Editing Astana (section)

==Transportation==

=== City transport ===
[[File:KZ 721 RC01 (44513246565).jpg|alt=|thumb|City bus in Astana]]

The city transport in Astana consists of buses and taxis. Over 720,000 people use public transport daily.<ref>{{cite web|work=The Astana Times|title=36 Buses Added to Astana's Most Popular Routes|author=Ainur Kuramyssova|url=http://www.astanatimes.com/2014/12/36-buses-added-astanas-popular-routes/|date=17 December 2014|access-date=23 February 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150223181631/http://www.astanatimes.com/2014/12/36-buses-added-astanas-popular-routes/|archive-date=23 February 2015|url-status=dead}}</ref> There are over 60 bus lines served by more than 1000 vehicles, with over 3000 people working in the public transport sector.<ref>{{cite web|publisher=world66.com|title=Astana Public Transportation|url=http://www.world66.com/asia/centralasia/kazakhstan/astana/getting_around|access-date=23 February 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150223175643/http://www.world66.com/asia/centralasia/kazakhstan/astana/getting_around|archive-date=23 February 2015|url-status=dead|df=dmy-all}}</ref> Just like buses, share taxis have their own predefined routes and work on a shared basis. There are three share taxi routes in total.<ref>{{cite web |title=Full list and map of current bus lines in Astana |url=https://kz.easyway.info/ru/cities/astana/routes |website=EasyWay |access-date=7 January 2023}}</ref>

Trolleybus routes were opened in 1983. There were originally 3 routes, however, by 2006, only one route was left. In 2008, the only trolleybus fleet by the special state commission was declared unprofitable due to debts to the energy supply company and as a result, it was completely closed.

[[File:Велосипедная парковка "Astana Bike".jpg|thumb|AstanaBike [[bicycle-sharing system]]]]

In 2011, the Akimat of Astana established a company to implement a series of changes and programmes in the metropolis known as the "New transport system of Astana".<ref>{{cite web|publisher=International Association of Public Transport|title=Astana: an advancing city in the modern age|author=Yusup Khassiev|url=http://www.uitp.org/astana-advancing-city-modern-age|date=17 October 2012|access-date=23 February 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150223172011/http://www.uitp.org/astana-advancing-city-modern-age|archive-date=23 February 2015|url-status=live}}</ref> As part of these programmes, [[bus rapid transit]] (BRT) lines were opened. That same year, the construction of a [[light rail]] (LRT) was to begin. It was planned that the first stage of construction of a 16.4-kilometer line, which would've included nine stations, was planned to be completed by 1 December 2013. However, as of May 2020, construction has not started. In November 2013, President [[Nursultan Nazarbayev]] condemned the construction of LRT because of the high cost. In exchange, there was a promise to launch high-speed buses. Despite the controversy, the construction of the LRT began in 2017 with the flyovers along to which the trains will pass. After a corruption scandal in 2019, the project stagnated until 2023, when construction resumed. The LRT is set to open in 2024-25.<ref>{{cite web |title=Kazakhstan splurges to get Astana light rail back on track |url=https://eurasianet.org/kazakhstan-splurges-to-get-astana-light-rail-back-on-track |website=eurasianet |access-date=20 May 2024}}</ref>

The bicycle-sharing program AstanaBike has been operating in Astana since 2014. In 2017, the system consisted of 40 stations with 1000 bicycles. The registration in the system for a season costs 5000 tenge ($28), plus a deposit for an RFID card ($5.50), the first half-hour of bike rental is free, the next hour is 100 tenge ($0.55). After more than 4 hours, the rent costs 1000 tenge.

=== Air ===
[[File:210720_NQZ_Terminal_view.jpg|alt=|thumb|[[Nursultan Nazarbayev International Airport]]]]

