Editing Shaka (section)

====History and legacy====
The increased military efficiency led to more and more clans being incorporated into Shaka's Zulu empire, while other tribes moved away to be out of range of Shaka's ''[[impi]]s''. The ripple effect caused by these mass migrations would become known (though only in the twentieth century) as the ''[[Mfecane|Mfecane/Difaqane]]'' (annihilation).

Shaka's army set out on a massive programme of expansion & killing those who resisted in the territories he conquered. His ''[[impis]]'' (armies) were rigorously disciplined: failure in battle meant death.{{sfn|Rubinstein|2014|p=}}

At the time of his death, Shaka ruled over 250,000 people and could muster more than 50,000 warriors. His 12-year-long kingship resulted in a massive number of deaths, mostly due to the disruptions the Zulu caused in neighbouring tribes, although the exact death toll is a matter of scholarly dispute.{{sfn|Omer-Cooper|1966|pp=12–86 }}{{sfn|Cobbing|1988|pp=487-519}} Further unquantifiable deaths occurred during mass tribal migrations to escape his armies.

The Mfecane produced [[Mzilikazi]] of the Khumalo, a general of Shaka's. He fled Shaka's employ, and in turn conquered an empire in [[Zimbabwe]], after clashing with European groups like the Boers. The settling of Mzilikazi's people, the Ama Ndebele or Matabele, in the south of Zimbabwe with the concomitant driving of the Mashona into the north caused a tribal conflict that still resonates today. Other notable figures to arise from the Mfecane/Difaqane include [[Soshangane]], who expanded from the Zulu area into what is now [[Mozambique]],<ref name="Newitt">Newitt, Malyn D.D. The Gaza Empire. Microsoft Encarta Reference Library, 2005. DVD</ref> and [[Zwangendaba]].