Editing William McKinley (section)

===Peace and territorial gain===
{{See also|Philippine–American War}}
[[File:Jules Cambon signs Treaty of Paris, 1899.JPG|thumb|left|Signing of the [[Treaty of Paris (1898)|Treaty of Paris]]]]

McKinley's cabinet agreed with him that Spain must leave Cuba and Puerto Rico, but they disagreed on the Philippines, with some wishing to annex the entire archipelago and some wishing only to retain a naval base in the area.{{sfn|Gould|p=117}} Although public sentiment seemed to favor annexation of the Philippines, several prominent political leaders—including Democrats Bryan, and Cleveland, and the newly formed [[American Anti-Imperialist League]]—made their opposition known.{{sfn|Gould|p=116}}

McKinley proposed to open negotiations with Spain on the basis of Cuban liberation and Puerto Rican annexation, with the final status of the Philippines subject to further discussion.{{sfn|Gould|pp=118–19}} He stood firmly in that demand even as the military situation in Cuba began to deteriorate when the American army was struck with [[yellow fever]].{{sfn|Gould|pp=118–19}} Spain ultimately agreed to a ceasefire on those terms on August 12, and treaty negotiations began in Paris in September 1898.{{sfn|Gould|pp=120–21}} The talks continued until December 18, when the [[Treaty of Paris (1898)|Treaty of Paris]] was signed.{{sfn|Gould|pp=142–43}} The United States acquired Puerto Rico and the Philippines as well as the island of [[Guam]], and Spain relinquished its claims to Cuba; in exchange, the United States agreed to pay Spain $20&nbsp;million (equivalent to ${{Inflation|US|20|1899|r=0}}&nbsp;million in {{Inflation-year|US}}).{{sfn|Gould|pp=142–43}} McKinley had difficulty convincing the Senate to approve the treaty by the requisite two-thirds vote, but his lobbying, and that of Vice President Hobart, eventually saw success, as the Senate voted in favor on February 6, 1899, 57 to 27.{{sfnm|Gould||1pp=144–50|Morgan||2p=320}}

====Hawaii====
[[File:Annexation Here to Stay (edit).jpg|thumb|upright=0.85|[[Newlands Resolution|Annexation]] of the [[Republic of Hawaii]] in 1898]]

During the war, McKinley also pursued the annexation of the [[Republic of Hawaii]]. The new republic, dominated by business interests, had [[Overthrow of the Kingdom of Hawaii|overthrown the Queen]] in 1893 when she attempted to restore the powers of the monarchy by nullifying the [[1887 Constitution of the Hawaiian Kingdom|bayonet constitution]].{{sfn|Gould|p=48}} There was strong American support for annexation, and the need for Pacific bases in wartime became clear after the Battle of Manila.{{sfn|Gould|pp=49–50}} McKinley came to office as a supporter of annexation, and lobbied Congress to act, warning that to do nothing would invite a royalist counter-revolution or a Japanese takeover.{{sfn|Gould|pp=49–50}} Foreseeing difficulty in getting two-thirds of the Senate to approve a treaty of annexation, McKinley instead supported the effort of Democratic Representative [[Francis G. Newlands]] of Nevada to accomplish the result by [[joint resolution]] of both houses of Congress.{{sfn|Gould|pp=98–99}} The resulting [[Newlands Resolution]] passed both houses by wide margins, and McKinley signed it into law on July 8, 1898.{{sfn|Gould|pp=98–99}} McKinley biographer H. Wayne Morgan notes, "McKinley was the guiding spirit behind the annexation of Hawaii, showing&nbsp;... a firmness in pursuing it";{{sfn|Morgan|p=223}} the president told Cortelyou, "We need Hawaii just as much and a good deal more than we did California. It is [[manifest destiny]]."{{sfn|Morgan|p=225}}