Editing Peterborough (section)

=== Ethnicity ===
According to the [[2011 United Kingdom census|2011 census]], 82.5% of Peterborough's residents categorised themselves as [[White people|white]], 2.8% of [[Mixed (United Kingdom ethnicity category)|mixed ethnic groups]], 11.7% [[British Asian|Asian]], 2.3% [[Black British|black]] and 0.8% other. Amongst the white population, the largest categories were indigenous groups, those being English/Welsh/Scottish/Northern Irish/British (70.9%), and [[Other White|other white]] (10.6%). Those of [[British Pakistanis|Pakistani ethnicity]] accounted for 6.6% of the population and those of [[British Indians|Indian ethnicity]] 2.5.%. The largest black group were those of African ethnicity (1.4%).<ref name=2011ethnicity>{{cite web |url=http://www.ons.gov.uk/ons/rel/census/2011-census/key-statistics-for-local-authorities-in-england-and-wales/rft-table-ks201ew.xls |title=2011 Census: Ethnic group, local authorities in England and Wales |publisher=Office for National Statistics |date=11 December 2012 |access-date=12 April 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130116113321/http://www.ons.gov.uk/ons/rel/census/2011-census/key-statistics-for-local-authorities-in-england-and-wales/rft-table-ks201ew.xls |archive-date=16 January 2013 |url-status=live}}</ref>

[[File:Pbguildhall.jpg|thumb|right|[[Peterborough Guildhall|The Guildhall]] or [[Market Cross|Butter Cross]] (1669–1671), Cathedral Square, Peterborough]]
Peterborough is home to one of the largest concentrations of [[Italian diaspora|Italian immigrants]] in the UK. This is mainly as a result of [[workforce|labour]] recruitment in the 1950s by the London Brick Company in the southern Italian regions of [[Apulia]] and [[Campania]]. By 1960, approximately 3,000 Italian men were employed by London Brick, mostly at the [[Fletton]] works.<ref>Colpi, Terry ''The Italian Factor: The Italian Community in Great Britain'' (p.149) Mainstream Publishing, Edinburgh, 1991.</ref> In 1962, the [[Missionaries of St. Charles Borromeo|Scalabrini Fathers]], who first arrived in 1956, purchased an old school and converted it into a mission church named after the [[patron saint]] of workers [[Saint Joseph]] (San Giuseppe). By 1991, over 3,000 [[baptism|christenings]] of [[Italian Briton|second-generation Italians]] had been carried out there.<ref>Colpi (p.235).</ref> In 1996, it was estimated that the Italian community of Peterborough numbered 7,000, making it the third largest in the UK after London and [[Bedford]].<ref>{{cite book |url=https://www.sussex.ac.uk/webteam/gateway/file.php?name=paper27.pdf&site=11 |title=Italians in Peterborough: between integration, encapsulation and return |first1=Mariacaterina |last1=Tubito |first2=Russell |last2=King |publisher=University of Sussex |series=Research Papers in Geography |isbn=1874465274 |date=October 1996 |access-date=21 April 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150204202132/https://www.sussex.ac.uk/webteam/gateway/file.php?name=paper27.pdf&site=11 |archive-date=4 February 2015 |url-status=live}}</ref> The 2011 Census recorded 1,179 residents born in Italy.<ref>{{cite web |title=2011 Census: QS203EW Country of birth (detailed), local authorities in England and Wales |url=http://www.ons.gov.uk/ons/rel/census/2011-census/key-statistics-for-local-authorities-in-england-and-wales/rft-table-qs203ew.xls |publisher=Office for National Statistics |date=11 December 2012 |access-date=20 May 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150924115034/http://www.ons.gov.uk/ons/rel/census/2011-census/key-statistics-for-local-authorities-in-england-and-wales/rft-table-qs203ew.xls |archive-date=24 September 2015 |url-status=live}}</ref>

