Editing Recife (section)

==Culture==
{{see also|Culture of Brazil}}
Recife is home to the [[frevo]], a regional dance and music, typical in carnival, and [[Mangue Beat]], a type of [[Brazilian rock]] with mixture of [[Maracatu]], Ciranda, [[Hip hop music|Rap]] and other musical styles. The Festival de São João, held annually in June, celebrates traditional culture and music that originated in the region.

During carnival, downtown Recife holds one of the most authentic and democratic celebrations: every year more than two and a half million people open the festivities of the Brazilian Carnival at Galo da Madrugada. Recife and Olinda combined<ref>[http://200.238.107.167/web/portalpe/programas?id=727 Miolo_1.pdf Cultura in Fifa 2014 project page 23] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090310133850/http://200.238.107.167/web/portalpe/programas?id=727 |date=March 10, 2009 }}</ref> have 25 museums, 38 art galleries, 2 symphony orchestra halls, 15 theatres, 1 opera house and more than 40 movie theatres.

===Carnival===
{{Main article|Brazilian Carnival}}
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| image1 = Galo da Madrugada, Carnival 2014 - Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil.jpg
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| caption1 = [[Galo da Madrugada]], Recife Carnival.
| image2 = Olinda Carnival - Olinda, Pernambuco, Brazil(6).jpg
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| caption2 = Olinda Carnival, in the historic city of [[Olinda]], near Recife.
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The four-day period before the [[Christianity|Christian]] liturgical preparatory season [[Lent]] leading up to [[Shrove Tuesday]] and [[Ash Wednesday]] is [[carnival]] time in Brazil. Rich and poor alike forget their cares as they gaily party in the streets. [[Pernambuco]] has large Carnival celebrations with more than 3000 shows in the streets of the historic centre performed by over 430 local groups, including the [[Frevo]], typical [[Pernambuco]] music. Another famous carnival music style from Pernambuco is Maracatu. The cities of Recife and [[Olinda]] hold the most authentic and democratic [[Brazilian Carnival]] celebrations. The largest carnival in Brazil is Galo da Madrugada, which takes place in [[Recife Antigo|Downtown Recife]] on Carnival Saturday. Another famous event is the "Noite dos Tambores Silenciosos." (literally, Night of the Silent Drums) Carnival. Recife's Carnival is nationally known, attracting thousands of visitors every year.

The party starts a week before the official date, with electric trios "shaking" the [[Boa Viagem, Recife|Boa Viagem]] neighborhood. On Friday, people take to the streets to dance to the sound of frevo and to dance with maracatu, ciranda, caboclinhos, afoxé, reggae and manguebeat groups. There are still many other entertainment centers spread out around the city, featuring local and national artists. One of the highlights is Saturday when more than two and a half million people follow the [[Galo da Madrugada]] group.<ref>[https://archive.today/20130624215346/http://www.pinpads.co/short-term-rentals/recife/apartment/172341 Carnival in Recife] {{in lang|en}}</ref> Every day, there is the Night of the Silent Drums, on the Pátio do Terço, where [[Maracatu]]s honor [[slave]]s that died in prisons.<ref>[http://othersiderainbow.blogspot.com.br/2008_01_06_archive.html Maracatu in Recife] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140705185911/http://othersiderainbow.blogspot.com.br/2008_01_06_archive.html |date=July 5, 2014 }} {{in lang|en}}</ref>

=== Museums ===
{{Main article|Pernambuco Museums}}
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| caption1 = [[Museu do Estado de Pernambuco|Pernambuco State Museum]].
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| caption2 = [[Francisco Brennand|Francisco Brennand's Ceramic Workshop]]
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The [[Museu do Estado de Pernambuco|Museum of Pernambuco State]] is housed in a 19th-century mansion in Recife. Known locally as the "Museu do Estado de Pernambuco (MEPE)", it dates back to 1929. The museum comprises over 12 thousand pieces from Masters who portrayed the Colonial period and the Dutch invasion (1630), to 20th and 21st century pieces.

