Editing Musical film (section)

===Classic Bollywood (1970s–1980s)===
By the start of the 1970s, Hindi cinema was experiencing thematic stagnation,<ref name="raj">{{cite book|last=Raj|first=Ashok|title=Hero Vol.2|date=2009|publisher=[[Hay House]]|isbn=9789381398036|page=21|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=2wo9BAAAQBAJ&pg=PT21}}</ref> dominated by musical [[romance film]]s.<ref name="indianexpress2"/> The arrival of screenwriter duo [[Salim–Javed]], consisting of [[Salim Khan]] and [[Javed Akhtar]], marked a paradigm shift, revitalizing the industry.<ref name="raj"/> They began the genre of gritty, violent, [[Mumbai underworld films|Bombay underworld crime film]]s in the early 1970s, with films such as ''[[Zanjeer (1973 film)|Zanjeer]]'' (1973) and ''[[Deewaar]]'' (1975).<ref name="ganti">{{cite book|last=Ganti|first=Tejaswini|title=Bollywood: A Guidebook to Popular Hindi Cinema|date=2004|publisher=[[Psychology Press]]|isbn=9780415288545|page=153|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=GTEa93azj9EC&pg=PA153}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|last=Chaudhuri|first=Diptakirti|title=Written by Salim-Javed: The Story of Hindi Cinema's Greatest Screenwriters|date=2015|publisher=[[Penguin Books]]|isbn=9789352140084|page=72|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Cri9CgAAQBAJ&pg=PT72}}</ref>

The 1970s was also when the name "Bollywood" was coined,<ref name="collaco">{{cite news|title=On the Bollywood beat|author=Anand|work=[[The Hindu]]|date=7 March 2004|url=http://www.hindu.com/lr/2004/03/07/stories/2004030700390600.htm|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20040403234115/http://www.hindu.com/lr/2004/03/07/stories/2004030700390600.htm|url-status=dead|archive-date=3 April 2004|access-date=31 May 2009|location=Chennai, India}}</ref><ref name="khanna">{{cite web|title=Amit Khanna: The Man who saw 'Bollywood'|author=Subhash K Jha|date=8 April 2005|website=[[Sify]]|url=http://sify.com/movies/bollywood/fullstory.php?id=13713296|access-date=31 May 2009|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20050409171523/http://sify.com/movies/bollywood/fullstory.php?id=13713296|archive-date=9 April 2005|df=dmy-all}}</ref> and when the quintessential conventions of commercial Bollywood films were established.<ref name="Chaudhuri58">{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Cri9CgAAQBAJ&pg=PT58|title=Written by Salim-Javed: The Story of Hindi Cinema's Greatest Screenwriters|last=Chaudhuri|first=Diptakirti|date=2015-10-01|publisher=[[Penguin Books|Penguin UK]]|isbn=9789352140084|page=58}}</ref> Key to this was the emergence of the [[masala film]] genre, which combines elements of multiple genres ([[Action film|action]], [[Comedy film|comedy]], [[Romance film|romance]], [[Drama film|drama]], [[melodrama]], musical). The masala film was pioneered in the early 1970s by filmmaker [[Nasir Hussain]],<ref>{{cite news|title=How film-maker Nasir Husain started the trend for Bollywood masala films|url=http://www.hindustantimes.com/bollywood/how-film-maker-nasir-husain-created-the-prototype-for-bollywood-masala-films/story-ckL6zPLHJFDYoupjFBtbfN.html|work=[[Hindustan Times]]|date=30 March 2017}}</ref> along with screenwriter duo Salim-Javed,<ref name="Chaudhuri58"/> pioneering the Bollywood [[Blockbuster (entertainment)|blockbuster]] format.<ref name="Chaudhuri58"/> ''[[Yaadon Ki Baarat]]'' (1973), directed by Hussain and written by Salim-Javed, has been identified as the first masala film and the "first" quintessentially "Bollywood" film.<ref name="bhaumik">Kaushik Bhaumik, [https://thewire.in/24564/an-insightful-reading-of-our-many-indian-identities/ An Insightful Reading of Our Many Indian Identities], [[The Wire (Indian web publication)|The Wire]], 12/03/2016</ref><ref name="Chaudhuri58"/> Salim-Javed went on to write more successful masala films in the 1970s and 1980s.<ref name="Chaudhuri58"/> Masala films launched [[Amitabh Bachchan]] into the biggest Bollywood movie star of the 1970s and 1980s. A landmark for the masala film genre was ''[[Amar Akbar Anthony]]'' (1977),<ref name="Dwyer2005">{{cite book|author=Rachel Dwyer|title=100 Bollywood films|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=4EBNAQAAIAAJ|access-date=6 August 2013|year=2005|page=14|publisher=Lotus Collection, Roli Books|isbn=978-81-7436-433-3}}</ref><ref name="bhaumik"/> directed by [[Manmohan Desai]] and written by [[Kader Khan]]. Manmohan Desai went on to successfully exploit the genre in the 1970s and 1980s.

Along with Bachchan, other popular actors of this era included [[Feroz Khan (actor)|Feroz Khan]],<ref name="funky">{{cite book|last1=Stadtman|first1=Todd|title=Funky Bollywood: The Wild World of 1970s Indian Action Cinema|date=2015|publisher=FAB Press|isbn=9781903254776|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=T0DXoQEACAAJ}}</ref> [[Mithun Chakraborty]], [[Naseeruddin Shah]], [[Jackie Shroff]], [[Sanjay Dutt]], [[Anil Kapoor]] and [[Sunny Deol]]. Actresses from this era included [[Hema Malini]], [[Jaya Bachchan]], [[Rakhee Gulzar|Raakhee]], [[Shabana Azmi]], [[Zeenat Aman]], [[Parveen Babi]], [[Rekha]], [[Dimple Kapadia]], [[Smita Patil]], [[Jaya Prada]] and [[Padmini Kolhapure]].<ref name="actorsuntil90">{{cite web|title=The Present |author=Ahmed, Rauf |work=[[Rediff.com]] |url=http://www.rediff.com/millenni/rauf2.htm |access-date=30 June 2008 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080529044434/http://www.rediff.com/millenni/rauf2.htm |archive-date=29 May 2008 |url-status=live |df=dmy }}</ref>