Editing Winchester College (section)

== Traditions ==

=== ''The Trusty Servant'': the school mascot ===

[[File:Winchester Trusty Servant 2.jpg|thumb|upright|''[[The Trusty Servant]]'': 19th-century print|alt=Old-fashioned allegorical print of a man in a long buttoned coat and hose, wearing a sword and holding tools in his hand, with a pig's head and donkey's ears]]

{{main|The Trusty Servant}}

The Trusty Servant is an emblematic figure in a painting at Winchester College, that serves as the school's unofficial mascot and the name of its alumni magazine.<ref>{{cite web |title=Publications |url=https://wincollsoc.org/news/publications |publisher=Winchester College |access-date=4 October 2020 |archive-date=29 June 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220629041531/https://wincollsoc.org/news/publications |url-status=dead }}</ref> A painting of ''The Trusty Servant'' and accompanying verses both devised by the poet [[John Hoskins (poet)|John Hoskins]] in 1579 hangs outside the college kitchen. The current version was painted by William Cave the Younger in 1809. The painting depicts a mythical creature with the body of a man, the head of a pig, with its snout closed with a padlock, the ears of an ass, the feet of a stag, and tools in his left hand.<ref>{{cite book |last1=Skull |first1=Joseph |editor1-last=Foster |editor1-first=Richard |title=50 Treasures from Winchester College. |publisher=SCALA |isbn=9781785512209 |page=86 |chapter=Dr Collegio Wintoniensi, 1640s|date=30 January 2019 }}</ref> The verses are on the virtues that pupils of the college were supposed to have. The college arms are shown in the background of the painting.<ref>{{cite book |author=Burnett, Mark Thornton |title=Constructing "monsters" in Shakespearean drama and early modern culture |publisher=Macmillan |year=2002 |page=139}}</ref>

=== ''Notions'': the school language ===
{{Main|Notions (Winchester College)}}

A ''notion'' is a specialised term peculiar to Winchester College. The word notion is also used to describe traditions unique to the school. An example of a notion is "toytime", meaning homework, from the notion "toys", a wooden cubicle that serves as a pupil's workspace in a communal room, known as "mugging hall" in Commoner Houses or a "chamber" in College.<ref>Lawson, W.H., Hope, J.R. and Cripps, A.H.S., ''Winchester College Notions, by Three Beetleites'': Winchester 1901, pp. 81, 126–127</ref>

=== ''Manners makyth man'': the school motto ===
[[File:New College Oxford Coat Of Arms.svg<!--William of Wykeham's, same foundation-->|thumb|upright=0.6|Arms of school and founder <!--Winchester College (William of Wykeham): ''Argent, two chevronels sable between three roses gules barbed and seeded proper''-->]]

Since the foundation, Winchester College has had numerous words and phrases directly associated with it, including its motto, its graces, and a prayer. A grace is read before and after every lunch and formal meal in College Hall. Two separate graces are traditionally sung during Election, the scholarship process.

''Manners makyth man''<br/>
– Motto of Winchester College, [[New College, Oxford]], and the founder of the two colleges, [[William of Wykeham]]

The Latin grace before meals in College goes:<ref name="Stevens">{{cite book |last1=Stevens |first1=Charles |last2=Stray |first2=Christopher |author2-link=Christopher Stray |title=Winchester Notions: The English Dialect of Winchester College |publisher=Athlone Press |year=1998 |isbn=0-485-11525-5}}</ref>

{| class="wikitable" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; border: none
|-
! Latin grace !! English translation
|-
| <poem>{{lang|la|Benedic nobis, Domine Deus,
Atque iis donis tuis,
Quae de tua largitate
Sumus Sumpturi,
Per Jesum Christum, Dominum nostrum. Amen.}}</poem>
| <poem>Bless us, Lord God,
And those Thy gifts,
Of which through Thy bounty
We are about to partake,
Through Jesus Christ, our Lord. Amen.</poem>
|}

The Latin grace after meals in College goes:<ref name="Stevens"/>

{| class="wikitable" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; border: none
|-
! Latin grace !! English translation
|-
| <poem>{{lang|la|Agimus tibi gratias,
Omnipotens Deus,
Pro his et universis donis tuis,
Quae de tua largitate
Accepimus,
Qui vivis et regnas,
Et es Deus,
In saecula saeculorum. Amen.
}}</poem>
| <poem>We return thanks to Thee,
Almighty God,
For these and all Thy gifts,
Which through They bounty
We have received
Who livest and reigneth,
And art God,
World without end. Amen.
</poem>
|}

{{anchor|Domum}}

=== ''Domum'': the school song ===
{{Distinguish|Dulce Domum}}
[[File:Winchester College River Itchen, playing fields, Science School.jpg|thumb|It is said that the pupil who wrote "Domum" threw himself into the River Itchen, which runs through the school grounds. |alt=Photograph of a river in front of wide playing fields and distant buildings]]

The school song is entitled "Domum" and is sung at the end of the summer term, known as Cloister Time. The origin of the song is unknown; it was described as "an old tradition" in the 1773 ''History and Antiquities of Winchester''.<ref name="Adams1878">{{harvnb|Adams|1878|pp=407–}}</ref><!-- It is mentioned in ''[[Tom Brown's School Days]]''. Paradoxically, although the subject of the song is the joy of breaking from the school grind and returning home for the holidays, it is often taken as symbolising the idyllic, nostalgic view of English [[public school (England)|public school]] life in the 19th century.--> 
The traditional tune was composed by [[John Reading (composer and organist)|John Reading]].<ref name=Minstrel>{{cite book |title=The British Minstrel, and Musical and Literary Miscellany: A Selection of Standard Music, Songs, Duets, Glees, Choruses, Etc. and Articles in Musical and General Literature |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=RO4sAAAAYAAJ&pg=PA131 |year=1843 |publisher=W. Hamilton |pages=131–}}</ref><ref name=Walcott>{{cite book |title=William of Wykeham and his Colleges |url=https://archive.org/details/williamofwykeham00walcuoft/page/n504/mode/1up |year=1852 |publisher=D. Nutt |page=i}}</ref> A new tune, by [[Malcolm Archer]], was officially adopted by the school in about 2007.<ref>{{cite web |title=Winchester College - The School Song: Domum |website=www.winchestercollege.org |access-date=2 May 2018 |url=http://www.winchestercollege.org/domum |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170930130040/http://www.winchestercollege.org/domum |archive-date=30 September 2017 |df=dmy-all}}</ref>

According to legend, the text was written in the 17th century by a pupil who was confined for misconduct during the [[Whitsun]] holidays.<ref>''The Gentleman's Magazine'', 1796, vol. 66, pp. 208–210.</ref> (In one account, he was tied to a pillar.) It is said that he carved the words on the bark of a tree, which was thereafter called "Domum Tree", and cast himself into Logie (the river running through the school grounds).<ref name="Adams1878"/><ref>[[Charles Dickens]], ''All the Year Round'' 29 June 1872 p 160.</ref> There is still a "Domum Cottage" in that area. The author of the text apparently wrongly treated ''domum'' as a neuter noun.<ref>Robert Townsend Warner, ''Winchester'' (1900) p 168.</ref>

A "Domum Dinner" is held at the end of the summer term for leavers. It was formerly restricted to those former scholars of Winchester who were also scholars of New College, and distinguished guests. Until the reforms of the 19th century, there were three successive Election Dinners held during Election Week, culminating in a Domum Ball. Originally these festivities occurred around Whitsun, as suggested by references in the song to early summer such as "See the year, the meadow, smiling" and "Now the swallow seeks her dwelling".<ref name=Minstrel/>