Editing Anime (section)

=== Anime style ===
{{Main|Anime-influenced animation}}
One of the key points that differentiated anime from a handful of Western cartoons is the potential for visceral content. Once the expectation that the aspects of visual intrigue or animation are just for children is put aside, the audience can realize that themes involving violence, suffering, sexuality, pain, and death can all be storytelling elements utilized in anime just as much as other media.{{sfn|MacWilliams|2008|p=307}}

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| quote = "Japanese animation is so different from what airs here. It's far edgier, more adult and violent."
| author = [[Mike Lazzo]] of the American [[Cartoon Network]]<ref>{{cite journal |url=https://iafor.org/archives/journals/iafor-journal-of-asian-studies/10.22492.ijas.1.1.04.pdf |title="Gotta Catch 'Em All!" Pokémon, Cultural Practice and Object Networks |last=Bainbridge |first=Jason |journal=IAFOR Journal of Asian Studies |date=Winter 2014 |issue=1 |volume=1 |doi=10.22492/ijas.1.1.04 |access-date=January 9, 2023 |archive-date=March 8, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230308075542/https://iafor.org/archives/journals/iafor-journal-of-asian-studies/10.22492.ijas.1.1.04.pdf |url-status=live }}</ref>
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However, as anime itself became increasingly popular, its styling has been inevitably the subject of both satire and serious creative productions.<ref name="anna" /> ''[[South Park]]''{{'}}s "[[Chinpokomon]]" and "[[Good Times with Weapons]]" episodes, [[Adult Swim]]'s ''[[Perfect Hair Forever]]'', and [[Nickelodeon]]'s ''[[Kappa Mikey]]'' are examples of Western satirical depictions of Japanese culture and anime, but anime tropes have also been satirized by some anime such as ''[[KonoSuba]].''

Traditionally only Japanese works have been considered anime, but some works have sparked debate about blurring the lines between anime and cartoons, such as the American anime-style productions ''[[Avatar: The Last Airbender]]'' and ''[[Avatar: The Legend of Korra]]''.<ref name="escapist">{{cite web|last=O'Brien|first=Chris|title=Can Americans Make Anime?|url=http://www.escapistmagazine.com/articles/view/features/9829-Can-Americans-Make-Anime|work=The Escapist|access-date=July 17, 2013|date=July 30, 2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121018071546/http://www.escapistmagazine.com/articles/view/features/9829-Can-Americans-Make-Anime|archive-date=October 18, 2012|url-status=live}}</ref> These anime-styled works have become defined as [[anime-influenced animation]], in an attempt to classify all anime styled works of non-Japanese origin.<ref name="whatisanime">{{cite web |url=https://www.animenewsnetwork.com/editorial/2002-07-26 |title=What is anime? |date=July 26, 2002 |access-date=August 18, 2007 |work=ANN| archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20070820052800/http://www.animenewsnetwork.com/editorial/2002-07-26| archive-date= August 20, 2007 | url-status=live}}</ref> Some creators of these works cite anime as a source of inspiration, for example the French production team for ''[[Ōban Star-Racers]]'' that moved to Tokyo to collaborate with a Japanese production team.<ref>{{cite web|title=Aaron McGruder - The Boondocks Interview|url=http://www.ugo.com/ugo/html/article/?id=17924|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071030033247/http://www.ugo.com/ugo/html/article/?id=17924|archive-date=October 30, 2007|access-date=October 14, 2007|work=Troy Rogers|publisher=UnderGroundOnline|quote=We looked at Samurai Champloo and Cowboy Bebop to make this work for black comedy and it would be a remarkable thing.}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.g4tv.com/screensavers/features/49962/Ten_Minutes_with_Megas_XLR.html |title=Ten Minutes with "Megas XLR" |date=October 13, 2004 |access-date=November 27, 2007 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070929123347/http://www.g4tv.com/screensavers/features/49962/Ten_Minutes_with_Megas_XLR.html |archive-date=September 29, 2007 |url-status=live }}</ref><ref name="company">{{cite web |url=http://www.savtheworld.com/eng/company.php |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070813141936/http://www.savtheworld.com/eng/company.php |url-status=dead |archive-date=August 13, 2007 |title=STW company background summary }}</ref> When anime is defined as a "style" rather than as a national product, it leaves open the possibility of anime being produced in other countries,<ref name="escapist" /> but this has been contentious amongst fans, with John Oppliger stating, "The insistence on referring to original American art as Japanese "anime" or "manga" robs the work of its cultural identity."<ref name="anna" /><ref>{{cite web|date=May 15, 2006|title=How should the word ''Anime'' be defined?|url=http://www.animenation.net/blog/2006/05/15/ask-john-how-should-the-word-anime-be-defined/|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081217143953/http://www.animenation.net/blog/2006/05/15/ask-john-how-should-the-word-anime-be-defined/|archive-date=December 17, 2008|access-date=September 26, 2008|work=AnimeNation}}</ref>

