Editing Russians (section)

=== Cinema ===
{{main|Cinema of Russia|Cinema of the Soviet Union}}
[[File:Vintage Potemkin.jpg|thumb|upright|Poster of ''[[Battleship Potemkin]]'' (1925) by Sergei Eisenstein, which was named the [[List of films considered the best|greatest film of all time]] at the [[Expo 58|Brussels World's Fair]] in 1958.<ref>{{cite web|last=Hodgson|first=Jonathan|url=https://www.play.mdx.ac.uk/media/EISENSTEIN%2C+Sergei+-+BATTLESHIP+POTEMKIN+-+1925+Russia/1_sub9wj41|title=EISENSTEIN, Sergei – BATTLESHIP POTEMKIN – 1925 Russia|publisher=[[Middlesex University]]|date=4 December 2020|access-date=10 July 2021|archive-date=29 March 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220329091227/https://www.play.mdx.ac.uk/media/EISENSTEIN%2C+Sergei+-+BATTLESHIP+POTEMKIN+-+1925+Russia/1_sub9wj41|url-status=live}}</ref>]]
Russian and later [[Soviet cinema]] was a hotbed of invention, resulting in world-renowned films such as ''[[The Battleship Potemkin]]''.<ref>Miller, Jamie. "[https://www.jstor.org/stable/20451166?seq=1 Soviet Cinema, 1929–41: The Development of Industry and Infrastructure] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210527122843/https://www.jstor.org/stable/20451166?seq=1 |date=27 May 2021 }}" Europe-Asia Studies, vol. 58, no. 1, 2006, pp. 103–124. [[JSTOR]]. Retrieved 26 May 2021.</ref> Soviet-era filmmakers, most notably [[Sergei Eisenstein]] and [[Andrei Tarkovsky]], would go on to become among of the world's most innovative and influential directors.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.inverse.com/article/40392-sergei-eisenstein-google-doodle|title=Sergei Eisenstein: How the "Father of Montage" Reinvented Cinema|work=[[Inverse (website)|Inverse]]|first=Mike|last=Brown|date=22 January 2018|access-date=27 May 2021|archive-date=31 March 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220331100137/https://www.inverse.com/article/40392-sergei-eisenstein-google-doodle|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.bfi.org.uk/features/where-begin-with-andrei-tarkovsky|title=Where to begin with Andrei Tarkovsky|work=[[British Film Institute]]|first=Carmen|last=Gray|date=27 October 2015|access-date=27 May 2021|archive-date=31 March 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220331091343/https://www.bfi.org.uk/features/where-begin-with-andrei-tarkovsky|url-status=live}}</ref> Eisenstein was a student of [[Lev Kuleshov]], who developed the groundbreaking [[Soviet montage theory]] of film editing at the world's first [[film school]], the [[Gerasimov Institute of Cinematography|All-Union Institute of Cinematography]].<ref>{{cite encyclopedia|url=https://www.britannica.com/topic/All-Union-State-Institute-of-Cinematography|title=All-Union State Institute of Cinematography|encyclopedia=[[Encyclopedia Britannica]]|access-date=29 June 2021|archive-date=31 March 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220331092540/https://www.britannica.com/topic/All-Union-State-Institute-of-Cinematography|url-status=live}}</ref> [[Dziga Vertov]]'s "[[Kino-Eye]]" theory had a huge impact on the development of documentary filmmaking and cinema realism.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://news.yale.edu/2019/08/12/yale-film-scholar-dziga-vertov-enigma-movie-camera|title=Yale film scholar on Dziga Vertov, the enigma with a movie camera|work=[[Yale University]]|first=Kendall|last=Teare|date=12 August 2019|access-date=21 June 2021|archive-date=19 April 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220419004549/https://news.yale.edu/2019/08/12/yale-film-scholar-dziga-vertov-enigma-movie-camera|url-status=live}}</ref> Many Soviet socialist realism films were artistically successful, including ''[[Chapaev (film)|Chapaev]]'', ''[[The Cranes Are Flying]]'', and ''[[Ballad of a Soldier]]''.{{citation needed|date=August 2022}}

The 1960s and 1970s saw a greater variety of artistic styles in Soviet cinema. The comedies of [[Eldar Ryazanov]] and [[Leonid Gaidai]] of that time were immensely popular, with many of the catchphrases still in use today.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.rferl.org/a/eldar-ryazanov-films/27398408.html|title=Eldar Ryazanov And His Films|work=[[Radio Free Europe]]|quote="Eldar Ryazanov, a Russian film director whose iconic comedies captured the flavor of life and love in the Soviet Union while deftly skewering the absurdities of the communist system... His films ridiculed Soviet bureaucracy and trained a clear eye on the predicaments and peculiarities of daily life during the communist era, but the light touch of his satire helped him dodge government censorship."|date=30 November 2015|access-date=27 May 2021|archive-date=31 March 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220331102410/https://www.rferl.org/a/eldar-ryazanov-films/27398408.html|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>Prokhorova, Elena, "The Man Who Made Them Laugh: Leonid Gaidai, the King of Soviet Comedy", in Beumers, Birgit (2008) ''A History of Russian Cinema'', Berg Publishers, {{ISBN|978-1845202156}}, pp. 519–542</ref> In 1961–68 [[Sergey Bondarchuk]] directed an [[Academy Award|Oscar]]-winning [[War and Peace (film series)|film adaptation]] of Leo Tolstoy's epic ''[[War and Peace]]'', which was [[the most expensive film]] made in the Soviet Union.<ref>Birgit Beumers. ''A History of Russian Cinema''. Berg Publishers (2009). {{ISBN|978-1-84520-215-6}}. p. 143.</ref> In 1969, [[Vladimir Motyl]]'s ''[[White Sun of the Desert]]'' was released, a very popular film in a genre of [[ostern]]; the film is traditionally watched by [[cosmonauts]] before any trip into space.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://filmlinc.com/wrt/onsale08/russian08/whitesunofthedesert.html|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080905102633/http://filmlinc.com/wrt/onsale08/russian08/whitesunofthedesert.html|archive-date=5 September 2008|publisher=Film Society of Lincoln Center|title=White Sun of the Desert|access-date=18 January 2008}}</ref> In 2002, ''[[Russian Ark]]'' was the first feature film ever to be shot in a single take.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.michigandaily.com/uncategorized/russian-ark-history-one-shot/|title='Russian Ark' a history in one shot|work=[[The Michigan Daily]]|first=Jeff|last=Dickerson|date=31 March 2003|access-date=25 May 2021|archive-date=25 May 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210525123421/https://www.michigandaily.com/uncategorized/russian-ark-history-one-shot/|url-status=live}}</ref> Today, the Russian cinema industry continues to expand.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.themoscowtimes.com/2019/01/18/the-revival-of-russias-cinema-industry-a64197|title=The Revival of Russia's Cinema Industry|work=[[The Moscow Times]]|first=Ben|last=Aris|date=18 January 2019|access-date=25 May 2021|archive-date=31 March 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220331103222/https://www.themoscowtimes.com/2019/01/18/the-revival-of-russias-cinema-industry-a64197|url-status=live}}</ref>