Editing Upper Canada (section)

===Crown and clergy reserves===
{{main|Clergy reserve|Clergy Corporation}}

The Crown reserves, one seventh of all lands granted, were to provide the provincial executive with an independent source of revenue not under the control of the elected Assembly. The clergy reserves, also one seventh of all lands granted in the province, were created "for the support and maintenance of a Protestant clergy" in lieu of tithes. The revenue from the lease of these lands was claimed by the Rev. [[John Strachan]] on behalf of the [[Church of England]]. These reserves were directly administered by the Crown; which, in turn, came under increasing political pressure from other Protestant bodies. The Reserve lands were to be a focal point of dissent within the Legislative Assembly.<ref>{{harvp|Craig|1963|pages=171–179}}</ref>

The Clergy Corporation was incorporated in 1819 to manage the clergy reserves. After the Rev. [[John Strachan]] was appointed to the Executive Council, the advisory body to the Lieutenant Governor, in 1815, he began to push for the Church of England's autonomous control of the clergy reserves on the model of the Clergy Corporation created in Lower Canada in 1817. Although all clergymen in the Church of England were members of the body corporate, the act prepared in 1819 by Strachan's former student, Attorney General [[John Beverly Robinson]], also appointed the Inspector General and the Surveyor General to the board, and made a quorum of three for meetings; these two public officers also sat on the Legislative Council with Strachan. These three were usually members of the Family Compact.<ref>{{cite book|last=Wilson|first=George A.|title=The Political and Administrative History of the Upper Canada Clergy Reserves, 1790–1855|year=1959|publisher=PhD Thesis, Dept. of History, University of Toronto|location=Toronto|pages=133ff}}</ref>

The clergy reserves were not the only types of landed endowment for the Anglican Church and clergy. The ''1791 Act'' also provided for [[glebe|glebe land]] to be assigned and vested in the Crown (for which {{convert|22345|acre|abbr=on}} were set aside), where the revenues would be remitted to the Church.<ref name="Hayes2004"/> The act also provided for the creation of [[rectory|parish rectories]], giving [[parish]]es a corporate identity so that they could hold property (although none were created until 1836, prior to the recall of [[John Colborne]], in which he created 24 of them).<ref name="Hayes2004">{{cite book |last= Hayes|first= Alan L.|date= 2004|title= Anglicans in Canada: Controversies and Identity in Historical Perspective|url= https://books.google.com/books?id=bfldAAAAQBAJ&pg=PA59|location= Urba and Chicago|publisher= [[University of Illinois Press]]|pages= 59–61|isbn=0-252-02902-X}}</ref> They were granted lands amounting to {{convert|21638|acre|abbr=}}, of which {{convert|15048|acre|abbr=}} were drawn from the clergy reserves and other glebe lots, while {{convert|6950|acre|abbr=}} were taken from ordinary Crown lands.<ref>{{cite book |last= Wilson|first= Alan|date= 1969|title= The Clergy Reserves of Upper Canada|journal= Historical Booklet, Canadian Historical Association|url= https://cha-shc.ca/_uploads/5c38a9c550b91.pdf |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20221009/https://cha-shc.ca/_uploads/5c38a9c550b91.pdf |archive-date=2022-10-09 |url-status=live|location= Ottawa|publisher= [[Canadian Historical Association]]|page= 17|isbn= 0-88798-057-0|issn= 0068-886X|series= Historical Booklet No. 23}}</ref> A later suit to have this action annulled was dismissed by the [[Court of Chancery of Upper Canada]].<ref>{{cite court |litigants= Attorney-General v Grasett|vol= 5|reporter= Gr|opinion= 412|pinpoint= |court= C.C.U.C.|date= 12 May 1856|url= https://books.google.com/books?id=M19FAQAAMAAJ&pg=PA412}}; affirmed on appeal, {{cite court |litigants= Attorney-General v Grasett|vol= 6|reporter= Gr|opinion= 200|pinpoint= |court= C.E.A.U.C.|date= 1857|url= https://archive.org/details/v6reportsofcasesad1877/page/200/mode/2up}}</ref> The [[Province of Canada]] would later pass an Act in 1866 to authorize the disposal of such glebe and rectory lands not specifically used as [[Church (building)|church]]es, [[parsonage]]s or [[burial ground]]s.<ref>{{Cite canlaw|short title  =An Act to provide for the sale of the Rectory Lands in this Province|abbr =S.Prov.C.|year =1866|chapter =16|link=https://archive.org/details/statutesprovinc07canagoog/page/n74/mode/2up}}, as amended by c. 17</ref>