While some anime will depict non-Japanese characters with specific ethnic features, such as a pronounced nose and jutting jaw for European characters,<ref name="do1"/> there are some styles that deliberately forgo any identification of its characters with real-world ethnicities or nationalities, termed in criticism as ''[[mukokuseki]]'' (statelessness). ''Mukokuseki'' characters can significantly impact the reception of a property outside of Japan.<ref name=CuteCult>Bîrlea, Oana-Maria. “Soft Power: ’Cute Culture’, a Persuasive Strategy in Japanese Advertising.” TRAMES: A Journal of the Humanities & Social Sciences, vol. 27, no. 3, July 2023, pp. 311–24. EBSCOhost via [[WP:The Wikipedia Library|Wikipedia Library]], https://doi.org/10.3176/tr.2023.3.07.</ref><ref name=CBRnation>Altiok, Revna. "[https://www.cbr.com/mukokuseki-no-nationality-importance-in-anime/ What Is Mukokuseki in Anime – And Why Is It Important?] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240119143318/https://www.cbr.com/mukokuseki-no-nationality-importance-in-anime/ |date=January 19, 2024 }}" from ''[[Comic Book Resources]]'', 24 June 2022.</ref>

A [[United Arab Emirates|U.A.E.]]-[[Philippines|Filipino]] produced TV series called ''Torkaizer'' is dubbed as the "Middle East's First Anime Show", and is currently in production<ref name="Torkaizer">{{cite web|last=Fakhruddin|first=Mufaddal|title='Torkaizer', Middle East's First Anime Show|url=http://me.ign.com/en/news/9594/-torkaizer-middle-east-s-first-anime-show|website=IGN|access-date=June 12, 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130630133627/http://me.ign.com/en/news/9594/-torkaizer-middle-east-s-first-anime-show|archive-date=June 30, 2013|url-status=live|date=April 9, 2013}}</ref> and looking for funding.<ref>{{cite web|last1=Green|first1=Scott|title=VIDEO: An Updated Look at "Middle East's First Anime"|url=http://www.crunchyroll.com/anime-news/2013/12/26/video-an-updated-look-at-middle-easts-first-anime|website=Crunchyroll|access-date=August 20, 2014|date=December 26, 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141103233248/http://www.crunchyroll.com/anime-news/2013/12/26/video-an-updated-look-at-middle-easts-first-anime|archive-date=November 3, 2014|url-status=live}}</ref>{{Update inline|date=July 2024|reason=These citations are over 10 years old. Did Torkaizer gets its funding or not? What exactly happened here?}} Netflix has produced multiple anime series in collaboration with Japanese animation studios,<ref>{{cite web|last1=Schley|first1=Matt|title=Netflix May Produce Anime|url=http://www.otakuusamagazine.com/LatestNews/News1/Netflix-May-Produce-Anime-7035.aspx|website=OtakuUSA|date=November 5, 2015|access-date=November 17, 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151107204830/http://otakuusamagazine.com/LatestNews/News1/Netflix-May-Produce-Anime-7035.aspx|archive-date=November 7, 2015|url-status=live}}</ref> and in doing so, has offered a more accessible channel for distribution to Western markets.<ref>{{cite web|last1=Barder|first1=Ollie|title=Netflix Is Interested In Producing Its Own Anime|url=https://www.forbes.com/sites/olliebarder/2015/11/04/netflix-is-interested-in-producing-its-own-anime/|work=Forbes|access-date=November 17, 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170729115913/https://www.forbes.com/sites/olliebarder/2015/11/04/netflix-is-interested-in-producing-its-own-anime/|archive-date=July 29, 2017|url-status=live}}</ref> Similar initiatives have been enacted by the US-based streaming service Crunchyroll,<ref name=CrunchyOriginals>{{cite web|url=https://www.animenewsnetwork.com/news/2020-02-25/crunchyroll-unveils-7-crunchyroll-originals-works-including-tower-of-god-noblesse-god-of-high-school/.156748|title=Crunchyroll Unveils 7 'Crunchyroll Originals' Works Including Tower of God, Noblesse, God of High School|publisher=[[Anime News Network]]|date=February 25, 2020|access-date=July 25, 2020|archive-date=February 25, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200225153220/https://www.animenewsnetwork.com/news/2020-02-25/crunchyroll-unveils-7-crunchyroll-originals-works-including-tower-of-god-noblesse-god-of-high-school/.156748|url-status=live}}</ref> producing titles such as ''[[High Guardian Spice]]'' and an adaptation of ''[[Tower of God]]''.

