Editing New Year's Day (section)

==Traditional and modern celebrations and customs==

===New Year's Eve===
{{Main|New Year's Eve}}
[[File:Cotechino-Servito-Polenta-Lenticchie.jpg|thumb|[[Cotechino]], [[polenta]] and [[lentil]]s, traditionally eaten in Italy on New Year's Eve dinner]]

In the [[Gregorian calendar]], [[New Year's Eve]], also known as Old Year's Day, refers to the evening or the entire day of the last day of the year, 31 December. In many countries, New Year's Eve is celebrated with dancing, eating, drinking, and watching or lighting [[fireworks]]. Some [[Christians]] attend a [[watchnight service]] to mark the occasion. The celebrations generally go on past midnight into New Year's Day, [[January 1|1 January]].

The first places to welcome the [[New Year]] are the [[Line Islands]] (part of [[Kiribati]]), [[Samoa]] and [[Tonga]], in the [[Pacific Ocean]]. In contrast, [[American Samoa]], [[Baker Island]] and [[Howland Island]] (part of the [[United States Minor Outlying Islands]]) are among the last.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/2016/12/29/new-years-eve-2017-around-world/ |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20220110/https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/2016/12/29/new-years-eve-2017-around-world/ |archive-date=10 January 2022 |url-access=limited |url-status=live|title=New Year's Eve: When is it 2017 around the world??|date=31 December 2016|access-date=19 May 2021|work=[[The Daily Telegraph]]|author=Emily Allen}}{{cbignore}}</ref>

The first of January represents the fresh start of a new year after a period of remembrance of the passing year, including on radio, television, and in newspapers, which starts in early December in countries around the world. Publications have year-end articles that review the changes during the previous year. In some cases, publications may set their entire year's work alight in the hope that the smoke emitted from the flame brings new life to the company. There are also articles on planned or expected changes in the coming year.

This day is traditionally a [[Religious festival|religious feast]], but since [[1900–1909|the 1900s]] has also become an occasion to celebrate the night of 31&nbsp;December—New Year's Eve—with parties, public celebrations (often involving [[firework]]s shows) and other traditions focused on the impending arrival of [[midnight]] and the new year. [[Watchnight service]]s are also still observed by many.<ref name="BOW">{{Cite web |title=Watch Night services provide a spiritual way to bring in New Year |url=http://www.interpretermagazine.org/interior.asp?ptid=43&mid=11612 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120301064835/http://www.interpretermagazine.org/interior.asp?ptid=43&mid=11612 |archive-date=1 March 2012 |access-date=28 December 2011 |publisher=[[The United Methodist Church]] |pages=288–294 |quote=The service is loosely constructed with singing, spontaneous prayers, and testimonials, and readings, including the Covenant Renewal service from The United Methodist Book of Worship}}</ref>

===New Year's Day===
[[File:Pisa, Piazza dei Cavalieri, Capodanno Pisano 2019.jpg|thumb|right|[[Pisa]]n New Year's Day celebrations, Italy]]
[[File:Wien - Musikverein, großer Saal.JPG|thumb|right|The Golden Hall of the [[Wiener Musikverein]], traditional site of the [[Vienna New Year's Concert]].]]
[[File:2023 Rose Parade Wizard of Oz.jpg|thumb|right|A ''[[The Wizard of Oz (1939 film)|The Wizard of Oz]]''-themed float at the 2023 [[Rose Parade]] in [[Pasadena, California|Pasadena]], California.]]
[[File:Nieuwjaarsduik.jpg|thumb|right|A scene of the "[[polar bear plunge]]", or ''Nieuwjaarsduik'', at [[Scheveningen]], Netherlands.]]

