Editing Ménière's disease (section)

== History ==
The condition is named after the French physician [[Prosper Menière]], who in an 1861 article described the main symptoms and was the first to suggest a single disorder for all of the symptoms, in the combined organ of balance and hearing in the inner ear.<ref>{{cite journal | last= Ishiyama |first= G. | display-authors = etal | date = Apr 2015 | title = Meniere's disease: histopathology, cytochemistry, and imaging | journal = Ann N Y Acad Sci | volume = 1343 | issue = 1| pages = 49–57 | doi = 10.1111/nyas.12699 | pmid = 25766597 | bibcode = 2015NYASA1343...49I |s2cid= 36495592 }}</ref><ref>{{cite journal| author-link= Prosper Ménière| first= Prosper |last= Ménière| year=1861| url= http://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/bpt6k408652b/f242.image |title= Sur une forme de surdité grave dépendant d'une lésion de l'oreille interne| language= fr | publisher= republished online at gallica.bnf.fr| archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20160216171229/http://gallica.bnf.fr/ark%3A/12148/bpt6k408652b/f242.image |archive-date=16 February 2016 | trans-title= On a form of severe deafness dependent on a lesion of the inner ear| journal= Bulletin de l'Académie Impériale de Médecine| volume= 26| page= 241}}</ref>

The [[American Academy of Otolaryngology]]{{snd}}Head and Neck Surgery Committee on Hearing and Equilibrium set criteria for diagnosing MD, as well as defining two subcategories – cochlear (without vertigo) and vestibular (without deafness).<ref name=Beasley>{{cite journal |vauthors=Beasley NJ, Jones NS |title=Menière's disease: evolution of a definition |journal=J Laryngol Otol |volume=110 |issue=12 |pages=1107–1113 |date=December 1996 |pmid=9015421 |doi= 10.1017/S002221510013590X|s2cid=37842353 }}</ref>

In 1972, the academy defined criteria for diagnosing MD as:<ref name=Beasley/>
# Fluctuating, progressive, sensorineural deafness
# Episodic, characteristic definitive spells of vertigo lasting 20 minutes to 24 hours with no unconsciousness, vestibular [[pathologic nystagmus|nystagmus]] always present.
# Tinnitus (ringing in the ears, from mild to severe) is accompanied often by ear pain and a feeling of fullness in the affected ear; usually, the tinnitus is more severe before a spell of vertigo and lessens after the vertigo attack.
# Attacks are characterized by periods of remission and exacerbation.

In 1985, this list changed to alter wording, such as changing "deafness" to "hearing loss associated with tinnitus, characteristically of low frequencies" and requiring more than one attack of vertigo to diagnose.<ref name=Beasley/> Finally in 1995, the list was again altered to allow for degrees of the disease:<ref name=Beasley/>
# Certain – Definite disease with [[Histopathology|histopathological]] confirmation
# Definite – Requires two or more definitive episodes of vertigo with hearing loss plus tinnitus and/or aural fullness
# Probable – Only one definitive episode of vertigo and the other symptoms and signs
# Possible – Definitive vertigo with no associated hearing loss

In 2015, the International Classification for Vestibular Disorders Committee of the Barany Society published consensus diagnostic criteria in collaboration with the American Academy of Otolaryngology–Head and Neck Surgery, the European Academy of Otology and Neurootology, the Japan Society for Equilibrium Research, and the Korean Balance Society.<ref name=Con2015/><ref name=See2016/>