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== Demographics == '''Population''': {{ru-census|p2010=712,980|p2002=710,275|p1989=634,009|p2021=687357}}{{Historical populations|3=1926|4=226033|7=1959|8=450581|9=1970|10=552581|11=1979|12=596921|13=1989|14=634009|15=2002|16=710275|17=2010|18=712980|19=2021|20=687357|type=|footnote=Source: Census data}}'''Number of refugees''': 12,570<ref>[http://www.regnum.ru/news/1129867.html В 2008 году естественный прирост населения Северной Осетии составил более 2 тыс. человек – Новости России – ИА REGNUM]. Regnum.ru (26 February 2009). Retrieved on 18 August 2012.</ref> '''Life expectancy:'''<ref name="rosstat">{{cite web|url=https://rosstat.gov.ru/folder/210/document/13207 |title=Демографический ежегодник России |publisher=[[Federal State Statistics Service (Russia)|Federal State Statistics Service of Russia]] (Rosstat) |access-date=28 June 2022 |language=ru |trans-title=The Demographic Yearbook of Russia}}</ref><ref name="uiiss">{{cite web |url=https://www.fedstat.ru/indicator/31293 |title=Ожидаемая продолжительность жизни при рождении |website=Unified Interdepartmental Information and Statistical System of Russia |access-date=28 June 2022 |language=ru |trans-title=Life expectancy at birth |archive-date=20 February 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220220124657/https://www.fedstat.ru/indicator/31293 |url-status=dead }}</ref> {|style="text-align: center;" ! ! style="width:7em;"|2019 ! style="width:7em;"|2021 |- | style="text-align: left;"|Average: | 75.8 years | 72.5 years |- | style="text-align: left;"|Male: | 70.5 years | 68.1 years |- | style="text-align: left;"|Female: | 80.6 years | 76.5 years |} <gallery mode="packed" heights="180"> File:Life expectancy in Russian subject -North Ossetia.png|Life expectancy at birth in North Ossetia <ref name="rosstat" /><ref name="uiiss" /> File:Life expectancy in Russian subject -North Ossetia -diff.png|Life expectancy with calculated differences File:Life expectancy in Russia -North Ossetia.png|Life expectancy in North Ossetia in comparison with neighboring regions of the country </gallery> {{clear|left}} === Settlements === {{Largest cities | country = North Ossetia–Alania | stat_ref = 2023 Estimation of Rosstat | list_by_pop = | div_name = | div_link = Administrative divisions of North Ossetia–Alania{{!}}Administrative Division | city_1 = Vladikavkaz | div_1 = Vladikavkaz{{!}}City of republic significance of Vladikavkaz | pop_1 = 292,886 | img_1 = View of Vladikavkaz.jpg | city_2 = Beslan | div_2 = Pravoberezhny District, North Ossetia–Alania{{!}}Pravoberezhny District | pop_2 = 36,011 | img_2 = Вокзал ст. Моздок.jpg | city_3 = Mozdok | div_3 = Mozdoksky District | pop_3 = 35,662 | city_4 = Alagir | div_4 = Alagirsky District | pop_4 = 21,315 | city_5 = Ardon, Republic of North Ossetia–Alania{{!}}Ardon | div_5 = Ardonsky District | pop_5 = 18,915 | city_6 = Elkhotovo | div_6 = Kirovsky District, North Ossetia–Alania{{!}}Kirovsky District | pop_6 = 12,690 | city_7 = Sunzha, North Ossetia–Alania{{!}}Sunzha | div_7 = Prigorodny District, North Ossetia–Alania{{!}}Prigorodny District | pop_7 = 11,068 | city_8 = Nogir, North Ossetia–Alania{{!}}Nogir | div_8 = Prigorodny District, North Ossetia–Alania{{!}}Prigorodny District | pop_8 = 11,947 | city_9 = Digora | div_9 = Digorsky District | pop_9 = 9,994 | city_10 = Kizlyar, North Ossetia–Alania{{!