last=Given |first=John |title=The Fragmentary History of Priscus: Attila, the Huns and the Roman Empire, AD 430–476. |date=2014 |publisher=Arx Publishing |isbn=978-1-935228-14-1 |type=Paperback}}</ref> <ref name=Golden>{{Cite book |last=Golden |first=Peter Benjamin |author-link=Peter Benjamin Golden |date=1992 |title=An introduction to the History of the Turkic peoples: ethnogenesis and state formation in medieval and early modern Eurasia and the Middle East |url=https://www.academia.edu/12545004 |publisher=[[Harrassowitz Verlag|Otto Harrassowitz]] |place=[[Wiesbaden]] |isbn=978-3-447-03274-2}}</ref> <ref name=Goyau>{{Cite book |last=Goyau |first=Georges |author-link=Georges Goyau |title=The Catholic Encyclopedia ''vol. 15'' |year=1912 |publisher=[[Robert Appleton Company]] |location=New York |chapter-url=http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/15067a.htm |chapter=Troyes |access-date=19 May 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140525134819/http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/15067a.htm |archive-date=25 May 2014 |url-status=live }}</ref> <ref name=Grousset>{{Cite book |last=Grousset |first=Rene |title=The Empire of the Steppes |publisher=Rutgers University Press |year=1970 |isbn=978-0-8135-1304-1 |pages=[https://archive.org/details/empireofsteppesh00prof/page/38 38] |url=https://archive.org/details/empireofsteppesh00prof/page/38 }}</ref> <ref name=Haas>{{Cite web |last=Haas |first=Christopher |url=http://www29.homepage.villanova.edu/christopher.haas/embassy.htm |title=Embassy to Attila: Priscus of Panium |publisher=[[Villanova University]] |access-date=18 May 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140221065932/http://www29.homepage.villanova.edu/christopher.haas/embassy.htm |archive-date=21 February 2014 |url-status=dead }}</ref> <ref name=Harvey>{{cite book |last1=Harvey |first1=Bonnie |title=Attila the Hun (Ancient World Leaders) |date=2003 |publisher=Infobase Publishing |asin=B01FJ1LTIQ |orig-year=1st Published in 1821 by Chelsea House Publications}}</ref> <ref name=Hodgkin>{{Cite book |last=Hodgkin |first=Thomas |author-link=Thomas Hodgkin (historian) |title=Italy and Her Invaders: 376–476. |volume=II. Book 2. The Hunnish Invasion; Book 3. The Vandal Invasion and the Herulian Mutiny |year=2011 |publisher=Adegi Graphics LLC |location=New York |isbn=978-0-543-95157-1}}</ref> <ref name=Howarth>{{Cite book |last=Howarth |first=Patrick |title=Attila, King of the Huns: The Man and The Myth |year=1995 |url=https://archive.org/details/attilakingofhuns0000howa_s0a2 |url-access=registration |publisher=[[Barnes & Noble Books]] |isbn=978-0-7607-0033-4 |pages=[https://archive.org/details/attilakingofhuns0000howa_s0a2/page/36 36]–37}}</ref> <ref name=Innes>{{Cite book |last=Innes |first=Matthew |author-link=Matthew Innes |title=The Uses of the Past in the Early Middle Ages |year=2000 |publisher=[[Cambridge University Press]] |isbn=978-0-521-63998-9 |page=[https://archive.org/details/usesofpastinearl00heny/page/245 245] |editor=Hen, Yitzhak |editor-link=Yitzhak Hen |editor2=Innes, Matthew |url=https://archive.org/details/usesofpastinearl00heny/page/245 }}</ref> <ref name=Jordanes>{{Cite book |author=Jordanes |author-link=Jordanes |translator-last=Mierow |translator-first=Charles Christopher|date=1908 |url=http://www.gutenberg.org/ebooks/14809 |title=The Origin and Deeds of the Goths |publisher=[[Princeton University]] |place=[[Princeton, New Jersey|Princeton]] |via=[[Project Gutenberg]] |access-date=24 November 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160119205648/http://www.gutenberg.org/ebooks/14809 |archive-date=19 January 2016 |url-status=live }}</ref> <ref name=Kim>{{Cite book |author=Hyun Jin Kim |year=2013 |title=The Huns, Rome and the Birth of Europe |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=jCpncXFzoFgC |publisher=Cambridge University Press |isbn=978-1-107-00906-6}}</ref> <ref name=Kirsch>{{Cite book |last=Kirsch |first=Johann Peter |author-link=Johann Peter Kirsch |title=The Catholic Encyclopedia ''vol. 9'' |year=1910 |publisher=[[Robert Appleton Company]] |location=New York |chapter-url=http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09154b.htm |chapter=Pope St. Leo I (the Great) |access-date=20 May 