The celebrations and activities held worldwide on 1 January as part of New Year's Day commonly include the following:
* [[Pisa]]n New Year's Day celebrations was a particular type of calendar in use in [[Pisa]], Italy, and other areas of present-day [[Tuscany]] until the mid-18th century, which started the year on 25 March (the feast of the [[Annunciation]] of the [[Virgin Mary]] according to the liturgical calendar), anticipating its beginning by nine months and seven days compared to the "modern style" or "Circumcision style", still in use today, which indicates 1 January as the first day of the year;
*Several major [[parade]]s are held on New Year's Day, including the [[London's New Year's Day Parade]], [[Pasadena, California|Pasadena]]'s [[Tournament of Roses Parade]] (also known as the "Rose Parade"), and [[Philadelphia]]'s [[Mummers Parade]]. In the Bahamas, it is also associated with [[Junkanoo]]s.
*Beginning in the 2010s, it is also the day that [[First Day Hikes]] takes place in the [[State park#United States of America|fifty state park systems of the United States]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=History of America's State Parks First Day Hikes |url=https://www.parks.ca.gov/?page_id=29786 |access-date=4 January 2018 |publisher=California Department of Parks and Recreation |archive-date=18 December 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171218232458/https://www.parks.ca.gov/?page_id=29786 |url-status=live }}</ref>
*The [[Vienna Philharmonic]] orchestra traditionally performs a [[Vienna New Year's Concert|New Year's concert]] on the morning of New Year's Day.
*A "[[polar bear plunge]]" is a common tradition in some countries, where participants gather on beaches and run into the cold water. [[Polar Bear Clubs]] in many [[Northern Hemisphere]] cities have a tradition of holding organized plunges on New Year's Day, and they are often held to raise money for [[Charitable organisation|charity]].
*In [[Ireland]], New Year's Day was called ''Lá na gCeapairí'', or the day of the buttered bread. A possible meaning to the consumption of buttered bread was to ward off hunger and famine in the coming year, by placing the buttered bread on the doorstep in the morning. Some traditions saw parties of young people calling from house to house to receive buttered bread and occasionally [[Poitín]],<ref>{{Cite book |last=Mahon |first=Bríd |url=https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/39935389 |title=Land of milk and honey : the story of traditional Irish food and drink |date=1998 |publisher=Mercier Press |isbn=978-1-85635-210-9 |location=Dublin |pages=148 |oclc=39935389 |access-date=22 December 2020 |archive-date=30 October 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221030030219/https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/39935389 |url-status=live }}</ref> or to give out buttered bread in exchange for pennies. This tradition has since died out, having been popular in the 19th century, and waning in the 1930s and 1940s.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Tanis |first=David |date=28 December 2015 |title=A New Day of the Buttered Bread Has Dawned (Published 2015) |language=en-US |work=The New York Times |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2015/12/30/dining/soda-bread-barmbrack-new-years-day-recipes.html |access-date=22 December 2020 |issn=0362-4331 |archive-date=8 November 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201108155624/http://www.nytimes.com/2015/12/30/dining/soda-bread-barmbrack-new-years-day-recipes.html |url-status=live }}</ref>
*In [[Japan]], [[Korea]] and areas inhabited by the [[Inuit]], [[Yupik peoples|Yupik]], [[Aleut]], [[Chukchi people|Chukchi]] and the [[Iñupiat]], watching the [[first sunrise]] is a tradition.
*In the United Kingdom and United States, New Year's Day is associated with several prominent sporting events:
**In the United States, 1 January is the traditional date for several major post-season [[college football]] [[bowl games]], including the [[Citrus Bowl]] in [[Orlando, Florida|Orlando]], the [[Outback Bowl]] in [[Tampa, Florida|Tampa]], the [[Rose Bowl Game]] in Pasadena, and the [[Sugar Bowl]] in [[New Orleans]]. Since 2025, the Rose and Sugar Bowl games have hosted two of the [[College Football Playoff]] quarter-finals, but will move to mid-January to host the semi-finals every three years.<ref>{{cite news |last=Sallee |first=Barrett |date=2 May 2023 |title=College Football Playoff schedule, dates set for 2024, 2025 seasons with field expanding to 12 teams |url=https://www.cbssports.com/college-football/news/college-football-playoff-schedule-dates-set-for-2024-2025-seasons-with-field-expanding-to-12-teams/ |accessdate=9 January 2024 |website=[[CBS Sports]]}}</ref> Since 2008, the [[National Hockey League]] has hosted an annual [[NHL outdoor games|outdoor game]], the ''[[NHL Winter Classic|Winter Classic]]'', which rotates between different host teams annually, and usually showcases a major regional [[List of NHL rivalries|rivalry]].<ref>{{Cite web |last=Salao |first=Colin |date=2024-12-06 |title=NHL Winter Classic Shifts to Jan. 1 Seeking Viewership Boost |url=https://frontofficesports.com/nhl-winter-classic-shifts-to-new-years-eve-seeking-viewership-boost/ |access-date=2024-12-08 |website=Front Office Sports |language=en}}</ref> If New Year's Day falls on a Sunday, sporting events and associated festivities (such as the Rose Parade) traditionally held on New Year's Day are typically deferred to the following Monday in defense of the [[National Football League]]—which plays a Sunday game day as normal.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Molinari |first=Dave |date=February 5, 2016 |title=Penguins, Flyers planning home-and-home series of outdoors games |url=https://www.post-gazette.com/sports/penguins/2016/02/05/Pittsburgh-Penguins-Philadelphia-Flyers-reportedly-working-on-home-and-home-series-of-outdoors-games/stories/201602050250 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160207054201/https://www.post-gazette.com/sports/penguins/2016/02/05/Pittsburgh-Penguins-Philadelphia-Flyers-reportedly-working-on-home-and-home-series-of-outdoors-games/stories/201602050250 |archive-date=7 February 2016 |access-date=7 January 2020 |work=Pittsburgh Post-Gazette |language=en}}</ref> In 2025, the NHL experimented with pushing the Winter Classic ahead to New Year's Eve to avoid competition from the College Football Playoff.<ref>{{Cite web |last=McCarthy |first=Michael |date=2025-01-03 |title=NHL Shouldn’t Panic About Worst-Ever Winter Classic Ratings |url=https://frontofficesports.com/nhl-winter-classic-lowest-ratings-2025/ |access-date=2025-01-06 |website=Front Office Sports |language=en}}</ref>
**The [[Premier League]] in English [[Association football|football]] traditionally holds a fixture of matches on New Year's Day,<ref>{{Cite web |date=12 December 2019 |title=BT Sport to offer no-contract monthly pass for first time |url=https://www.digitaltveurope.com/2019/12/12/bt-sport-to-offer-no-contract-monthly-pass-for-first-time/ |access-date=7 January 2020 |website=Digital TV Europe |language=en-GB |archive-date=19 December 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191219191609/https://www.digitaltveurope.com/2019/12/12/bt-sport-to-offer-no-contract-monthly-pass-for-first-time/ |url-status=live }}</ref> stemming from the historic tradition of games being played over the Christmas holiday period (including, just as prominently, [[Boxing Day]]).<ref>{{Cite news |last=Murray |first=Scott |date=24 December 2015 |title=A brief guide to … English football over the Christmas holiday |language=en-GB |work=The Guardian |url=https://www.theguardian.com/sport/2015/dec/24/christmas-soccer-holiday-field-notes |access-date=7 January 2020 |issn=0261-3077 |archive-date=7 October 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201007174304/https://www.theguardian.com/sport/2015/dec/24/christmas-soccer-holiday-field-notes |url-status=live }}</ref>
**The final of the [[PDC World Darts Championship]] typically falls on New Year's Day.<ref>{{Cite news |last=McVeigh |first=Niall |date=31 December 2019 |title=Sport in 2020 calendar: your month-by-month guide to the year ahead |language=en-GB |work=The Guardian |url=https://www.theguardian.com/sport/2019/dec/31/sport-in-2020-calendar-your-month-by-month-guide-to-the-year-ahead |access-date=7 January 2020 |issn=0261-3077 |archive-date=27 November 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201127175417/https://www.theguardian.com/sport/2019/dec/31/sport-in-2020-calendar-your-month-by-month-guide-to-the-year-ahead |url-status=live }}</ref>
**The [[Cheltenham Racecourse]] holds a New Year's Day fixture, which includes the [[Fairlawne Handicap Chase]], [[Dipper Novices' Chase]], and [[Relkeel Hurdle]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=Paddy Power returns to sponsorship at Cheltenham on New Year's Day |url=https://www.racingpost.com/news/paddy-power-returns-to-sponsorship-at-cheltenham-on-new-years-day/415005 |access-date=7 January 2020 |website=[[Racing Post]] |archive-date=4 August 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200804092158/https://www.racingpost.com/news/paddy-power-returns-to-sponsorship-at-cheltenham-on-new-years-day/415005 |url-status=live }}</ref>
*New Year's Day is a government and bank holiday in many countries.
*In the [[Southern United States]], a variety of foods considered lucky are cooked and consumed on New Year's Day, including [[hopping John]], red beans and rice, and [[collard greens]].<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.southernliving.com/food/holidays-occasions/new-years-recipes-traditions|work=Southern Living|title=25 Traditional New Year's Recipes To Cook Up Lots Of Good Luck|date=17 November 2023|access-date=16 December 2023|archive-date=17 December 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231217035732/https://www.southernliving.com/food/holidays-occasions/new-years-recipes-traditions|url-status=live}}</ref>
*In [[Sweden]], [[pizza]] orders spike with some pizzerias bringing in extra staff to handle a surge in demand.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Nilsson |first=Rut-Anna |date=2025-01-01 |title=Pizzeriornas nyårsdag: "Vi har gjort över 200 beställningar" |url=https://www.hallandsposten.se/nyheter/halmstad/hogt-tryck-pa-pizzeriorna-under-nyarsdagen-over-200-bestallningar-.55300d98-14cf-4deb-bd0b-611178724c1b |access-date=2025-01-02 |work=[[Hallandsposten]] |language=sv}}</ref> Swedish media have described it as 'Pizza Day'.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Carp |first=Ossi |last2=Dutt |first2=Sujay |date=2015-12-31 |title='Det heter inte nyårsdagen – vi säger pizzadagen' |url=https://www.dn.se/nyheter/sverige/det-heter-inte-nyarsdagen-vi-sager-pizzadagen/ |access-date=2025-01-02 |work=[[Dagens Nyheter]] |language=sv |issn=1101-2447}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |last=Ericson |first=Andreas |date=2025-01-01 |title=Efter veckor av planering – nu är stora pizzadagen här |url=https://sverigesradio.se/artikel/efter-veckor-av-planering-nu-ar-stora-pizzadagen-har |access-date=2025-01-02 |work=[[Sveriges Radio P4]] Örebro |language=sv}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |last=Lidesjö |first=Jens |date=2025-01-01 |title=Så laddade pizzeriorna upp inför stora "pizzadagen" |url=https://www.vimmerbytidning.se/nyheter/vimmerby/hultsfred/artikel/sa-laddade-pizzeriorna-upp-infor-stora-pizzadagen/l7y300xl |access-date=2025-01-02 |work=[[Vimmerby Tidning]] |language=sv}}</ref>

