Editing Titration (section)

===Acid–base titrations===

*For [[biodiesel]] fuel: [[Vegetable oil fuel|waste vegetable oil]] (WVO) must be neutralized before a batch may be processed.  A portion of WVO is titrated with a base to determine acidity, so the rest of the batch may be neutralized properly.  This removes [[Fatty acid#Free fatty acids|free fatty acids]] from the WVO that would normally react to make soap instead of biodiesel fuel.<ref>
{{Cite book
  | last = Purcella
  | first = G.
  | title = Do It Yourself Guide to Biodiesel: Your Alternative Fuel Solution for Saving Money, Reducing Oil Dependency, Helping the Planet
  | publisher = Ulysses Press
  | year = 2007
  | pages = [https://archive.org/details/doityourselfguid00purc/page/81 81–96]
  | isbn = 978-1-56975-624-9
  | url = https://archive.org/details/doityourselfguid00purc/page/81
  }}</ref>
*[[Kjeldahl method]]: a measure of nitrogen content in a sample. Organic nitrogen is digested into [[ammonia]] with [[sulfuric acid]] and [[potassium sulfate]].  Finally, ammonia is back titrated with [[boric acid]] and then [[sodium carbonate]].<ref>
{{Cite book
  | title = Remington: the science and practice of pharmacy
  | publisher = Lippincott Williams & Wilkins
  | volume = 1
  | edition = 21
  | year = 2005
  | pages = 501
  | isbn = 0-7817-4673-6
}}</ref>
*[[Acid value]]: the mass in milligrams of [[potassium hydroxide]] (KOH) required to titrate fully an acid in one gram of sample. An example is the determination of [[Fatty acid#Free fatty acids|free fatty acid]] content.
*[[Saponification value]]: the mass in milligrams of KOH required to saponify a [[fatty acid]] in one gram of sample. Saponification is used to determine average chain length of fatty acids in fat.
*Ester value (or ester index): a calculated index. Ester value = Saponification value – Acid value.
*Amine value: the mass in milligrams of KOH equal to the [[amine]] content in one gram of sample.
*[[Hydroxyl value]]: the mass in milligrams of KOH corresponding to [[hydroxyl]] groups in one gram of sample. The analyte is [[acetylation|acetylated]] using [[acetic anhydride]] then titrated with KOH.