'''[[Kahal Zur Israel Synagogue]]:''' Sinagoga Kahal Zur Israel, the historic Recife synagogue in Recife Antigo, is the oldest in the [[Americas]], dating to 1646. The original synagogue was destroyed, but a new one was built on site. In the early 21st century, it was restored for use as a museum. It is an important part of Pernambuco's historic patrimony. It was founded by Jews who settled in the Netherlands after expulsion from Spain and Portugal. They emigrated with the Dutch to "[[Dutch Brazil|New Holland]]" when the Dutch invaded the northeastern portion of Brazilian lands occupied by the Portuguese. [[Moses Cohen Henriques]] led a Jewish 3000 contingent as part of the Dutch invasion.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Week |first=Jew of the |date=2021-12-29 |title=Jew of the Week: Moses Cohen Henriques {{!}} Jew of the Week |url=https://www.jewoftheweek.net/2021/12/29/jew-of-the-week-moses-cohen-henriques/ |access-date=2024-01-13 |language=en-US}}</ref> [[Isaac Aboab da Fonseca|Isaac Aboab de Fonseca]] was brought from [[Amsterdam]] for the synagogue, serving as one of the first rabbis in the new world.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Week |first=Jew of the |date=2016-07-07 |title=Jew of the Week: Isaac Aboab da Fonseca {{!}} Jew of the Week |url=https://www.jewoftheweek.net/2016/07/07/jew-of-the-week-isaac-aboab-da-fonseca/ |access-date=2024-01-13 |language=en-US}}</ref> When the Portuguese reconquered the land, these Sephardic Jews moved further north with the [[Dutch people|Dutch]], and helped found "[[New Amsterdam]]" (now [[New York City]]) on [[Manhattan]] island in the United States.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.alljewishlinks.com/history-timeline-of-jewish-people-in-america/ |title=History Timeline of Jewish People in America &#124;AllJewishLinks.com<!-- Bot generated title --> |access-date=December 17, 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170723055921/http://www.alljewishlinks.com/history-timeline-of-jewish-people-in-america/ |archive-date=July 23, 2017 |url-status=dead }}</ref> The first New York City synagogue was created in Lower Manhattan by the founders of the first synagogue in the New World in Recife. It later moved to the Upper West Side, where it is still called "[[Congregation Shearith Israel|the Portuguese and Spanish Synagogue]]".

'''Gilberto Freyre Foundation:''' This farmhouse from the 18th century was [[Gilberto Freyre]]'s old residence. Artworks, arts and crafts, book collections and objects that belonged to the Pernambucan writer and sociologist are displayed here.

'''Ricardo Brennand Institute:''' Set up in a reproduction of a medieval-style castle, there is a collection of pieces from the period of Dutch rule in Recife, as well as daggers and armor from medieval Europe.

'''Recife City Museum:''' Located in a room in Cinco Pontas Fort (the five-pointed Fort), this museum houses pictures, reproductions of old paintings, and objects that encapsulate Recife since the period of Dutch rule.
{{wide image|Castelo Brennand (Instituto Ricardo Brennand) - Recife - Pernambuco - Brasil(3).jpg|900px|[[Ricardo Brennand Institute]]. The "best museum in South America".<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://g1.globo.com/pernambuco/noticia/2014/09/g1-lista-dez-atracoes-imperdiveis-do-instituto-ricardo-brennand-no-recife.html |title=Museu foi eleito o melhor da América do Sul pelo site turístico TripAdvisor |language=pt |access-date=September 21, 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150913090435/http://g1.globo.com/pernambuco/noticia/2014/09/g1-lista-dez-atracoes-imperdiveis-do-instituto-ricardo-brennand-no-recife.html |archive-date=September 13, 2015 |url-status=dead }}</ref>}}

===Cinema===
{{Main article|Recife Cinema Festival}}
Also known as ''Recife Audiovisual Festival'' or ''Cine-PE'', Recife Cinema Festival is a competitive film and audiovisual festival. It is dedicated to the Brazilian and [[Pernambuco|state]] production of [[feature film|feature]] & short films; as well as [[Streaming media|videos]] and documentaries. It was founded in 1997 by Alfredo & Sandra Bertini, who have been the directors since then. Between 1997 and 2008, 1806 films have been shown<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.cine-pe.com.br/cinepe_2009/home/index.php |title=Recife cinema festival |access-date=September 3, 2009 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20091225031945/http://www.cine-pe.com.br/cinepe_2009/home/index.php |archive-date=December 25, 2009 |url-status=dead }}</ref> (through either competitive applications or National & International invitations), of all types and genres, for a public of over 250,000.

''Recife'' and consequently [[Pernambuco]] has a tradition in the Brazilian film making history. In the pioneer times of the Brazilian cinema emerged the ''Regional movements''. One of those, was designated Ciclo de Recife<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.fundaj.gov.br/notitia/servlet/newstorm.ns.presentation.NavigationServlet?publicationCode=16&pageCode=377&textCode=6763&date=currentDate |title=Fundação Joaquim Nabuco |access-date=September 3, 2009 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110610213702/http://www.fundaj.gov.br/notitia/servlet/newstorm.ns.presentation.NavigationServlet?publicationCode=16&pageCode=377&textCode=6763&date=currentDate |archive-date=June 10, 2011 |url-status=dead }}</ref> ('''Recife cycle'''), between 1922 and 1931. Despite adverse conditions, during this cycle 13 feature films were produced in Recife (usually about drama & romance) and 7 documentary films (usually ordered by authorities to show their public works). Despite the pervasive influence of [[Cinema of the United States|US]] and [[European cinema]]s in the [[silent film]] times, the Recife cycle was one of the most important and productive regional movements. One of the most important films was [[Aitaré da Praia]], which is recognised for pioneering the rise of regional themes (1925). Other successful films were ''Retribuição'' (1923) and ''A Filha do Advogado'' (1926). Another important phase of the Pernambuco/Recife film history was in the 1970s with a movement called [[Super 8mm film|Super 8]], often used for home videos and documentaries made by students, amateurs and aspirant film makers, due to the utilisation of 8&nbsp;mm film, using the new technology released by [[Eastman Kodak|Kodak]].<ref>[http://www.enotes.com/topic/Recife_Cinema_Festival Study Guides, Reference Materials for Science, Literature, History & more – eNotes.com<!-- Bot generated title -->]</ref>

