Editing Paul the Apostle (section)

===Last visit to Jerusalem and arrest===
[[File:Paul arrested.jpg|thumb|upright=1|St. Paul's arrest depicted in an early 1900s Bible illustration]]
[[File:St. Paul’s Grotto.jpg|thumb|upright=1|St. Paul's [[grotto]] in [[Rabat, Malta]]]]
In 57 AD, upon completion of his third missionary journey, Paul arrived in Jerusalem for his fifth and final visit with a collection of money for the local community. The Acts of the Apostles reports that initially he  was warmly received. However, Acts goes on to recount how Paul was warned by [[James, brother of Jesus|James]] and the elders that he was gaining a reputation for being [[antinomianism|against the Law]], saying, "they have been told about you that you teach all the Jews living among the Gentiles to forsake Moses, and that you tell them not to circumcise their children or observe the customs."<ref>{{Bibleverse|Acts|21:21}}</ref> Paul underwent a [[Ritual washing in Judaism|purification ritual]] so that "all will know that there is nothing in what they have been told about you, but that you yourself observe and guard the law."<ref>{{Bibleverse|Acts|21:22–26}}</ref>

When the seven days of the purification ritual were almost completed, some "Jews from Asia" (most likely from [[Asia (Roman province)|Roman Asia]]) accused Paul of defiling the temple by bringing gentiles into it. He was seized and dragged out of the temple by an angry mob. When the [[tribune]] heard of the uproar, he and some [[centurion]]s and soldiers rushed to the area. Unable to determine his identity and the cause of the uproar, they placed him in chains.<ref>{{Bibleverse|Acts|21:27–36}}</ref> He was about to be [[Protective custody|taken into the barracks]] when he asked to speak to the people. He was given permission by the Romans and proceeded to tell his story. After a while, the crowd responded. "Up to this point they listened to him, but then they shouted, 'Away with such a fellow from the earth! For he should not be allowed to live.'"<ref>{{bibleverse|Acts|22:22}}</ref> The tribune ordered that Paul be brought into the barracks and interrogated under [[Flagellation|flogging]]. Paul asserted his [[Roman citizenship]], which would [[Valerian and Porcian laws#Porcian laws|prevent his flogging]]. The tribune "wanted to find out what Paul was being accused of by the angry Jerusalemites, the next day he released him and ordered the chief priests and the entire council to meet".<ref>{{bibleverse|Acts|22:30}}</ref> Paul spoke before the council and caused a disagreement between the [[Pharisees]] and the [[Sadducees]]. When this threatened to turn violent, the tribune ordered his soldiers to take Paul by force and return him to the barracks.<ref>{{bibleverse|Acts|23:10}}</ref>

The next morning, 40 Jews "bound themselves by an oath neither to eat nor drink until they had killed Paul",<ref>{{bibleverse|Acts|23:12}}</ref> but the son of Paul's sister heard of the plot and notified Paul, who notified the tribune that the conspiracists were going to ambush him. The tribune ordered two centurions to "Get ready to leave by nine o'clock tonight for Caesarea with two hundred soldiers, seventy horsemen, and two hundred spearmen. Also provide mounts for Paul to ride, and take him safely to [[Antonius Felix|Felix the governor]]."<ref>{{bibleverse|Acts|23:23}}</ref>

Paul was taken to [[Caesarea Maritima|Caesarea]], where the governor ordered that he be kept under guard in Herod's headquarters. "Five days later the high priest Ananias came down with some elders and an attorney, a certain Tertullus, and they reported their case against Paul to the governor."<ref>{{bibleverse|Acts|24:1}}</ref> Both Paul and the Jewish authorities gave a statement "But Felix, who was rather well informed about the Way, adjourned the hearing with the comment, "When Lysias the tribune comes down, I will decide your case."<ref>{{bibleverse|Acts|24:22}}</ref>

[[Antonius Felix|Marcus Antonius Felix]] then ordered the centurion to keep Paul in custody, but to "let him have some liberty and not to prevent any of his friends from taking care of his needs."<ref>{{bibleverse|Acts|24:23}}</ref> He was held there for two years by Felix, until a new governor, [[Porcius Festus]], was appointed. The "chief priests and the leaders of the Jews" requested that Festus return Paul to Jerusalem. After Festus had stayed in Jerusalem "not more than eight or ten days, he went down to Caesarea; the next day he took his seat on the tribunal and ordered Paul to be brought." When Festus suggested that he be sent back to Jerusalem for further trial, Paul exercised his right as a Roman citizen to "appeal unto Caesar".{{sfn|Cross|Livingstone|2005|loc=St Paul}} Finally, Paul and his companions sailed for Rome where Paul was to stand trial for his alleged crimes.{{sfn|Capes|Reeves|Richards|2011|p=203}}

Acts recounts that on the way to Rome for his appeal as a Roman citizen to Caesar, Paul was shipwrecked on Melita, which is present-day [[Malta]],<ref>{{Bibleverse|Acts|27:39–44}}</ref> where the islanders showed him "unusual kindness" and where he was met by [[Saint Publius|Publius]].<ref>{{Bibleverse|Acts|28:1–10}}</ref> From Malta, he travelled to Rome via [[Syracuse, Sicily|Syracuse]], [[Reggio Calabria|Rhegium]], and [[Pozzuoli|Puteoli]].<ref>{{Bibleverse|Acts|28:11–14}}</ref>