}}Kizlyar | div_10 = Mozdoksky District | pop_10 = 10,970 }} === Vital statistics=== {|class="wikitable" style="text-align:right;" ! <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.gks.ru/dbscripts/cbsd/dbinet.cgi|title=Russian Federal State Statistics Service|date=27 May 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150527224330/http://www.gks.ru/dbscripts/cbsd/dbinet.cgi |archive-date=27 May 2015 }}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.fedstat.ru/ |title=Fed Stat |access-date=5 August 2022 |archive-date=3 August 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220803015015/https://www.fedstat.ru/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> ! Average population (per 1000) ! Live births ! Deaths ! Natural change ! Crude birth rate (per 1000) ! Crude death rate (per 1000) ! Natural change (per 1000) ! Fertility rates |- ! 1970 | 554 | 9,731 | 3,964 | 5,767 | 17.6 | 7.2 | 10.4 | |- ! 1975 | 575 | 10,368 | 4,664 | 5,704 | 18.0 | 8.1 | 9.9 | |- ! 1980 | 598 | 10,135 | 5,821 | 4,314 | 16.9 | 9.7 | 7.2 | |- ! 1985 | 617 | 11,598 | 6,047 | 5,551 | 18.8 | 9.8 | 9.0 | |- ! 1990 | 649 | 10,967 | 6,166 | 4,801 | 16.9 | 9.5 | 7.4 | 2.23 |- ! 1991 | 679 | 10,985 | 6,694 | 4,291 | 16.2 | 9.9 | 6.3 | 2.09 |- ! 1992 | 683 | 10,048 | 7,125 | 2,923 | 14.7 | 10.4 | 4.3 | 1.89 |- ! 1993 | 661 | 8,251 | 7,872 | 379 | 12.5 | 11.9 | 0.6 | 1.67 |- ! 1994 | 666 | 8,806 | 8,329 | 477 | 13.2 | 12.5 | 0.7 | 1.79 |- ! 1995 | 674 | 8,781 | 8,574 | 207 | 13.0 | 12.7 | 0.3 | 1.78 |- ! 1996 | 680 | 8,043 | 8,514 | −471 | 11.8 | 12.5 | −0.7 | 1.62 |- ! 1997 | 681 | 7,758 | 8,378 | −620 | 11.4 | 12.3 | −0.9 | 1.56 |- ! 1998 | 683 | 7,767 | 8,188 | −421 | 11.4 | 12.0 | −0.6 | 1.56 |- ! 1999 | 689 | 7,195 | 8,412 | −1,217 | 10.4 | 12.2 | −1.8 | 1.43 |- ! 2000 | 699 | 7,179 | 8,626 | −1,447 | 10.3 | 12.3 | −2.0 | 1.39 |- ! 2001 | 707 | 7,317 | 8,205 | −888 | 10.3 | 11.6 | −1.3 | 1.39 |- ! 2002 | 709 | 7,874 | 8,753 | −879 | 11.1 | 12.3 | −1.2 | 1.47 |- ! 2003 | 709 | 7,978 | 8,952 | −974 | 11.3 | 12.6 | −1.4 | 1.48 |- ! 2004 | 707 | 7,893 | 8,663 | −770 | 11.2 | 12.2 | −1.1 | 1.46 |- ! 2005 | 706 | 7,894 | 8,654 | −760 | 11.2 | 12.3 | −1.1 | 1.46 |- ! 2006 | 706 | 8,308 | 8,138 | 170 | 11.8 | 11.5 | 0.2 | 1.53 |- ! 2007 | 706 | 9,556 | 7,806 | 1,750 | 13.5 | 11.1 | 2.5 | 1.76 |- ! 2008 | 708 | 9,981 | 7,975 | 2,006 | 14.1 | 11.3 | 2.8 | 1.83 |- ! 2009 | 710 | 10,017 | 7,987 | 2,030 | 14.1 | 11.3 | 2.9 | 1.84 |- ! 2010 | 712 | 10,303 | 7,748 | 2,555 | 14.5 | 10.8 | 3.7 | 1.88 |- ! 2011 | 715 | 10,375 | 7,720 | 2,655 | 14.5 | 10.8 | 3.7 | 1.88 |- ! 2012 | 708 | 10,801 | 7,525 | 3,276 | 15.3 | 10.6 | 4.7 | 1.96 |- ! 2013 | 705 | 10,760 | 7,394 | 3,366 | 15.3 | 10.5 | 4.8 | 1.98 |- ! 2014 | 705 | 10,798 | 7,554 | 3,244 | 15.3 | 10.7 | 4.6 | 2.01 |- ! 2015 | 704 | 10,341 | 7,558 | 2,783 | 14.6 | 10.7 | 3.9 | 1.93 |- ! 2016 | 704 | 9,916 | 7,296 | 2,620 | 14.1 | 10.3 | 3.8 | 1.89 |- ! 2017 | 702 | 8,992 | 7,151 | 1,841 | 12.8 | 10.2 | 2.6 | 1.75 |- ! 2018 | | 9,120 | 7,145 | 1,975 | 13.0 | 10.2 | 2.8 | 1.83 |- ! 2019 | | 8,589 | 7,220 | 1,369 | 12.3 | 10.3 | 2.0 | 1.75 |- ! 2020 | | 8,157 | 8,361 | -204 | 11.7 | 12.0 | -0.3 | 1.72 |- ! 2021 | | 8,091 | 9,784 | -1,693 | 11.7 | 14.1 | -2.4 | 1.71 |- ! 2022 | | 7,470 | 7,885 | -415 | 10.9 | 11.5 | -0.6 | 1.59 |- ! 2023 | | 7,187 | 6,767 | 420 | 10.6 | 9.9 | 0.7 | 1.52 |- ! 