===Cuisine===
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| caption1 = The [[Feijoada|Brazilian feijoada]], considered the Brazil's national dish, was registered for the first time in Recife.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://super.abril.com.br/comportamento/a-feijoada-nao-e-invencao-brasileira/|title=A feijoada não é invenção brasileira|language=pt|publisher=Superinteressante|access-date=September 19, 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170827170830/https://super.abril.com.br/comportamento/a-feijoada-nao-e-invencao-brasileira/|archive-date=August 27, 2017|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://basilio.fundaj.gov.br/pesquisaescolar/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=546:o-carapuceiro-jornal&catid=38:letra-c|title=O Carapuceiro (jornal)|language=pt|publisher=Fundaj|access-date=September 19, 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170909233742/http://basilio.fundaj.gov.br/pesquisaescolar/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=546:o-carapuceiro-jornal&catid=38:letra-c|archive-date=September 9, 2017|url-status=live}}</ref>
| image2 = Bolo de Rolo, doce brasileiro, típico de Pernambuco.jpg
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| caption2 = The [[bolo de rolo]], one of the symbols of [[Pernambuco]].
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The typical regional main dishes include ''caldeirada'' (seafood stew with octopus cooked with various spices and coconut milk, which may be served with [[white beans]] or [[farofa|toasted cassava flour]]), [[feijoada]] Pernambucana (made with brown beans instead of black), [[sarapatel]], buchada (goat stew), dobradinha (bean [[stew]]), roast goat, ''mão de vaca'' (cow's foot stew), ''Rabada'' (ox tail stew with manioc flour), ''cozido Pernambucano'' (beef stew), ''chambaril'', ''galinha de cabidela'' (chicken in blood sauce), ''peixada Pernambucana'' (fish stew), macaxeira com [[charque]] (cassava with beef jerky), ''quiabada'' ([[okra]] with beef), feijão com arroz ([[rice and beans]]), and ''guaiamuns'' (giant [[callinectes|crabs]]). One of the most traditional dishes, is ''[[Carne-de-sol]]'' (Sun-dried beef), which consists of beef dried in the sun and usually served with green beans.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://oriettagggo.us.splinder.com/archive/2010-05?from=112 |title=oriettagggo – Articles and posts about oriettagggo from the best blogs<!-- Bot generated title --> |access-date=December 20, 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111115073000/http://oriettagggo.us.splinder.com/archive/2010-05?from=112 |archive-date=November 15, 2011 |url-status=dead }}</ref>

For dessert, Recife offers ''bolo de rolo'' (cake roll), cake Souza Leão, and cartola (top hat cake) which consists of fried long bananas with cheese topped with cinnamon and sugar. The diversity continues for the breakfast as one can find [[couscous|cuscuz]] of sweet corn or manioc, yams and cassava with charque (corned beef or beef jerky), sweet potato, [[goiabada]], fried long banana, [[canjica (dish)|mugunzá]], regional fruits, bread, [[tapioca]], [[rice pudding]], porridge, yogurt, [[queijo coalho]], corn bread, hominy and [[pamonha]]. Breakfast is often accompanied by coffee and/or milk and juices from regional fruits such as [[cashew]], [[pineapple]], [[mango]]es, [[acerola]], [[guava]], [[passion fruit]], [[umbu]], [[hog plum]], [[Eugenia uniflora|pitanga]], [[jackfruit]], [[orange juice|orange]], [[avocado]] and the regionally most famous [[sugarcane juice|caldo-de-cana]] and [[coconut water|água-de-coco]] juices.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.cityknown.com/Cities/CityGuide.aspx?CityID=120 |title=Recife City Guide<!-- Bot generated title --> |access-date=December 15, 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120426052101/http://www.cityknown.com/Cities/CityGuide.aspx?CityID=120 |archive-date=April 26, 2012 |url-status=dead }}</ref>

According to ''Abrasel'' (Brazilian Association of Bars & Restaurants), Recife has more than 1,700 bars and restaurants which serve regional (partially listed above), Brazilian (such as [[moqueca]], [[bobó de camarão]], [[açaí na tigela|açaí]]) and International dishes from all over the world, which has made it the ''first gastronomic centre of the Northeast''<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://guiadolitoral.uol.com.br/recife-2074_2008.html |title=Cuisine of Recife |access-date=September 30, 2009 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100808165037/http://guiadolitoral.uol.com.br/recife-2074_2008.html |archive-date=August 8, 2010 |url-status=dead }}</ref> and the third one in the whole country after [[São Paulo]] and [[Rio de Janeiro|Rio]].