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=== Contemporary fauna === Beyond the dominant sauropod ''Alamosaurus'' the Javelina Formation is known from a diverse vertebrate fauna throughout its channel, overbank, and lake deposits. Both the pterosaurs ''Quetzalcoatlus'' and ''Wellnhopterus'' are known, and the dinosaur megafauna is represented by the [[ceratopsids]] ''[[Bravoceratops]]'' and ''[[Torosaurus utahensis]]'', [[hadrosaurids]] assigned to ''[[Gryposaurus]]'', ''[[Kritosaurus]]'' and [[Saurolophinae]], [[ankylosaurs]], and an indeterminate species of ''[[Tyrannosaurus]]''.<ref name="lehman2021"/><ref name="lehman2016">{{cite journal |last1=Lehman |first1=Thomas M. |last2=Wick |first2=Steven L. |last3=Wagner |first3=Jonathan R. |year=2016 |title=Hadrosaurian dinosaurs from the Maastrichtian Javelina Formation, Big Bend National Park, Texas |journal=Journal of Paleontology |volume=90 |issue=2 |pages=1β24 |bibcode=2016JPal...90..333L |doi=10.1017/jpa.2016.48 |s2cid=133329640}}</ref> Smaller [[theropods]] including the [[dromaeosaurid]] ''[[Saurornitholestes]]'' and an indeterminate [[troodontid]] have been found, as well as a variety of fishes, smaller reptiles, and [[mammals]].<ref name="lehman2021"/><ref name="tweet2018">{{cite journal |last1=Tweet |first1=J.S. |last2=Santucci |first2=V.L. |year=2018 |title=An Inventory of Non-Avian Dinosaurs from National Park Service Areas |url=http://npshistory.com/publications/paleontology/nmmnhs-79-703.pdf |journal=New Mexico Museum of Natural History and Science Bulletin |volume=79 |pages=703β730}}</ref> Most fishes, smaller reptiles and mammals were found through the screening of [[microfossil]] localities, which also discovered scraps of dinosaurs. Fish include the [[stingray]] ''[[Dasyatis]]'', the [[bowfin]], the gar ''[[Atractosteus]]'', while amphibians include an indeterminate [[frog]], and reptiles are represented by the lizard ''[[Glyptosaurus]]'', the [[snake]] ''[[Dunnophis]]'', and the crocodile ''[[Brachychampsa]]''. Mammals are very common in microfossil sites of both the Black Peaks and Javelina Formations, represented in the latter by the [[multituberculate]]s ''[[Ptilodus]]'', ''[[Mesodma]]'', ''[[Stygimys]]'', and ''[[Viridomys]]'', indeterminate [[theria]]ns, and the [[metatheria]]ns ''[[Peratherium]]'', ''[[Gelastops]]'', ''[[Bryanictis]]'', ''[[Mixodectes]]'', ''[[Palaechthon]]'', ''[[Eoconodon]]'', ''[[Carsioptychus]]'', ''[[Haploconus]]'', ''[[Ellipsodon]]'', and ''[[Promioclaenus]]''.<ref name="standhardt1986">{{cite journal|last=Standhardt|first=B.R.|year=1986|title=Vertebrate paleontology of the Cretaceous/Tertiary transition of Big Bend National Park, Texas|journal=Unpublished Dissertation, Louisiana State University|pages=1β298}}</ref>
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