Editing Stuttgart (section)

=== Parks, lakes, cemeteries and other places of interest ===
[[File:Feuersee Spring.jpg|thumb|The Johanneskirche on the Feuersee, designed by [[Christian Friedrich von Leins]]]] 
[[File:Killesbergpark.jpg|right|thumb|[[Killesbergpark]] with fountains and vineyards in the background]]
At the center of Stuttgart lies a series of gardens which are popular with families and cyclists. Because of its shape on a map, the locals refer to it as the ''Green U''. The Green U starts with the old Schlossgarten, castle gardens first mentioned in records in 1350. The modern park stretches down to the river [[Neckar]] and is divided into the upper garden (bordering the [[Old Castle (Stuttgart)|Old Castle]], the [[Stuttgart Hauptbahnhof|Main Station]], the [[Staatstheater Stuttgart|State Theater]] and the State Parliament building), and the middle and lower gardens – a total of 61 hectares. The park also houses Stuttgart planetarium.

At the far end of Schlossgarten lies the second ''Green U'' park, the larger [[Rosensteinpark]] which borders Stuttgart's [[Wilhelma]] zoo and botanical gardens. Planted by King [[William I of Württemberg]], it contains many old trees and open areas and counts as the largest English-style garden in southern Germany. In the grounds of the park stands the former Rosenstein castle, now the Rosenstein Museum.

Beyond bridges over an adjacent main road lies the final ''Green U'' park, [[Killesbergpark]] or 'Höhenpark' which is a former quarry that was converted for the [[Nazi Germany|Third Reich]] garden show of 1939 (and was used as a collection point for Jews awaiting transportation to [[Internment|concentration camps]]). The park has been used to stage many gardening shows since the 1950s, including the [[Bundesgartenschau]] and 1993 International Gardening Show, and runs miniature trains all around the park in the summer months for children and adults. The viewing tower (Killesbergturm) offers unique views across to the northeast of Stuttgart.

On the northern edge of the [[Rosensteinpark]] is the famous '[[Wilhelma]]', Germany's only combined zoological and botanical garden. The whole compound, with its ornate pavilions, greenhouses, walls and gardens was built around 1850 as a summer palace in moorish style for King [[Wilhelm I, German Emperor|Wilhelm I]] of [[Württemberg]]. It currently houses around 8000 animals and some 5000 plant species and contains the biggest [[magnolia]] grove in Europe.

Other parks in Stuttgart include the historic [[Botanischer Garten der Universität Hohenheim]] and [[Landesarboretum Baden-Württemberg]] at [[Hohenheim|Castle Hohenheim]] (which date back to 1776 and are still used to catalog and research plant species), Uhlandshöhe hill (between the city center, Bad Cannstatt and Frauenkopf, and home to Stuttgart observatory), the Weißenburgpark (a five-hectare park in the Bopser area of Stuttgart South which dates back to 1834 and is now home to a 'tea house' and the 'marble room' and offers a relaxing view across the city center), the [[Birkenkopf]] a [[Schuttberg]] (at {{cvt|511|m|ft|}} the highest point in central Stuttgart, where many ruins were laid to commemorate the Second World War), and the Eichenhain park in Sillenbuch (declared a nature reserve in 1958 and home to 200 [[oak]] trees, many 300–400 years old).
[[File:Birkenkopf 1.jpg|right|thumb|View from the Birkenkopf]]

There are a number of natural and artificial lakes and ponds in Stuttgart. The largest is the [[Max-Eyth-See]], which was created in 1935 by reclaiming a former quarry and is now an official nature reserve. It is surrounded by an expansive open area overlooked by vineyards on the banks of the river [[Neckar]] near Mühlhausen.
There are expansive areas of woodland to the west and south west of Stuttgart which are popular with walkers, families, cyclists and ramblers. The most frequented lakes form a {{cvt|3|km|mi}} trio made up of the Bärensee, Neuer See and Pfaffensee. The lakes are also used for local water supplies.

In the Feuersee area in the west of Stuttgart lies one of two 'Feuersee's (literally fire lakes), striking for its views of the [[St. John's Church, Stuttgart|Johanneskirche]] (St. Johns) church across the lake, surrounded by nearby houses and offices. The other Feuersee can be found in Vaihingen.

'''Cemeteries''' in Stuttgart include:

*The Hoppenlaufriedhof in Central Stuttgart, the oldest remaining cemetery which dates back to 1626, an [[wikt:infirmary|infirmary]] graveyard last used in 1951
*The Waldfriedhof, the 1913 forest cemetery that is connected to Südheimer Platz by [[Standseilbahn Stuttgart|funicular railway]]
*The [[:de:Pragfriedhof|Pragfriedhof]], with its [[Art Nouveau]] [[cremation|crematorium]]. Established in 1873 it was extended to include Jewish graves in 1874 and also now houses the [[Russian Orthodox Church]] of [[Alexander Nevsky]].
*The Uff-Kirchhof cemetery in Bad Cannstatt which stands at the crossroads of two ancient [[Roman roads]] and Cannstatter Hauptfriedhof, the largest graveyard in Stuttgart which has been used as a Muslim burial ground since 1985

The city boasts the second-largest mineral water deposits in Europe after [[Budapest]],{{sfn|Bekker|2005|p=445}}<ref name=Typical/> with over 250 springs within the urban area.<ref name=Typical>{{cite web |url=http://www.stuttgart.de/item/show/339461 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://archive.today/20130212094541/http://www.stuttgart.de/item/show/339461 |archive-date=12 February 2013 |title=Typical Stuttgart |work=Official website of Stuttgart |access-date=14 October 2018}}</ref> The [[Athenebrunnen]] (or Fountain of Pallas Athena) is along Jean-Amery-Weg in the western part of Stuttgart, dating from 1911.