The web-based series ''[[RWBY]]'', produced by [[Texas]]-based company [[Rooster Teeth]], is produced using an anime art style, and the series has been described as "anime" by multiple sources. For example, ''[[Adweek]]'', in the headline to one of its articles, described the series as "American-made anime",<ref name = "AdweekRWBY">{{cite web|last1=Castillo|first1=Michelle|title=American-Made Anime From Rooster Teeth Gets Licensed In Japan|url=http://www.adweek.com/news/technology/american-made-anime-rooster-teeth-gets-licensed-japan-159528|website=AdWeek|access-date=August 20, 2014|date=August 15, 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140819090314/http://www.adweek.com/news/technology/american-made-anime-rooster-teeth-gets-licensed-japan-159528|archive-date=August 19, 2014|url-status=live}}</ref> and in another headline, ''[[HuffPost|The Huffington Post]]'' described it as simply "anime", without referencing its country of origin.<ref>{{cite web|last=Lazar|first=Shira|title=Roosterteeth Adds Anime RWBY To YouTube Slate (WATCH)|url=https://www.huffingtonpost.com/shira-lazar/roosterteeth-adds-anime-r_b_3720316.html|publisher=Huffingtonpost|access-date=August 15, 2013|date=August 7, 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131029134907/http://www.huffingtonpost.com/shira-lazar/roosterteeth-adds-anime-r_b_3720316.html|archive-date=October 29, 2013|url-status=live}}</ref> In 2013, [[Monty Oum]], the creator of ''RWBY'', said "Some believe just like Scotch needs to be made in Scotland, an American company can't make anime. I think that's a narrow way of seeing it. Anime is an art form, and to say only one country can make this art is wrong."<ref name="rwby">{{cite web|last=Rush|first=Amanda|title=FEATURE: Inside Rooster Teeth's "RWBY"|url=http://www.crunchyroll.com/anime-news/2013/07/12/feature-inside-rooster-teeths-rwby|publisher=Crunchyroll|access-date=July 18, 2013|date=July 12, 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130716153934/http://www.crunchyroll.com/anime-news/2013/07/12/feature-inside-rooster-teeths-rwby|archive-date=July 16, 2013|url-status=live}}</ref> ''RWBY'' has been released in Japan with a Japanese language dub;<ref>{{cite web|title=海外3DCGアニメ『RWBY』吹き替え版BD・DVD販売決定！ コミケで発表|url=http://kai-you.net/article/7931|website=KAI-YOU|access-date=August 19, 2014|date=August 16, 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140819232942/http://kai-you.net/article/7931|archive-date=August 19, 2014|url-status=live}}</ref> the CEO of [[Rooster Teeth]], [[Matt Hullum]], commented "This is the first time any American-made anime has been marketed to Japan. It definitely usually works the other way around, and we're really pleased about that."<ref name = "AdweekRWBY" />