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==Influence on other genres== Being [[period drama]] pieces, both the Western and [[Samurai cinema|samurai genre]] influenced each other in style and themes throughout the years.<ref>{{cite web|title=Cowboys and Shoguns: The American Western, Japanese Jidaigeki, and Cross-Cultural Exchange |url=http://digitalcommons.uri.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1109&context=srhonorsprog |website=Digitalcommons.uri.edu |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150929002901/http://digitalcommons.uri.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1109&context=srhonorsprog |archive-date=2015-09-29 }}</ref> ''The Magnificent Seven'' was a remake of [[Akira Kurosawa]]'s film ''Seven Samurai'', and ''A Fistful of Dollars'' was a remake of Kurosawa's ''[[Yojimbo (movie)|Yojimbo]]'', which itself was inspired by ''[[Red Harvest]]'', an American detective novel by [[Dashiell Hammett]].<ref>{{cite web|work=[[The New York Times]]|title=New DVDs: 'Films of Kenneth Anger' and 'Samurai Classics'|first=Dave|last=Kehr|date=January 23, 2007|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2007/01/23/movies/homevideo/23dvd.html?_r=0|access-date=February 23, 2017|archive-date=October 6, 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161006083737/http://www.nytimes.com/2007/01/23/movies/homevideo/23dvd.html?_r=0|url-status=live}}</ref> Kurosawa was influenced by American Westerns and was a fan of the genre, most especially [[John Ford]].<ref>{{cite web|first=Patrick |last=Crogan |url=http://archive.sensesofcinema.com/contents/cteq/00/9/kurosawa.html |title=Translating Kurosawa |work=Senses of Cinema |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20091003194402/http://archive.sensesofcinema.com/contents/cteq/00/9/kurosawa.html |archive-date=2009-10-03 }}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.moongadget.com/origins/kurosawa.html |title=Star Wars Origins |publisher=Far Cry from the Original Site |first=Justine |last=Shaw |access-date=December 20, 2015 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151103145347/http://www.moongadget.com/origins/kurosawa.html |archive-date=November 3, 2015 }} December 14, 2015</ref> Despite the [[Cold War]], the Western was a strong influence on Eastern Bloc cinema, which had its own take on the genre, the so-called [[Red Western]] or Ostern. Generally, these took two forms: either straight Westerns shot in the Eastern Bloc, or action films involving the [[Russian Revolution of 1917|Russian Revolution]], the [[Russian Civil War]], and the [[Basmachi]] rebellion.<ref>{{Cite book |last1=Miller |first1=Cynthia J. |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=AHNBAgAAQBAJ |title=International Westerns: Re-Locating the Frontier |last2=Riper |first2=A. Bowdoin Van |date=2013-11-21 |publisher=Scarecrow Press |isbn=978-0-8108-9288-0 |pages=379–384 |language=en}}</ref> Many elements of space-travel series and films borrow extensively from the conventions of the Western genre. This is particularly the case in the [[space Western]] subgenre of science fiction. [[Peter Hyams]]'s ''[[Outland (film)|Outland]]'' transferred the plot of ''High Noon'' to Io, moon of Jupiter. More recently, the [[space opera]] series ''[[Firefly (TV series)|Firefly]]'' used an explicitly Western theme for its portrayal of frontier worlds. [[Anime]] shows such as ''Cowboy Bebop'', ''Trigun'' and ''Outlaw Star'' have been similar mixes of science-fiction and Western elements. The science fiction Western can be seen as a subgenre of either Westerns or science fiction. Elements of Western films can be found also in some films belonging essentially to other genres. For example, ''[[Kelly's Heroes]]'' is a war film, but its action and characters are Western-like. [[File:John Wayne in Wake of the Red Witch trailer.jpg|left|thumb|{{center|[[John Wayne]] (1948)}}]] The character played by [[Humphrey Bogart]] in [[film noir|noir]] films such as ''[[Casablanca (film)|Casablanca]]'' and ''[[To Have and Have Not (film)|To Have and Have Not]]''—an individual bound only by his own private code of honor—has a lot in common with the classic Western hero. In turn, the Western has also explored noir elements, as with films such as [[Colorado Territory (film)|Colorado Territory]]<ref name=":2">{{Cite book |last=Meuel |first=David |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=2ytzBgAAQBAJ |title=The Noir Western: Darkness on the Range, 1943-1962 |date=2015-01-28 |publisher=McFarland |isbn=978-1-4766-1974-3 |pages=39, 45–46 |language=en}}</ref> and ''[[Pursued]].''