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140701235354/http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09154b.htm |archive-date=1 July 2014 |url-status=live }}</ref> <ref name=Lebedynsky:Campaign>{{Cite book |last=Lebedynsky |first=Iaroslav |title=La campagne d'Attila en Gaule |trans-title=The Campaign of Attila in Gaul |year=2011 |publisher=Lemme edit |location=Clermont-Ferrand |isbn=978-2-917575-21-5 |author-link=Iaroslav Lebedynsky |language=fr}}</ref> <ref name=Lebedynsky:Report>{{Cite book |last1=Lebedynsky |first1=Iaroslav |author-link=Iaroslav Lebedynsky |last2=Escher |first2=Katalin |title=Le dossier Attila |trans-title=The Attila Report |date=1 December 2007 |publisher=Editions Errance |isbn=978-2-87772-364-0 |language=fr |type=Paperback}}</ref> <ref name=Lehmann>{{cite book|last=Lehmann |first=W. |title=A Gothic Etymological Dictionary |year=1986 |location=Leiden}}</ref> <ref name=Maenchen-Helfen>{{Cite book |last=Maenchen-Helfen |first=Otto |author-link=Otto J. Maenchen-Helfen |date=August 1973 |title=The World of the Huns: Studies in Their History and Culture |url=https://archive.org/details/bub_gb_CrUdgzSICxcC_2 |publisher=[[University of California Press]] |isbn=978-0-520-01596-8}}</ref> <ref name=Man>{{Cite book |last=Man |first=John |author-link=John Man (author) |title=Attila: the Barbarian King Who Challenged Rome |year=2009 |publisher=[[Thomas Dunne Books]]/[[St. Martin's Press]] |location=New York |isbn=978-0-312-53939-9 |page=264}}</ref> <ref name=Martin>{{Cite book |title=A Dictionary of World History |date=December 2006 |publisher=[[Oxford University Press]] |isbn=978-0-19-920247-8 |page=41 |edition=2nd |editor=Martin, Elizabeth |quote=The invasion, which was likened to the action of Attila the Hun, put into effect Turkey's scheme for the partition of Cyprus (Atilla Plan).}}</ref> <ref name=Nehru>{{Cite book |last=Nehru |first=Jawaharlal |author-link=Jawaharlal Nehru |title=Glimpses of World History |year=1934 |publisher=Penguin Books India |location=London |isbn=978-0-14-303105-5 |page=919 |publication-date=30 March 2004}}</ref> <ref name=Oakeshott>{{Cite book |last=Oakeshott |first=Ewart |author-link=Ewart Oakeshott |title=European Weapons and Armour: From the Renaissance to the Industrial Revolution |date=17 May 2012 |publisher=[[Boydell Press]] |location=[[Woodbridge (UK Parliament constituency)|Woodbridge]], UK |isbn=978-1-84383-720-6 |page=151 |chapter-url=https://books.google.com/books?id=NkD86JPgCS4C&pg=PA151 |chapter=Chapter Eight. The Curved and Single-Edged Swords of the Sixteenth Century}}</ref> <ref name=Peterson>{{Cite book |last=Peterson |first=John Bertram |title=The Catholic Encyclopedia ''vol. 2'' |year=1907 |publisher=[[Robert Appleton Company]] |location=New York |chapter-url=http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/02061b.htm |author-link=John Bertram Peterson |access-date=18 May 2014 |chapter=Attila |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140707095032/http://newadvent.org/cathen/02061b.htm |archive-date=7 July 2014 |url-status=live }}</ref> <ref name=Pritsak>{{Cite journal |last=Pritsak |first=Omeljan |title=The Hunnic Language of the Attila Clan |journal=[[Harvard Ukrainian Studies]] |date=December 1982 |volume=VI |issue=4 |pages=428–476 |url=http://www.huri.harvard.edu/images/pdf/hus_volumes/vVI_n4_dec1982.pdf |access-date=18 May 2014 |author-link=Omeljan Pritsak |issn=0363-5570 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140203165626/http://www.huri.harvard.edu/images/pdf/hus_volumes/vVI_n4_dec1982.pdf |archive-date=3 February 2014 |url-status=dead }}</ref><!-- No archive available. --> <ref name=Robinson>{{Cite web |last=Robinson |first=James Harvey |author-link=James Harvey Robinson |url=http://www.fordham.edu/halsall/source/attila2.html |title=Medieval Sourcebook: Leo I and Attila |publisher=[[Fordham University]] |date=January 1996 |access-date=20 May 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140128165207/http://www.fordham.edu/Halsall/source/attila2.asp |archive-date=28 January 2014 |url-status=live}}</ref> <ref name=Rona-Tas>{{Cite book |last=Róna-Tas |first=András |author-link=András Róna-Tas |title=Hungarians and Europe in the Early Middle Ages: An Introduction to Early Hungarian History |year=1999 |publisher=[[Central European University Press]] |location=[[Budapest]] |isbn=978-963-9116-48-1 |page=425 |others=Bodoczky, Nicholas (translator) |chapter=Chapter XIV. Historical Traditions, Attila and the Hunnish-Magyar Kinship}}</ref> <ref name=Rouche>{{Cite book |last=Rouche |first=Michel |title=Attila: la violence nomade |date=3 July 2009 |publisher=[[Fayard]] |location=[Paris] |isbn=978-2-213-60777-1 |language=fr |type=Paperback |trans-title=Attila: the Nomadic Violence}}</ref> <ref name= Savelyev>{{cite journal | last1=Savelyev | first1=Alexander | last2=Jeong | first2=Choongwon | title=Early nomads of the Eastern Steppe and their tentative connections in the West | journal=Evolutionary Human Sciences | publisher=Cambridge University Press (CUP) | volume=2 | year=2020 | issn=2513-843X | doi=10.1017/ehs.2020.18| pmid=35663512 | pmc=7612788 | doi-access=free }}</ref> <ref name=Schreiber>{{Cite book |last=Schreiber |first=Hermann |title=Die Hunnen: Attila probt den Weltuntergang |year=1976 |publisher=Econ |location=Düsseldorf |isbn=978-3-430-18045-0 |page=314 |language=de |type=Hardcover |trans-title=The Huns: Attila Rehearses the End of the World}}</ref> <ref name=Sinor>{{Cite book |last=Sinor |first=Denis|author-link=Denis Sinor |date=1990 |title=The Cambridge History of Early Inner Asia |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ST6TRNuWmHsC |publisher=Cambridge University Press |isbn=978-0-521-24304-9}}</ref> <ref name=Snaedal>{{Cite journal |last=Snædal |first=Magnús |title=Attila |date=2015 |url=https://www.academia.edu/15210847 |journal=Studia Etymologica Cracoviensia |volume=20 |issue=3 |pages=211–219 |format=PDF |url-access=registration }}</ref> <ref name=Thayer>{{Cite book |last=Thayer |first=Alexander Wheelock |author-link=Alexander Wheelock Thayer|title=Thayer's Life of Beethoven |orig-year=1921 |year=1991 |publisher=[[Princeton University Press]] |isbn=978-0-691-02717-3 |page=524 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=j8RIq67v51cC&pg=PA524 |edition=Revised 1967 |editor=Forbes, Elliot |editor-link=Elliot Forbes |quote=... I could not refrain from the lively wish to possess an opera from your unique talent .... I should prefer one from the darker periods, Attila, etc., for instance, ...}}</ref> <ref name=Thompson>{{Cite book |last=Thompson |first=Edward Arthur |author-link=Edward Arthur Thompson |title=The Huns |orig-year=1948 |year=1999 |publisher=[[Wiley-Blackwell]] |location=[[Oxford]] |series=Peoples of Europe Series |isbn=978-0-631-21443-4 |url-access=registration |url=https://archive.org/details/hunspeoplesofeur00eath }}</ref> <ref name=Volsunga>{{Cite web |title=Völsunga Saga |url=http://www.northvegr.org/sagas%20annd%20epics/legendary%20heroic%20and%20imaginative%20sagas/volsunga%20saga/index.html |publisher=The Northvegr Foundation |access-date=20 May 2014 |translator1=Morris, William |translator1-link=William Morris |translator2=Magnússon, Eiríkr |translator2-link=Eiríkr Magnússon |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130725102614/http://www.northvegr.org/sagas%20annd%20epics/legendary%20heroic%20and%20imaginative%20sagas/volsunga%20saga/index.html |archive-date=25 July 2013 |format=Online |year=1888 |url-status=dead }}</ref> <!-- <ref name=Vovin>{{Cite journal |last=Vovin |first=Alexander |year=2000 |title=Did the Xiongnu speak a Yeniseian language? |journal=[[Central Asiatic Journal]] |volume=44 |issue=1 |author-link=Alexander Vovin |issn=0008-9192 |isbn=978-3-447-09164-0|title-link=Xiongnu }}</ref> --> <ref name=Waldman>{{Cite book |last1=Waldman |first1=Carl |title=Encyclopedia of European Peoples |date=1 April 2006 |publisher=[[Facts On File]] |page=393 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=kfv6HKXErqAC&pg=PA393 |last2=Mason |first2=Catherine |isbn=978-0-8160-4964-6}}</ref> <ref name=Wolfram>{{Cite book |last=Wolfram |first=Herwig |title=The Roman Empire and its Germanic Peoples |year=1997 |publisher=[[University of California Press]] |isbn=978-0-520-08511-4 |page=143 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=tOnQDfRU-poC&pg=PA143 |edition=1st |author-link=Herwig Wolfram |others=Dunlap, Thomas (translator) |access-date=18 May 2014 |type=Hardcover}}</ref> }}
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