Editing Non-lethal weapon (section)

==Area denial==
{{Main|Area denial weapons}}
Area denial weapons work by either incapacitating or deterring the enemy.{{citation needed|date=April 2022}}

===Anti-vehicle===
[[File:Caltrop from Vietnam 1968.jpg|thumb|right|Iron caltrops]] 
Vehicle stoppers include a wide range of methods and devices meant to disable a vessel or vehicle to prevent attack by an oncoming vessel or vehicle or to stop that vessel or vehicle for evaluation. Vessel and vehicle stoppers may include kinetic, chemical, or electromagnetic means.<ref name=Bunker1997>{{cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=aoZYYz1ZieYC&pg=PA7 |page=7 |last=Bunker |first=Robert J. |title=Nonlethal Weapons: Terms and References |publisher=DIANE Publishing |year=1997 |isbn=142899193X |volume=15 |series=INSS occasional paper |author2=USAF Institute for National Security Studies}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://phys.org/news/2013-12-pulses-immobilize-cars-rf-safe-stop.html|title=Pulses immobilize cars with RF Safe-Stop from e2v|website=phys.org}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://savelec-project.eu/|title=Savelec project - Home Page|access-date=2014-10-25|archive-date=2017-07-04|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170704154456/http://savelec-project.eu/|url-status=dead}}</ref>

=== Anti-personnel ===
==== Caltrops ====
Simple rows or clusters of sharpened sticks (also known as [[punji stick]]s), and the use of small [[caltrops]] have been a feature of anti-[[infantry]] warfare for centuries.<ref name="Cal">"[http://www.historynet.com/magazines/military_history/3805676.html Weaponry: The Caltrop]", Reid, Robert W., originally in ''[[Military History (magazine)|Military History]]'', August 1998</ref> They are known to have been in use since Roman times and may have been used earlier: the concept was familiar to the 4th century BC Greeks, who used rocks, brush, nets and trees placed in the path of enemy conveyances on land or ensnarement devices hidden under water to achieve the same result: stop the enemy or suspected hostile in his tracks for examination or to prevent or limit incursions. Contemporary caltrops look something like large jacks from the childhood game. Placed in the path of oncoming wheeled or tracked vehicles, they are meant to foul wheels, destroy tires and tracks, and incapacitate vehicles.<ref name=Bunker1997/>

However, due to the difficulty of mass-producing them in the pre-modern age, they were rarely used except in the defense of limited areas or chokepoints, especially during sieges, where they were used to help seal breaches. Increasing ease of production still did not prevent these methods from slowly falling out of favor from the late Middle Ages onward.<ref name="Cal"/>
  
Caltrops are still sometimes used in modern conflicts, such as during the [[Korean War]], where Chinese troops, often wearing only light shoes, were particularly vulnerable.<ref name="Cal"/> In modern times, special caltrops are also sometimes used against wheeled vehicles with pneumatic tires. Some South American urban guerrillas as the [[Tupamaros]] and [[Montoneros]] called them "miguelitos" and used these as a tactic to avoid pursuit after ambushes.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://rcci.net/globalizacion/2008/fg747.htm|title=Tupamaros. De las armas a las urnas|website=rcci.net}}</ref>