[[Nursultan Nazarbayev International Airport]] {{airport codes|NQZ|UACC}}, located {{convert|17|km}} south-east of the city center, is the main gateway for the city's domestic and international civilian air traffic.<ref>{{cite web | url=http://aeroport.kz/city/astana | script-title=ru:Международный аэропорт Астаны | trans-title=Astana International Airport | publisher=Aeroport.kz | language=ru | access-date=22 February 2015 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171108183014/http://aeroport.kz/city/astana | archive-date=8 November 2017 | url-status=dead}}</ref> It is the second-busiest airport in Kazakhstan, with 7,500,000 passengers passing through it in 2023.<ref>{{cite web | url=http://en.astanaairport.kz/?page_id=533 | title=Passenger traffic | publisher=Astana International Airport | access-date=16 February 2015 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140503083724/http://en.astanaairport.kz/?page_id=533 | archive-date=3 May 2014 | url-status=dead}}</ref> The airport hosts 21 airlines operating regular passenger flights inside the country and internationally.<ref>{{cite web | url=http://en.astanaairport.kz/?page_id=581 | title=General information | publisher=Astana International Airport | access-date=16 February 2015 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150215222209/http://en.astanaairport.kz/?page_id=581 | archive-date=15 February 2015 | url-status=dead}}</ref> [[Air Astana]] maintains its second-largest hub at the airport.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://en.tengrinews.kz/companies/No-Peoples-IPO-for-Air-Astana-in-near-future-Samruk-Kazyna-254903/ |title=No People's IPO for Air Astana in near future: Samruk Kazyna |publisher=Tengrinews.kz |date=31 July 2014 |access-date=17 February 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150216231827/http://en.tengrinews.kz/companies/No-Peoples-IPO-for-Air-Astana-in-near-future-Samruk-Kazyna-254903/ |archive-date=16 February 2015 |url-status=dead}}</ref> An expected 50% increase in passenger traffic by 2017 has spurred the construction of a new terminal with an area of about {{Convert|40000|m2|}}.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://astana.gov.kz/en/modules/material/295 |title=Passenger traffic in Astana airport to increase to 5 million passengers a year by 2017 |publisher=Akimat of Astana |date=26 February 2013 |access-date=16 February 2015 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150216002223/http://astana.gov.kz/en/modules/material/295 |archive-date=16 February 2015}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://astana.gov.kz/en/modules/material/6643 |title=New Passenger Terminal will be created after the Capitals Airport Reconstruction |publisher=Akimat of Astana |date=6 November 2014 |access-date=16 February 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150215220311/http://astana.gov.kz/en/modules/material/6643 |archive-date=15 February 2015 |url-status=dead}}</ref>

=== Railway and roads ===
[[File:Talgo 200 Tulpar train, Astana rail terminal. Kazakhstan, 2009.JPG|thumb|Tulpar Talgo express train to Almaty]]

Astana is located in the centre of the country, serving as a well-positioned transport node for rail and automotive networks.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://railways.kz/en/node/2210 |title="Astana" station |publisher=Kazakhstan Temir Zholy |access-date=16 February 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150215231758/http://railways.kz/en/node/2210 |archive-date=15 February 2015 |url-status=dead}}</ref>

[[Astana railway station]] is the city's main [[railway station]] and serves approximately 7,000 people each day. A new railway station, [[Astana-Nurly Zhol station|Nurly Zhol]] was built during the [[Expo 2017]] event with a customer capacity of 12,000. [[Talgo|Tulpar Talgo]] is a daily express train to [[Almaty]].<ref>{{cite web |url=http://en.tengrinews.kz/industry_infrastructure/Kazakh-Spanish-trains-to-become-more-comfortable-258609/ |title=Kazakh-Spanish trains to become more comfortable |publisher=Tengrinews.kz |date=28 January 2015 |access-date=5 March 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150202105349/http://en.tengrinews.kz/industry_infrastructure/Kazakh-Spanish-trains-to-become-more-comfortable-258609/ |archive-date=2 February 2015 |url-status=dead}}</ref> Short-term plans include the construction of a new railway station in the industrial district; in the vicinity of CHPP-3 a new terminal will be erected for freight cars.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://en.tengrinews.kz/industry_infrastructure/Astana-will-construct-new-railroad-station-for-EXPO-2017-16094/ |title=Astana will construct new railroad station for EXPO-2017 |publisher=Tengrinews.kz |date=17 January 2013 |access-date=5 March 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150404015951/http://en.tengrinews.kz/industry_infrastructure/Astana-will-construct-new-railroad-station-for-EXPO-2017-16094/ |archive-date=4 April 2015 |url-status=dead}}</ref>

M-36 Chelyabinsk-Almaty and A-343 Astana-Petropavlovsk highways are routed through the city. The strategic geographical positioning of Astana allows the city to serve as a transport and reload centre for cargoes formed at adjacent stations in the area.{{citation needed|date=March 2019}}

=== River transport ===
Since 2008, navigation on the Esil River has been organized within the city. The Akimat of the city in the framework of the implementation of the "Shipping Esil" program created a specialized enterprise GKKP "Esil-Astana".