Editing Vitamin (section)

==Recommended levels==
In setting human nutrient guidelines, government organizations do not necessarily agree on amounts needed to avoid deficiency or maximum amounts to avoid the risk of toxicity.<ref name="EFSA">{{citation| title= Tolerable Upper Intake Levels For Vitamins And Minerals| publisher= European Food Safety Authority| year= 2006| url = http://www.efsa.europa.eu/sites/default/files/efsa_rep/blobserver_assets/ndatolerableuil.pdf}}</ref><ref name="DRITable">[http://www.nationalacademies.org/hmd/~/media/Files/Activity%20Files/Nutrition/DRI-Tables/5Summary%20TableTables%2014.pdf?la=en Dietary Reference Intakes (DRIs)] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180911225459/http://www.nationalacademies.org/hmd/~/media/Files/Activity%20Files/Nutrition/DRI-Tables/5Summary%20TableTables%2014.pdf?la=en |date=11 September 2018 }} Food and Nutrition Board, Institute of Medicine, National Academies</ref><ref name="JapanDRI">[http://www.nibiohn.go.jp/eiken/info/pdf/dris2010en.pdf Dietary Reference Intakes for Japanese (2010)] National Institute of Health and Nutrition, Japan</ref> For example, for vitamin C, recommended intakes range from 40&nbsp;mg/day in India<ref name="NIN">{{cite web |url=http://icmr.nic.in/final/rda-2010.pdf |title=Nutrient Requirements and Recommended Dietary Allowances for Indians: A Report of the Expert Group of the Indian Council of Medical Research|pages=283–295 |date=2009 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160615094048/http://icmr.nic.in/final/RDA-2010.pdf |archive-date=15 June 2016  }}</ref> to 155&nbsp;mg/day for the European Union.<ref name="EFSA-Recommended">{{cite web |title=Overview on Dietary Reference Values for the EU population as derived by the EFSA Panel on Dietetic Products, Nutrition and Allergies |year=2017 |url=https://www.efsa.europa.eu/sites/default/files/assets/DRV_Summary_tables_jan_17.pdf |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170828082247/https://www.efsa.europa.eu/sites/default/files/assets/DRV_Summary_tables_jan_17.pdf |archive-date=28 August 2017 }}</ref> The table below shows U.S. Estimated Average Requirements (EARs) and Recommended Dietary Allowances (RDAs) for vitamins, PRIs for the European Union (same concept as RDAs), followed by what three government organizations deem to be the safe upper intake. RDAs are set higher than EARs to cover people with higher than average needs. Adequate Intakes (AIs) are set when there is not sufficient information to establish EARs and RDAs. Governments are slow to revise information of this nature. For the U.S. values, with the exception of calcium and vitamin D, all of the data date to 1997–2004.<ref name="DRI">Dietary Reference Intakes: The Essential Guide to Nutrient Requirements, published by the Institute of Medicine's Food and Nutrition Board, currently available online at {{cite web |url=http://fnic.nal.usda.gov/dietary-guidance/dietary-reference-intakes/dri-reports |title=DRI Reports |access-date=14 July 2014 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140705140516/http://fnic.nal.usda.gov/dietary-guidance/dietary-reference-intakes/dri-reports |archive-date=5 July 2014 }}</ref>

All values are consumption per day:

{| class="wikitable"
|-
! rowspan="2" |Nutrient !! rowspan="2" |U.S. EAR<ref name="DRITable" />!! rowspan="2" |Highest U.S.<br />RDA or AI<ref name="DRITable" />!! rowspan="2" |Highest EU<br />PRI or AI<ref name="EFSA-Recommended" />!! colspan="3" |Upper limit (UL) !! rowspan="2" |Unit
|-
! U.S.<ref name="DRITable" />!! EU <ref name="EFSA" />!! Japan<ref name="JapanDRI" />
|-
|[[Vitamin A]]|| 625 || 900 || 1300 || 3000 || 3000 || 2700 || μg
|-
|[[Vitamin C]]|| 75 || 90 || 155 || 2000 || ND || ND || mg
|-
|[[Vitamin D]]|| 10 || 15 || 15 || 100 || 100 || 100 || μg
|-
|[[Vitamin K]]|| NE || 120 || 70 || ND || ND || ND || μg
|-
|[[Tocopherol|α-tocopherol]] (Vitamin E) || 12 || 15 || 13 || 1000 || 300 || 650–900 || mg
|-
|[[Thiamin]] (Vitamin B<sub>1</sub>) || 1.0 || 1.2 || 0.1&nbsp;mg/MJ || ND || ND || ND || mg
|-
|[[Riboflavin]] (Vitamin B<sub>2</sub>) || 1.1 || 1.3 || 2.0 || ND || ND || ND || mg
|-
|[[Niacin (nutrient)|Niacin]] (Vitamin B<sub>3</sub>) || 12 || 16 || 1.6&nbsp;mg/MJ || 35 || 10 || 60–85 || mg
|-
|[[Pantothenic acid]] (Vitamin B<sub>5</sub>) || NE || 5 || 7 || ND || ND || ND || mg
|-
|[[Vitamin B6|Vitamin B<sub>6</sub>]]|| 1.1 || 1.3 || 1.8 || 100 || 25 || 40–60 || mg
|-
|[[Biotin]] (Vitamin B<sub>7</sub>) || NE || 30 || 45 || ND || ND || ND || μg
|-
|[[Folate]] (Vitamin B<sub>9</sub>) || 320 || 400 || 600 || 1000 || 1000 || 900–1000|| μg
|-
|[[Cyanocobalamin]] (Vitamin B<sub>12</sub>) || 2.0 || 2.4 || 5.0 || ND || ND || ND || μg
|}

'''EAR''' US Estimated Average Requirements.

'''RDA''' US Recommended Dietary Allowances; higher for adults than for children, and may be even higher for women who are pregnant or lactating.

'''AI'''  US and EFSA Adequate Intake; AIs established when there is not sufficient information to set EARs and RDAs.

'''PRI''' Population Reference Intake is European Union equivalent of RDA; higher for adults than for children, and may be even higher for women who are pregnant or lactating. For Thiamin and Niacin the PRIs are expressed as amounts per MJ of calories consumed. MJ = megajoule = 239 food calories.

'''UL or Upper Limit'''  Tolerable upper intake levels.

'''ND'''  ULs have not been determined.

'''NE'''  EARs have not been established.