===Music===
Music associated with New Year's Day comes in both classical and popular genres, and there is also [[Christmas music|Christmas song]] focus on the arrival of a new year during the [[Christmas and holiday season]].
*[[Paul Gerhardt]] wrote the text for a hymn for the turn of the year, "[[Nun lasst uns gehn und treten]]", first published in 1653.
*[[Johann Sebastian Bach]], in the [[Orgelbüchlein]], composed three chorale preludes for the new year: ''Helft mir Gotts Güte preisen'' ["Help me to praise God's goodness"] (BWV 613); ''Das alte Jahr vergangen ist'' ["The old year has passed"] (BWV 614); and ''In dir ist freude'' ["In you is joy"] (BWV 615).<ref>{{Cite web |title=Table of Contents: Orgelbüchlein |url=https://libweb.grinnell.edu/vufind/Record/.b22618132/TOC |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171201051409/https://libweb.grinnell.edu/vufind/Record/.b22618132/TOC |archive-date=1 December 2017 |access-date=19 November 2017 |website=libweb.grinnell.edu}}</ref>
*''The year is gone, beyond recall'' is a traditional Christian hymn to give thanks for the new year, dating back to 1713.<ref>{{Cite web |title=The Year Is Gone, Beyond Recall |url=http://www.hymntime.com/tch/htm/y/e/a/yearigbc.htm |website=hymntime.com |access-date=19 November 2017 |archive-date=4 October 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121004184238/http://www.hymntime.com/tch/htm/y/e/a/yearigbc.htm |url-status=dead }}</ref>
*In English-speaking countries, it is traditional to sing [[Auld Lang Syne]] at midnight on New Year's.

