Editing Plymouth (section)

== Transport ==

===Railway===
{{See also|Railways in Plymouth}}

[[File:43016 and 802113 PLY.jpg|thumb|Inter-city trains at Plymouth station, operated by Great Western Railway]]

[[Plymouth railway station]] is served by two [[train operating companies]]:<ref>{{cite web |title=Station Facilities: Plymouth (PLY) |url=http://www.nationalrail.co.uk/stations/ply.html |access-date=16 November 2008 |publisher=[[National Rail]] Enquiries |archive-date=25 December 2008 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081225114323/http://www.nationalrail.co.uk/stations/ply.html |url-status=live }}</ref>

* [[Great Western Railway (train operating company)|Great Western Railway]] operates inter-city services to {{rws|Penzance}}, {{rws|Exeter St Davids}}, {{rws|Taunton}}, {{rws|Reading}}, {{rws|London Paddington}}, {{rws|Bristol Temple Meads}} and {{rws|Cardiff Central}}; local services run to {{rws|Gunnislake}}. It also manages the station.<ref>{{Cite web |work=Great Western Railway |title=Train Times |date=21 May 2023 |access-date=3 October 2023 |url= https://www.gwr.com/travel-information/train-times |quote=}}</ref>
* [[CrossCountry]] operate services from the [[South West England|South West]] to the [[English Midlands|Midlands]], [[North East England|North East]] and [[Scotland]]; destinations include Bristol, {{rws|Birmingham New Street}}, {{rws|Derby}}, {{rws|Sheffield}}, {{rws|York}}, {{rws|Newcastle}}, {{rws|Edinburgh Waverley}}, {{rws|Glasgow Central}} and {{rws|Aberdeen}}.<ref>{{Cite web |work=CrossCountry |title=Timetables |date=21 May 2023 |access-date=3 October 2023 |url= https://www.crosscountrytrains.co.uk/travel-updates-information/train-timetables |quote=}}</ref>

Smaller stations in the suburban area west of the city centre are served by trains on the [[Tamar Valley Line]] to Gunnislake and local services on the [[Cornish Main Line]], which crosses the Tamar on the [[Royal Albert Bridge]]. This was designed by [[Isambard Kingdom Brunel|Brunel]] and opened in 1859. The parallel road bridge was completed in 1961.

====History====
The station opened on its present site in 1877 and was previously named ''Plymouth North Road'', when there were other main line stations in the city at [[Plymouth Millbay railway station|Millbay]] and [[Plymouth Friary railway station|Friary]]; these have since closed.

====Future====
There have been proposals to reopen the [[Exeter to Plymouth railway of the LSWR]] which would connect [[Cornwall]] and Plymouth to Exeter using the former [[Southern Railway (UK)|Southern Railway]] main line from Plymouth to Exeter via {{rws|Okehampton}}, because the main line through South Devon is vulnerable to damage from rough seas at {{rws|Dawlish}}, where some of the cliffs are also fragile. There are related proposals to reopen part of the old main line from Bere Alston on the [[Plymouth-Gunnislake line]] as far as Tavistock to serve a new housing development but, although the idea has been discussed since 2008, progress has been slow.

===Roads===
The [[A38 road|A38 dual-carriageway]] runs from east to west across the north of the city; within the city, it is known as 'The [[Parkway]]' and represents the boundary between the older parts of the city and more recently developed suburban areas. Heading east, it connects Plymouth to the [[M5 motorway]], about {{convert|40|mi|km|round=5}} away near [[Exeter]]; heading west, it connects Devon with Cornwall via the [[Tamar Bridge]].

===Buses===
Bus services are provided mainly by [[Plymouth Citybus]] and [[Stagecoach South West]], but a few routes are served by smaller local operators. Long distance inter-city bus services terminate at [[Plymouth coach station]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=Plymouth Bus Services |work=Bus Times |date=2023 |access-date=3 October 2023 |url= https://bustimes.org/localities/plymouth |quote=}}</ref>

There are three [[Park and Ride]] services at [[Milehouse]], Coypool ([[Plympton]]) and George Junction ([[Plymouth City Airport]]), which are operated by [[Stagecoach South West]] except Milehouse park and ride. This is served by [[Plymouth Citybus]]<ref>{{cite web |title=Park and ride |url=http://www.plymouth.gov.uk/homepage/transportandstreets/publictransport/parkandride.htm |access-date=16 November 2008 |publisher=Plymouth City Council |archive-date=1 December 2008 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081201191654/http://www.plymouth.gov.uk/homepage/transportandstreets/publictransport/parkandride.htm |url-status=live }}</ref>