2024 | | 7,237 | 6,655 | 582 | 10.7 | 9.8 | 0.9 | 1.61 |} === Ethnic groups === The majority of the population of North Ossetia are Christians who belong to the [[Russian Orthodox Church]], although there is also a [[Islam in North Ossetia–Alania|Muslim]] minority who are of [[Ossetic language|Ossetian]]-speaking origin. According to the [[Russian Census (2021)|2021 Census]],<ref name=census2021>{{cite web|title=Национальный состав населения|url=https://rosstat.gov.ru/storage/mediabank/Tom5_tab1_VPN-2020.xlsx|publisher=[[Federal State Statistics Service (Russia)|Federal State Statistics Service]]|accessdate=30 December 2022}}</ref> [[Ossetians]] make up 68.1% of the republic’s population. Other groups include [[Russians]] (18.9%), [[Ingush people|Ingush]] (3.8%), [[Kumyks]] (2.8%), [[Armenians]] (1.8%), [[Georgian people|Georgians]] (1.0%), and a host of smaller groups, each accounting for less than 1% of the total population. {| class="wikitable" style="text-align: right;" |- style="background:#e0e0e0;" ! rowspan="2" | Ethnic<br />group ! colspan="2" | 1926 Census<sup>1</sup> ! colspan="2" | 1939 Census ! colspan="2" | 1959 Census ! colspan="2" | 1970 Census ! colspan="2" | 1979 Census ! colspan="2" | 1989 Census ! colspan="2" | 2002 Census ! colspan="2" | 2010 Census ! colspan="2" | 2021 Census<sup>2</sup> |- style="background:#e0e0e0;" ! Number ! % ! Number ! % ! Number ! % ! Number ! % ! Number ! % ! Number ! % ! Number ! % ! Number ! % ! Number ! % |- | style="text-align:left;"| [[Ossetians]] | 141,723 |49.6% | 165,616 |50.3% | 215,463 |47.8% | 269,326 |48.7% | 299,022 |50.5% | 334,876 |53.0% | 445,310 |62.7% | 459,688 |65.1% | 439,949 |68.1% |- | style="text-align:left;"| [[Russians]] | 68,192 |23.8% | 122,614 |37.2% | 178,654 |39.6% | 202,367 |36.6% | 200,692 |33.9% | 189,159 |29.9% | 164,734 |23.2% | 147,090 |20.8% | 122,240 |18.9% |- | style="text-align:left;"| [[Ingush people|Ingush]] | 23,851 |8.3% | 6,106 |1.9% | 6,071 |1.3% | 18,387 |3.3% | 23,663 |4.0% | 32,783 |5.2% | 21,442 |3.0% | 28,336 |4.0% | 24,285 |3.8% |- | style="text-align:left;"| [[Kumyks]] | 3,153 |1.1% | 85 |0.0% | 3,921 |0.9% | 6,363 |1.2% | 7,610 |1.3% | 9,478 |1.5% | 12,659 |1.8% | 16,092 |2.3% | 18,054 |2.8% |- |align="left"| [[Armenians]] | 9,185 |3.2% | 8,932 |2.7% | 12,012 |2.7% | 13,355 |2.4% | 12,912 |2.2% | 13,619 |2.2% | 17,147 |2.4% | 16,235 |2.3% | 11,668 |1.8% |- | style="text-align:left;"| [[Georgians]] | 6,057 |2.1% | 6,312 |1.9% | 8,160 |1.8% | 10,323 |1.9% | 11,347 |1.9% | 12,284 |1.9% | 10,803 |1.5% | 9,095 |1.3% | 6,756 |1.0% |- | style="text-align:left;"| [[Ukrainians]] | 19,101 |6.7% | 7,063 |2.1% | 9,362 |2.1% | 9,250 |1.7% | 10,574 |1.8% | 10,088 |1.6% | 5,198 |0.7% | 3,251 |0.4% | 925 |0.1% |- | style="text-align:left;"| Others | 14,690 |5.1% | 12,477 |3.8% | 16,938 |3.8% | 23,210 |4.2% | 26,182 |4.4% | 30,141 |4.8% | 32,982 |4.6% | 26,636 |3.8% | 22,418 |3.5% |- | style="text-align:left;" colspan="19"| <sup>1</sup> <small>The results of the 1926 census refer to the present territory, which is a combination of the North Ossetian AO, the city of Vladikavkaz and adjacent areas.</small><ref>[http://www.ethno-kavkaz.narod.ru/rnnossetia.html население северной осетии]. Ethno-kavkaz.narod.ru. Retrieved on 18 August 2012.</ref> <sup>2</sup> <small>41,062 people were registered from administrative databases, and could not declare an ethnicity. It is estimated that the proportion of ethnicities in this group is the same as that of the declared group.