===New Year's Day babies===
A common image used, often as an editorial cartoon, is that of an incarnation of [[Father Time]] (or "the Old Year") wearing a sash across his chest with the previous year printed on it passing on his duties to the [[Baby New Year]] (or "the New Year"), an infant wearing a sash with the new year printed on it.<ref name="Birx2009">{{Cite book |last=Birx |first=H. James |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=b3ddWSxmi9cC&pg=PA510 |title=Encyclopedia of Time: Science, Philosophy, Theology, & Culture |date=13 January 2009 |publisher=[[SAGE Publications]] |isbn=978-1-4129-4164-8 |page=510 |access-date=31 December 2012}}</ref>

Babies born on New Year's Day are commonly called ''New Year babies''. Hospitals, such as the Dyersburg Regional Medical Center<ref>{{Cite web |date=31 December 2008 |title=DRMC rounds up prizes for New Year's baby, Life Choices |url=http://www.stategazette.com/story/1489857.html |access-date=1 January 2012 |website=Dyersburg State Gazette |publisher=Stategazette.com |archive-date=14 January 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120114222039/http://www.stategazette.com/story/1489857.html |url-status=live }}</ref> in the US, give out prizes to the first baby born in that hospital in the new year. These prizes are often donated by local businesses. Prizes may include various baby-related items such as [[Infant formula|baby formula]], [[blanket|baby blankets]], [[diaper]]s, and [[gift certificate]]s to stores which specialise in baby-related merchandise.

===Antarctica===
On New Year's Day in [[Antarctica]], the stake marking the [[South Pole|geographic south pole]] is moved approximately 10 meters to compensate for the movement of the ice. A new marker stake is designed and made each year by staff at the site nearby.