Editing Tungsten (section)

===Chemical applications===
[[Tungsten(IV) sulfide]] is a high temperature [[lubricant]] and is a component of catalysts for [[hydrodesulfurization]].<ref>{{cite book|author=Delmon, Bernard|author2=Froment, Gilbert F.|name-list-style=amp|title=Hydrotreatment and hydrocracking of oil fractions: proceedings of the 2nd international symposium, 7th European workshop, Antwerpen, Belgium, November 14–17, 1999|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=RseZG0_4Ks4C&pg=PA351|access-date=18 December 2011|date=1999|publisher=Elsevier|isbn=978-0-444-50214-8|pages=351–}}</ref> MoS<sub>2</sub> is more commonly used for such applications.<ref>{{cite book|author=Mang, Theo|author2=Dresel, Wilfried|name-list-style=amp|title=Lubricants and Lubrication|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ryKplDzZ_AoC&pg=PA695|date=2007|publisher=John Wiley & Sons|isbn=978-3-527-61033-4|pages=695–}}</ref>

Tungsten [[oxide]]s are used in [[ceramic]] glazes and [[calcium]]/[[magnesium]] tungstates are used widely in [[fluorescent lighting]]. Crystal [[tungstate]]s are used as [[scintillator|scintillation detectors]] in [[nuclear physics]] and [[nuclear medicine]]. Other salts that contain tungsten are used in the chemical and [[Tanning (leather)|tanning]] industries.<ref name="desu" />
Tungsten oxide (WO<sub>3</sub>) is incorporated into [[selective catalytic reduction]] (SCR) catalysts found in coal-fired power plants. These catalysts convert [[nitrogen oxide]]s ([[NOx|NO<sub>x</sub>]]) to nitrogen (N<sub>2</sub>) and water (H<sub>2</sub>O) using ammonia (NH<sub>3</sub>). The tungsten oxide helps with the physical strength of the catalyst and extends catalyst life.<ref>{{cite book|author=Spivey, James J.|title=Catalysis|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=wVXnmPGCVOMC&pg=PA239|access-date=18 December 2011|date=2002|publisher=Royal Society of Chemistry|isbn=978-0-85404-224-1|pages=239–}}</ref> Tungsten containing catalysts are promising for epoxidation,<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Lewandowski |first1=Grzegorz |last2=Kujbida |first2=Marcin |last3=Wróblewska |first3=Agnieszka |title=Epoxidation of 1,5,9-cyclododecatriene with hydrogen peroxide under phase-transfer catalysis conditions: influence of selected parameters on the course of epoxidation |journal=Reaction Kinetics, Mechanisms and Catalysis |date=1 April 2021 |volume=132 |issue=2 |pages=983–1001 |doi=10.1007/s11144-021-01960-7 |language=en |issn=1878-5204|doi-access=free }}</ref> oxidation,<ref>{{cite book |title=Kinetic studies of propane oxidation on Mo and V based mixed oxide catalysts. |date=2011 |pages=165–170 |url=https://pure.mpg.de/rest/items/item_1199619_5/component/file_1199618/content}}</ref> and hydrogenolysis reactions.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Liu |first1=Lujie |last2=Asano |first2=Takehiro |last3=Nakagawa |first3=Yoshinao |last4=Gu |first4=Minyan |last5=Li |first5=Congcong |last6=Tamura |first6=Masazumi |last7=Tomishige |first7=Keiichi |title=Structure and performance relationship of silica-supported platinum–tungsten catalysts in selective C-O hydrogenolysis of glycerol and 1,4-anhydroerythritol |journal=Applied Catalysis B: Environmental |date=5 September 2021 |volume=292 |page=120164 |doi=10.1016/j.apcatb.2021.120164 |bibcode=2021AppCB.29220164L }}</ref> Tungsten heteropoly acids are key component of multifunctional catalysts.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Kornas |first1=A. |last2=Śliwa |first2=M. |last3=Ruggiero-Mikołajczyk |first3=M. |last4=Samson |first4=K. |last5=Podobiński |first5=J. |last6=Karcz |first6=R. |last7=Duraczyńska |first7=D. |last8=Rutkowska-Zbik |first8=D. |last9=Grabowski |first9=R. |title=Direct hydrogenation of CO2 to dimethyl ether (DME) over hybrid catalysts containing CuO/ZrO2 as a metallic function and heteropolyacids as an acidic function |journal=Reaction Kinetics, Mechanisms and Catalysis |date=1 June 2020 |volume=130 |issue=1 |pages=179–194 |doi=10.1007/s11144-020-01778-9 |language=en |issn=1878-5204|doi-access=free }}</ref>  Tungstates can be used as photocatalyst,<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Campos |first1=Willison E. O. |last2=Lopes |first2=Anna S. C. |last3=Monteiro |first3=Waldinei R. |last4=Filho |first4=Geraldo N. R. |last5=Nobre |first5=Francisco X. |last6=Luz |first6=Patrícia T. S. |last7=Nascimento |first7=Luís A. S. |last8=Costa |first8=Carlos E. F. |last9=Monteiro |first9=Wesley F. |last10=Vieira |first10=Michele O. |last11=Zamian |first11=José R. |title=Layered double hydroxides as heterostructure LDH@Bi2WO6 oriented toward visible-light-driven applications: synthesis, characterization, and its photocatalytic properties |journal=Reaction Kinetics, Mechanisms and Catalysis |date=1 October 2020 |volume=131 |issue=1 |pages=505–524 |doi=10.1007/s11144-020-01830-8 |s2cid=220948033 |url=https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s11144-020-01830-8 |language=en |issn=1878-5204}}</ref> while the tungsten sulfide as electrocatalyst.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Maslana |first1=K. |last2=Wenelska |first2=K. |last3=Biegun |first3=M. |last4=Mijowska |first4=E. |title=High catalytic performance of tungsten disulphide rodes in oxygen evolution reactions in alkaline solutions |journal=Applied Catalysis B: Environmental |date=5 June 2020 |volume=266 |page=118575 |doi=10.1016/j.apcatb.2019.118575 |bibcode=2020AppCB.26618575M |s2cid=213246090 }}</ref>