Editing Vandals (section)

====Domestic religious tensions====
[[File:Vandal Kingdom Hilderic Denarius.jpg|thumb|A ''[[denarius]]'' of the reign of [[Hilderic]]. Legends: D[OMINUS] N[OSTRIS] HILDIRIX REX / KART[A]G[INE] FELIX.]]

Differences between the [[Arianism|Arian]] Vandals and their [[Trinity|Trinitarian]] subjects (including both Catholics and [[Donatist]]s) were a constant source of tension in their African state. Catholic bishops were exiled or killed by Genseric and laymen were excluded from office and frequently suffered confiscation of their property.<ref>{{harvnb|Collins|2000|pp=125–126}}</ref> He protected his Catholic subjects when his relations with Rome and Constantinople were friendly, as during the years 454–457, when the Catholic community at Carthage, being without a head, elected Deogratias bishop. The same was also the case during the years 476–477 when Bishop Victor of [[Cartenna]] sent him, during a period of peace, a sharp refutation of Arianism and suffered no punishment.<ref name= CE>{{harvnb|Löffler|1912}}</ref> Huneric, Genseric's successor, issued edicts against Catholics in 483 and 484 in an effort to marginalise them and make Arianism the primary religion in North Africa.<ref>{{harvnb|Cameron|2000|p=555}}</ref> Generally most Vandal kings, except [[Hilderic]], persecuted Trinitarian Christians to a greater or lesser extent, banning conversion for Vandals, exiling bishops and generally making life difficult for Trinitarians.{{Citation needed|date=May 2010}}