Editing Arthritis (section)

== Epidemiology ==
Arthritis is predominantly a disease of the elderly, but children can also be affected by the disease.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://medlineplus.gov/ency/article/000451.htm|title=Juvenile idiopathic arthritis: MedlinePlus Medical Encyclopedia|website=medlineplus.gov|access-date=6 May 2019}}</ref> Arthritis is more common in women than men at all ages and affects all races, [[ethnic group]]s and cultures. In the United States, a CDC survey based on data from 2013 to 2015 showed 54.4 million (22.7%) adults had self-reported doctor-diagnosed arthritis, and 23.7 million (43.5% of those with arthritis) had arthritis-attributable activity limitation (AAAL). With an aging population, this number is expected to increase. Adults with co-morbid conditions, such as heart disease, diabetes, and obesity, were seen to have a higher than average prevalence of doctor-diagnosed arthritis (49.3%, 47.1%, and 30.6% respectively).<ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Barbour KE, Helmick CG, Boring M, Brady TJ | title = Vital Signs: Prevalence of Doctor-Diagnosed Arthritis and Arthritis-Attributable Activity Limitation - United States, 2013-2015 | journal = MMWR. Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report | volume = 66 | issue = 9 | pages = 246–253 | date = March 2017 | pmid = 28278145 | pmc = 5687192 | doi = 10.15585/mmwr.mm6609e1 }}</ref>

Disability due to [[musculoskeletal disorder]]s increased by 45% from 1990 to 2010. Of these, osteoarthritis is the fastest increasing major health condition.<ref>{{cite journal | title = GBD 2010 country results: a global public good | journal = Lancet | volume = 381 | issue = 9871 | pages = 965–970 | date = March 2013 | pmid = 23668561 | doi = 10.1016/S0140-6736(13)60283-4 | s2cid = 11808683 | author1 = ((GBD 2010 Country Collaboration)) }}</ref> Among the many reports on the increased prevalence of musculoskeletal conditions, data from Africa are lacking and underestimated. A [[systematic review]] assessed the prevalence of arthritis in Africa and included twenty population-based and seven hospital-based studies.<ref name=":0">{{cite journal | vauthors = Usenbo A, Kramer V, Young T, Musekiwa A | title = Prevalence of Arthritis in Africa: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis | journal = PLOS ONE | volume = 10 | issue = 8 | pages = e0133858 | date = 4 August 2015 | pmid = 26241756 | pmc = 4524637 | doi = 10.1371/journal.pone.0133858 | doi-access = free | bibcode = 2015PLoSO..1033858U }}</ref> The majority of studies, twelve, were from South Africa. Nine studies were well-conducted, eleven studies were of moderate quality, and seven studies were conducted poorly. The results of the systematic review were as follows:<ref name=":0" />
* [[Rheumatoid arthritis]]: 0.1% in Algeria (urban setting); 0.6% in Democratic Republic of Congo (urban setting); 2.5% and 0.07% in urban and rural settings in South Africa respectively; 0.3% in Egypt (rural setting), 0.4% in Lesotho (rural setting)
* [[Osteoarthritis]]: 55.1% in South Africa (urban setting); ranged from 29.5 to 82.7% in South Africans aged 65 years and older
** Knee osteoarthritis has the highest prevalence from all types of osteoarthritis, with 33.1% in rural South Africa
* [[Ankylosing spondylitis]]: 0.1% in South Africa (rural setting)
* [[Psoriatic arthritis]]: 4.4% in South Africa (urban setting)
* [[Gout]]: 0.7% in South Africa (urban setting)
* [[Juvenile idiopathic arthritis]]: 0.3% in Egypt (urban setting)