</small><ref>[http://www.perepis-2010.ru/news/detail.php?ID=6936 Перепись-2010: русских становится больше] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181225111852/http://www.gks.ru/free_doc/new_site/perepis2010/croc/perepis_itogi1612.htm |date=25 December 2018 }}. Perepis-2010.ru (19 December 2011). Retrieved on 18 August 2012.</ref> |} === Languages === {{Main|Ossetian language}} There are two official languages in North Ossetia: [[Russian language|Russian]], which is official in all Russian territory, and [[Ossetian language|Ossetian]]. Ossetian is an [[Indo-European languages|Indo-European]] language, belonging to the [[East Iranian languages|East Iranian]] group. Ossetian is the only Iranic language spoken natively in Europe that survives to this day. Russian, acting as a [[lingua franca]] in the region, is an [[East Slavic languages|East Slavic]] language and as such also belongs to the Indo-European family, which means the two languages are related, albeit distantly. === Religion === {{Bar box |title=Religion in North Ossetia–Alania as of 2012 (Sreda Arena Atlas)<ref name="2012ArenaAtlas">[http://sreda.org/en/arena "Arena: Atlas of Religions and Nationalities in Russia"]. Sreda, 2012.</ref><ref name="2012Arena-religion-maps">[http://c2.kommersant.ru/ISSUES.PHOTO/OGONIOK/2012/034/ogcyhjk2.jpg 2012 Arena Atlas Religion Maps]. "Ogonek", № 34 (5243), 27/08/2012. Retrieved 21 April 2017. [https://web.archive.org/web/20170421154615/http://c2.kommersant.ru/ISSUES.PHOTO/OGONIOK/2012/034/ogcyhjk2.jpg Archived].</ref> |float=right |bars= {{Bar percent|[[Russian Orthodox Church|Russian Orthodoxy]]|DarkOrchid|49.2}} {{Bar percent|Other [[Eastern Orthodox Church|Orthodox]]|MediumOrchid|2.4}} {{Bar percent|[[Protestantism in Russia|Protestantism]]|Navy|0.8}} {{Bar percent|Other [[Christianity in Russia|Christians]]|DeepSkyBlue|9.8}} {{Bar percent|[[Islam in Russia|Islam]]|Green|4}} {{Bar percent|[[Uatsdin]] and other native faiths|Red|29.4}} {{Bar percent|[[Spiritual but not religious]]|DarkSlateGray|0.8}} {{Bar percent|[[Atheism]] and [[irreligion]]|Black|3}} {{Bar percent|Other and undeclared|Gray|0.6}} }} According to a 2012 survey which interviewed 56,900 people,<ref name="2012ArenaAtlas" /> 49% of the population of North Ossetia–Alania adheres to the [[Russian Orthodox Church]], 10% declare to be [[nondenominational Christianity|unaffiliated]] [[Christianity|Christian]] believers, 2% are either Orthodox Christian believers who do not belong to churches or members of non-Russian Orthodox bodies. The second-largest religion is [[Ossetians|Ossetian]] [[ethnic religion]], generally called [[Uatsdin]] (Уацдин, "True Faith"), a [[Scythian religion]] organized into movements such as the ''Atsata'' Church, comprising 29% of the population. [[Muslim]]s constitute 4% of the population, and [[Protestantism|Protestants]] the 1%. In addition, 1% of the population declares to be "[[spiritual but not religious]]" and 3% to be [[atheism|atheist]].<ref name="2012ArenaAtlas" /> === Education === [[File:Здание СОГУ.jpg|thumb|[[North Ossetia State University]]]] The most important facilities of higher education include [[North Caucasus State Technological University]], [[North Ossetian State University]], [[North Ossetian State Medical Academy]], and [[Mountain State Agrarian University]] – all in Vladikavkaz.
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