=== Ferries ===
[[File:Pont Aven at Millbay.jpg|thumb|left|MV ''Pont-Aven'': Brittany Ferries service to Roscoff, France and Santander, Spain in Millbay Docks]]
A regular international ferry service provided by [[Brittany Ferries]] operates from [[Millbay]] taking cars and foot passengers directly to France ([[Roscoff]]) and Spain ([[Santander, Cantabria|Santander]]) on the three ferries, ''[[MV Armorique (2008)|MV Armorique]]'', ''[[MV Bretagne]]'' and ''[[MV Pont-Aven]]''.<ref>{{cite web |title=Plymouth Ferry Terminal Guide |url=http://www.brittany-ferries.co.uk/guides/port-guide/plymouth-terminal |access-date=11 April 2009 |publisher=[[Brittany Ferries]] |archive-date=27 February 2009 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090227100537/http://www.brittany-ferries.co.uk/guides/port-guide/plymouth-terminal |url-status=live }}</ref> The [[Cremyll Ferry]] is a passenger ferry between [[Stonehouse, Plymouth|Stonehouse]] and the Cornish hamlet of [[Cremyll]], which is believed to have operated continuously since 1204.<ref>{{cite web |title=Cremyll ferry |url=http://www.plymouth.gov.uk/homepage/transportandstreets/publictransport/cremyllferry.htm |access-date=16 November 2008 |publisher=Plymouth City Council |archive-date=4 July 2008 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080704202339/http://www.plymouth.gov.uk/homepage/transportandstreets/publictransport/cremyllferry.htm |url-status=live }}</ref> There is also a pedestrian ferry from the [[Mayflower Steps]] to [[Mount Batten]],<ref>{{cite web |title=Mount Batten Ferry general info |url=http://mountbattenferry.net/info.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090509171018/http://www.mountbattenferry.net/info.html |archive-date=9 May 2009 |access-date=16 November 2008 |publisher=Mount Batten Ferry website}}</ref> and an alternative to using the [[Tamar Bridge]] via the [[Torpoint Ferry]] (vehicle and pedestrian) across the [[River Tamar]].<ref>{{cite web |title=Torpoint ferry |url=http://www.plymouth.gov.uk/torpointferry |access-date=16 November 2008 |publisher=Plymouth City Council |archive-date=9 June 2008 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080609040217/http://www.plymouth.gov.uk/torpointferry |url-status=live }}</ref>

=== Air ===
The city's airport was [[Plymouth City Airport]] about {{convert|4|mi|km|0}} north of the city centre.<ref>{{cite web |title=View of the aircraft parking area and runway at Plymouth City Airport |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/devon/webcams/plymouth_airport_cam.shtml |access-date=16 November 2008 |publisher=The [[BBC]] |archive-date=14 January 2009 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090114043517/http://www.bbc.co.uk/devon/webcams/plymouth_airport_cam.shtml |url-status=live }}</ref>
The airport was home to the local airline [[Air Southwest]],<ref>{{cite web |title=About Us |url=http://www.airsouthwest.com/about/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081011102904/http://www.airsouthwest.com/about/ |archive-date=11 October 2008 |access-date=16 November 2008 |publisher=[[Air Southwest]]}}</ref>
which operated flights across the United Kingdom and Ireland.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.plymouthairport.com/flights/|title=Plymouth City Airport Flights|publisher=[[Plymouth City Airport]]|access-date=16 November 2008|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081028032046/http://www.plymouthairport.com/flights/ <!--Added by H3llBot-->|archive-date=28 October 2008}}</ref> In June 2003, a report by the [[South West of England Regional Development Agency|South West RDA]] was published looking at the future of aviation in the south-west and the possible closure of airports.<ref>{{Cite news |date=6 June 2003 |title=Air strategy for the far South West published |publisher=The [[South West of England Regional Development Agency|South West RDA]] |url=http://www.southwestrda.org.uk/news/release.asp?ReleaseID=814 |url-status=dead |access-date=16 November 2008 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090110094555/http://www.southwestrda.org.uk/news/release.asp?ReleaseID=814 |archive-date=10 January 2009}}</ref> It concluded that the best option for the south-west was to close Plymouth City Airport and expand [[Exeter International Airport]] and [[Newquay Cornwall Airport]], although it did conclude that this was not the best option for Plymouth.<ref>{{Cite news |date=7 June 2003 |title=New blow for city airport |publisher=BBC News |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/england/devon/2970048.stm |access-date=16 November 2008 |archive-date=15 January 2009 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090115083029/http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/england/devon/2970048.stm |url-status=live }}</ref> In April 2011, it was announced that the airport would close,<ref>{{Cite news |date=28 April 2011 |title=Plymouth City Airport to close in December |publisher=BBC News |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-england-devon-13219590 |access-date=30 December 2011 |archive-date=11 February 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120211111644/http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-england-devon-13219590 |url-status=live }}</ref> which it did on 23 December. A local company, FlyPlymouth, put forward plans in 2015 to reopen the airport by 2018, providing daily services to various destinations including London, but as of now, these projects have stalled.<ref>{{Cite news |date=8 May 2015 |title=FlyPlymouth vows to reopen Plymouth City Airport within two years |work=Plymouth Herald|url=http://www.plymouthherald.co.uk/FlyPlymouth-vows-reopen-Plymouth-City-Airport/story-26466154-detail/story.html |url-status=dead |access-date=2 June 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150613071409/http://www.plymouthherald.co.uk/FlyPlymouth-vows-reopen-Plymouth-City-Airport/story-26466154-detail/story.html |archive-date=13 June 2015}}</ref>

=== Cycle routes ===
Plymouth is at the southern end of the {{convert|99|mi|adj=on}} long [[Devon Coast to Coast Cycle Route]] ([[National Cycle Route 27]]). The route runs mostly traffic-free on off-road sections between Ilfracombe and Plymouth. The route uses former railway lines, though there are some stretches on public roads.<ref>{{Cite news |date=4 May 2012 |title=Devon coast to coast {{!}} Britain's best bike rides |work=The Guardian |url=https://www.theguardian.com/travel/2012/may/05/long-distance-rides-devon-coast |access-date=14 September 2017 |archive-date=14 September 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170914172838/https://www.theguardian.com/travel/2012/may/05/long-distance-rides-devon-coast |url-status=live }}</ref>