Editing Albert Einstein (section)

==== Political views ====
{{Main|Political views of Albert Einstein}}
[[File:Einstein Apr.1921 SS Rotterdam 32099.jpg|alt=Casual group shot of four men and two women standing on a brick pavement.|thumb|Albert Einstein and [[Elsa Einstein]] arriving in New York in 1921. Accompanying them are Zionist leaders [[Chaim Weizmann]] (future president of Israel), Weizmann's wife [[Vera Weizmann]], [[Menahem Ussishkin]], and Ben-Zion Mossinson.]]

In 1918, Einstein was one of the signatories of the founding proclamation of the [[German Democratic Party]], a liberal party.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Tobies |first=Renate |url={{Google books|EDm0eQqFUQ4C|page=116|plainurl=yes}} |title=Iris Runge – A Life at the Crossroads of Mathematics, Science, and Industry |publisher=Birkhèauser |year=2012 |isbn=978-3034802512 |location=Basel |pages=116}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book |last=Gimbel |first=Steven |url={{Google books|HvTOBwAAQBAJ|page=111|plainurl=yes}} |title=Einstein - His Space and Times |publisher=Yale University Press |year=2015 |isbn=978-0300196719 |location=New Haven |pages=111}}</ref> Later in his life, Einstein's political view was in favor of [[socialism]] and critical of capitalism, which he detailed in his essays such as "[[Why Socialism?]]".<ref>Einstein (1949), pp. 9–15.</ref><ref name="LXsUJ" /> His opinions on the [[Bolsheviks]] also changed with time. In 1925, he criticized them for not having a "well-regulated system of government" and called their rule a "regime of terror and a tragedy in human history". He later adopted a more moderated view, criticizing their methods but praising them, which is shown by his 1929 remark on [[Vladimir Lenin]]:
{{blockquote|In Lenin I honor a man, who in total sacrifice of his own person has committed his entire energy to realizing social justice. I do not find his methods advisable. One thing is certain, however: men like him are the guardians and renewers of mankind's conscience.{{sfnp|Rowe|Schulmann|2013|pp=[{{GBurl|id=_X1dAAAAQBAJ|pg=413}} 412, 413]}}}}
Einstein offered and was called on to give judgments and opinions on matters often unrelated to theoretical physics or mathematics.{{Sfnp|Clark|1971}} He strongly advocated the idea of a democratic [[global government]] that would check the power of nation-states in the framework of a world federation.{{sfnp|Isaacson|2007|p=487, 494, 550}} He wrote {{qi|I advocate world government because I am convinced that there is no other possible way of eliminating the most terrible danger in which man has ever found himself.}}<ref>Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists 4 (February 1948), No. 2 35–37: 'A Reply to the Soviet Scientists, December 1947'</ref> The FBI created a secret dossier on Einstein in 1932; by the time of his death, it was 1,427 pages long.<ref name="ixWWZ" />

Einstein was deeply impressed by [[Mahatma Gandhi]], with whom he corresponded. He described Gandhi as {{qi|a role model for the generations to come}}.<ref name="Albano-Müller"/> The initial connection was established on 27 September 1931, when [[Wilfrid Israel]] took his Indian guest [[V. A. Sundaram]] to meet his friend Einstein at his summer home in the town of Caputh. Sundaram was Gandhi's disciple and special envoy, whom Wilfrid Israel met while visiting India and visiting the Indian leader's home in 1925. During the visit, Einstein wrote a short letter to Gandhi that was delivered to him through his envoy, and Gandhi responded quickly with his own letter. Although in the end Einstein and Gandhi were unable to meet as they had hoped, the direct connection between them was established through Wilfrid Israel.<ref>{{cite web| url = http://streams.gandhiserve.org/einstein.html| title = Einstein's letter and Gandhi's answer| access-date = 22 August 2021| archive-date = 9 June 2014| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20140609031152/http://streams.gandhiserve.org/einstein.html| url-status = live}}, gandhiserve.org</ref>