Editing Political party (section)

===Catch-all parties===
{{Main|Big tent party}}
The term "catch-all party" was developed by German-American political scientist [[Otto Kirchheimer]] to describe the parties that developed in the 1950s and 1960s as a result of changes within the mass parties.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Krouwel |first1=Andre |s2cid=145308222 |title=Otto Kirchheimer and the Catch-All Party |journal=West European Politics |date=2003 |volume=26 |issue=2 |page=24|doi=10.1080/01402380512331341091 |url=https://research.vu.nl/en/publications/2e5dc172-a1b8-40e4-816f-f83dc99ba760 }}</ref><ref name=schumacher/>{{rp|165}} The term "big tent party" may be used interchangeably. Kirchheimer characterized the shift from the traditional mass parties to catch-all parties as a set of developments including the "drastic reduction of the party's ideological baggage" and the "downgrading of the role of the individual party member".<ref>Kirchheimer, Otto (1966). 'The Transformation of Western European Party Systems', in J. LaPalombara and M. Weiner (eds.), ''Political Parties and Political Development''. New Jersey: Princeton University Press, pp. 177–200 [190] {{ISBN?}}</ref> By broadening their central ideologies into more open-ended ones, catch-all parties seek to secure the support of a wider section of the population. Further, the role of members is reduced as catch-all parties are financed in part by the state or by donations.<ref name=schumacher/>{{rp|163–178}} In Europe, the shift of [[Christian Democratic parties]] that were organized around religion into broader [[centre-right]] parties epitomizes this type.<ref>{{cite book |last1=Hague |first1=Rod |last2=McCormick |first2=John |last3=Harrop |first3=Martin |title=Comparative Government and Politics, An Introduction |date=2019 |publisher=Palgrave Macmillan |location=Houndmills |page=272 |edition=11}}</ref>