<ref>{{Cite book |last=Schwartz |first=Ronald |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=VZkXAgAAQBAJ |title=Houses of Noir: Dark Visions from Thirteen Film Studios |date=2013-11-05 |publisher=McFarland |isbn=978-1-4766-0460-2 |pages=124 |language=en}}</ref><ref name=":2" /> In many of [[Robert A. Heinlein]]'s books, the settlement of other planets is depicted in ways explicitly modeled on American settlement of the West. For example, in his ''[[Tunnel in the Sky]]'', settlers set out to the planet New Canaan, via an [[interstellar teleporter]] portal across the galaxy, in [[Conestoga wagon]]s, their captain sporting mustaches and a little goatee and riding a [[Palomino]] horse—with Heinlein explaining that the colonists would need to survive on their own for some years, so horses are more practical than machines.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Heinlein |first=Robert A. |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=NPSP1e8xCNQC |title=Tunnel in the Sky |date=2005-03-15 |publisher=Simon and Schuster |isbn=978-1-4165-0551-8 |language=en}}</ref> [[Stephen King]]'s ''The Dark Tower'' is a series of seven books that meshes themes of Westerns, [[high fantasy]], science fiction, and horror. The protagonist [[Roland of Gilead|Roland Deschain]] is a gunslinger whose image and personality are largely inspired by the Man with No Name from Sergio Leone's films. In addition, the [[superhero]] fantasy genre has been described as having been derived from the cowboy hero, only powered up to omnipotence in a primarily urban setting. The Western genre has been parodied on a number of occasions, famous examples being ''[[Support Your Local Sheriff!]]'', ''[[Cat Ballou]]'', [[Mel Brooks]]'s ''[[Blazing Saddles]]'', and ''[[Rustler's Rhapsody]]''.<ref>{{Cite book |last1=O'Connor |first1=John E. |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=4pdTBKaum_UC |title=Hollywood's West: The American Frontier in Film, Television, and History |last2=Rollins |first2=Peter |date=2005-11-11 |publisher=University Press of Kentucky |isbn=978-0-8131-2354-7 |pages=218–230 |language=en}}</ref> [[George Lucas]]'s ''[[Star Wars]]'' films use many elements of a Western, and Lucas has said he intended for ''Star Wars'' to revitalize cinematic mythology, a part the Western once held. The [[Jedi]], who take their name from [[Jidaigeki]], are modeled after samurai, showing the influence of Kurosawa. The character [[Han Solo]] dressed like an archetypal gunslinger, and the [[Mos Eisley]] cantina is much like an Old West saloon.<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.slate.com/articles/arts/cover_story/2015/12/star_wars_is_a_pastiche_how_george_lucas_combined_flash_gordon_westerns.html|title=Star Wars Is a Postmodern Masterpiece|last=Wickman|first=Forrest|date=2015-12-13|work=Slate|access-date=2019-11-14|language=en-US|issn=1091-2339|archive-date=December 3, 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191203055643/http://www.slate.com/articles/arts/cover_story/2015/12/star_wars_is_a_pastiche_how_george_lucas_combined_flash_gordon_westerns.html|url-status=live}}</ref> Meanwhile, films such as ''[[The Big Lebowski]]'', which plucked actor [[Sam Elliott]] out of the Old West and into a Los Angeles bowling alley, and ''[[Midnight Cowboy]]'', about a Southern-boy-turned-gigolo in New York (who disappoints a client when he does not measure up to Gary Cooper), transplanted Western themes into modern settings for both purposes of parody and homage.<ref>{{cite web|first=Robert |last=Silva |url=http://blogs.amctv.com/future-of-classic/2009/05/cowboys-in-non-westerns.php |publisher=Not From 'Round Here... Cowboys Who Pop Up Outside the Old West |title=Future of the Classic |date=2009 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20091213203944/http://blogs.amctv.com/future-of-classic/2009/05/cowboys-in-non-westerns.php |archive-date=2009-12-13 }}</ref> [[File:Tommixgunslinger.jpg|[[Tom Mix]] in ''Mr. Logan, U.S.A.'', {{circa|1919}}|thumb]]
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