Editing Sexual selection (section)

=== In plants and fungi ===
{{Main|Sexual selection in flowering plants|Sexual selection in fungi}}

[[Flowering plant]]s have many secondary sexual characteristics subject to sexual selection including [[floral symmetry]] if [[pollinator]]s visit flowers assortatively by degree of symmetry,<ref name="Møller Eriksson 1995">{{cite journal |last1=Møller |first1=Anders Pape |last2=Eriksson |first2=Mats |date=1995 |title=Pollinator Preference for Symmetrical Flowers and Sexual Selection in Plants |journal=Oikos |volume=73 |issue=1 |pages=15–22 |doi=10.2307/3545720 |jstor=3545720|bibcode=1995Oikos..73...15M }}</ref> nectar production, floral structure, and inflorescences, as well as sexual dimorphisms.<ref name="Ashman Delph 2006">{{Cite journal |last1=Ashman |first1=Tia-Lynn |last2=Delph |first2=Lynda F. |date=1 August 2006 |title=Trait selection in flowering plants: how does sexual selection contribute? |journal=Integrative and Comparative Biology |volume=46 |issue=4 |pages=465–472 |doi=10.1093/icb/icj038 |pmid=21672758 |doi-access=free}}</ref><ref name="Moore Pannell 2011">{{cite journal |last1=Moore |first1=Jamie C. |last2=Pannell |first2=John R. |title=Sexual selection in plants |journal=Current Biology |year=2011 |volume=21 |issue=5 |pages=R176–R182 |doi=10.1016/j.cub.2010.12.035 |pmid=21377091 |s2cid=18044399 |doi-access=free |bibcode=2011CBio...21.R176M }}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal |last=Wilson |first=Mary F. |date=June 1979 |title=Sexual Selection In Plants |journal=The American Naturalist |volume=113 | issue=6 |pages=777–790 |doi=10.1086/283437 |bibcode=1979ANat..113..777W |s2cid=84970789 }}</ref>

[[Fungi]] appear to make use of sexual selection, although they also often reproduce asexually. In the [[Basidiomycetes]], the sex ratio is biased towards males, implying sexual selection there. [[Male–male competition]] to fertilise occurs in fungi including yeasts. [[Sex pheromone#Signalling|Pheromone signaling]] is used by female gametes and by conidia, implying male choice in these cases. Female–female competition may also occur, indicated by the much faster evolution of female-biased genes in fungi.<ref name="Nieuwenhuis 2012">{{cite journal |doi=10.1111/jeb.12017 |pmid=23163326 |volume=25 |issue=12 |title=Sexual selection in fungi |year=2012 |journal=Journal of Evolutionary Biology |pages=2397–2411 |last1=Nieuwenhuis |first1=B. P. S. |last2=Aanen |first2=D. K. |s2cid=5657743 |doi-access=free }}</ref><ref>{{cite journal |last=Leonard |first=Janet L. |date=1 August 2006 |title=Sexual selection: lessons from hermaphrodite mating systems|journal=Integrative and Comparative Biology |volume=46 |issue=4 |pages=349–367 |doi=10.1093/icb/icj041 |pmid=21672747 |doi-access=free }}</ref><ref name="Beekman Nieuwenhuis Ortiz-Barrientos Evans 2016">{{cite journal |last1=Beekman |first1=Madeleine |last2=Nieuwenhuis |first2=Bart |last3=Ortiz-Barrientos |first3=Daniel |last4=Evans |first4=Jonathan P. |title=Sexual selection in hermaphrodites, sperm and broadcast spawners, plants and fungi |journal=Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences |publisher=The Royal Society |volume=371 |issue=1706 |date=19 October 2016 |issn=0962-8436 |doi=10.1098/rstb.2015.0541 |page=20150541|pmid=27619704 |pmc=5031625 }}</ref><ref name="Whittle Johannesson 2013">{{cite journal |last1=Whittle |first1=Carrie A. |last2=Johannesson |first2=Hanna |title=Evolutionary Dynamics of Sex-Biased Genes in a Hermaphrodite Fungus |journal=Molecular Biology and Evolution |publisher=Oxford University Press |volume=30 |issue=11 |date=20 August 2013 |doi=10.1093/molbev/mst143 |pages=2435–2446|pmid=23966547 |doi-access=free }}</ref>

<gallery mode="packed" caption="Example sexual selection mechanisms in the named taxa">
File:Gorillafamily.JPG|[[Sexual selection in mammals|Among mammals]], the male gorilla is much larger than female.
File:Phidippus putnami male.jpg|Males of many [[spider]]s, such as this ''[[Phidippus putnami]]'', have elaborate courtship displays.
File:Toe-Biter.jpg|A male ''[[Abedus indentatus]]'' [[Belostomatidae|belostomatid bug]] carries eggs on its back.
File:Fireflies, Georgia, US (detail).jpg|Each [[firefly]] species attracts mates with its own flash pattern.
File:Dendropsophus microcephalus - calling male (Cope, 1886).jpg|Male ''[[Dendropsophus microcephalus]]'' calling
File:Indian rat snake,Ptyas mucosa, Territorial Fight.jpg|Territorial fight in the Indian rat snake, ''[[Ptyas mucosa]]''
File:Victoria's Riflebird courtship - Lake Eacham - Queensland S4E8070 (22198704599) (cropped).jpg|Male [[Victoria's riflebird]] displaying to a female
File:Satin Bowerbird nest.jpg|A male [[satin bowerbird]] guards its bower from rival males in the hope of attracting females with its decorations.
File:MacquarieIslandElephantSeal.JPG|Male [[southern elephant seal]]s fighting on [[Macquarie Island]] for the right to mate
File:Lily Lilium 'Citronella' Flower.jpg|''[[Citronella (genus)|Citronella]]'' flower's symmetry may have been subject to sexual selection by its [[pollinator]]s.
File:RanaArvalisBlueMale3.jpg|Male [[moor frog]]s become blue to signal their fitness to females.
</gallery>