In the late twentieth century the main source of immigration was from new [[Commonwealth of Nations|Commonwealth]] countries.<ref>{{cite web |author=Robinson, Nick |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-politics-22339080 |title=How has immigration changed Britain? |publisher=BBC News |date=30 April 2013 |access-date=16 July 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150420013832/http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-politics-22339080 |archive-date=20 April 2015 |url-status=live}}</ref> The 2011 Census showed that a total of 24,166 migrants moved to Peterborough between 2001 and 2011. The city has experienced significant immigration from the [[A8 countries]] that joined the European Union in 2004, and in 2011, 14,134 residents of the city were people born in Central and Eastern Europe.<ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.peterboroughtoday.co.uk/news/community/community-news/2011-census-show-highest-migration-levels-to-peterborough-in-seven-decades-1-4576279 |title=2011 Census show highest migration levels to Peterborough in seven decades |first=Dawn |last=Fellowes |work=Peterborough Telegraph |date=12 December 2012 |access-date=20 May 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150521032631/http://www.peterboroughtoday.co.uk/news/community/community-news/2011-census-show-highest-migration-levels-to-peterborough-in-seven-decades-1-4576279 |archive-date=21 May 2015 |url-status=dead }}</ref>

According to a report published by the police in 2007, recent migration had resulted in increased translation costs and a change in the nature of crime in the county, with an increase in [[Driving under the influence|drink driving]] offences, knife crime and an international dimension added to activities such as running [[cannabis (drug)|cannabis]] factories and [[trafficking in human beings|human trafficking]]. The number of foreign nationals arrested in the north of the county rose from 894 in 2003, to 2,435 in 2006, but the report also said that "inappropriately negative" community perceptions about migrant workers often complicate routine incidents, raising tensions and turning them "critical". It also noted there was "little evidence that the increased numbers of migrant workers have caused significant or systematic problems in respect of community safety or cohesion".<ref>[http://www.cambs.police.uk/images/newsitem/download/190907growth.pdf The changing demography of Cambridgeshire: implications for policing] {{Webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070927113505/http://www.cambs.police.uk/images/newsitem/download/190907growth.pdf |date=27 September 2007 }} Cambridgeshire Constabulary and Cambridgeshire Police Authority, 19 September 2007.</ref> In 2007, [[Julie Spence]], the then [[Chief Constable]] emphasised that the fact that the demographic profile of Cambridgeshire had changed dramatically from one where 95% of teenagers were white four years previously to one of the country's fastest growing diverse populations, and said it had a positive impact on development and jobs.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.theguardian.com/uk/2007/sep/20/immigrationandpublicservices.immigration |title=Ministers to assess migrant groups' impact on public services |first=Alan |last=Travis |work=The Guardian |date=20 September 2007 |access-date=16 July 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150716101608/http://www.theguardian.com/uk/2007/sep/20/immigrationandpublicservices.immigration |archive-date=16 July 2015 |url-status=live}}</ref> In 2008, the [[BBC]] broadcast ''The Poles are Coming!'', a controversial documentary on the impact of [[Polish people|Polish]] migration to Peterborough by [[Tim Samuels]], as part of its ''White Season''.<ref>[https://www.bbc.co.uk/white/poles.shtml The Poles are Coming!] {{Webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080323024639/http://www.bbc.co.uk/white/poles.shtml |date=23 March 2008 }} Is white working class Britain becoming invisible? A season of programmes on BBC Two (Retrieved 19 March 2008).</ref>

The number of languages in use is growing where previously few languages other than English were spoken. {{As of|2006}}, Peterborough offered classes in Italian, [[Urdu]] and [[Punjabi language|Punjabi]] in its primary schools.<ref>[http://www.cilt.org.uk/pdf/pubs/positively_plurilingual.pdf Positively Plurilingual: The contribution of community languages to UK education and society] {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071128094815/http://www.cilt.org.uk/pdf/pubs/positively_plurilingual.pdf |date=28 November 2007 }} (p.6) CILT the National Centre for Languages, 2006.</ref>