Editing Pathology (section)

==Medical training and accreditation==
[[File:UNDmicroscope.jpg|thumb|An anatomical pathology instructor uses a microscope with multiple eyepieces to instruct students in diagnostic microscopy.]]

Becoming a pathologist generally requires [[medical specialty|specialty]]-training after [[medical school]], but individual nations vary some in the [[medical licensing]] required of pathologists.  In the United States, pathologists are physicians ([[Doctor of Osteopathic Medicine|D.O.]] or [[Doctor of Medicine|M.D.]]) who have completed a four-year undergraduate program, four years of medical school training, and three to four years of postgraduate training in the form of a pathology [[medical residency|residency]]. Training may be within two primary specialties, as recognized by the American Board of Pathology: [anatomical pathology and clinical pathology, each of which requires separate board certification. The [[American Osteopathic Board of Pathology]] also recognizes four primary specialties: anatomic pathology, dermatopathology, forensic pathology, and [[laboratory medicine]].  Pathologists may pursue specialised fellowship training within one or more subspecialties of either anatomical or clinical pathology. Some of these subspecialties permit additional board certification, while others do not.<ref>[http://www.abpath.org/default.aspx Homepage] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070630171453/http://www.abpath.org/default.aspx |date=2007-06-30 }} of the American Board of Pathology</ref>

In the United Kingdom, pathologists are physicians licensed by the UK [[General Medical Council]]. The training to become a pathologist is under the oversight of the [[Royal College of Pathologists]]. After four to six years of undergraduate medical study, trainees proceed to a two-year foundation program. Full-time training in histopathology currently lasts between five and five and a half years and includes specialist training in surgical pathology, cytopathology, and autopsy pathology.  It is also possible to take a [[Royal College of Pathologists]] diploma in forensic pathology, dermatopathology, or cytopathology, recognising additional specialist training and expertise and to get specialist accreditation in forensic pathology, [[pediatric pathology]], and neuropathology.  All postgraduate medical training and education in the UK is overseen by the General Medical Council.

In France, pathology is separated into two distinct specialties, anatomical pathology, and clinical pathology. Residencies for both lasts four years. Residency in anatomical pathology is open to physicians only, while clinical pathology is open to both physicians and [[pharmacist]]s. At the end of the second year of clinical pathology residency, residents can choose between general clinical pathology and a specialization in one of the disciplines, but they can not practice anatomical pathology, nor can anatomical pathology residents practice clinical pathology.<ref name="bulletin"/><ref>[http://www.sante.gouv.fr/adm/dagpb/bo/2003/03-05/a0050272.htm ''Reglementation'' for French Residency in Clinical Pathology (Biologie médicale)] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080228225540/http://www.sante.gouv.fr/adm/dagpb/bo/2003/03-05/a0050272.htm |date=2008-02-28 }}</ref>