Editing Luzon (section)

==Demographics==
{{Philippine Census
| title= Population census of Luzon
| 1903= 4101516
| 1918= 5397401
| 1939= 8165778
| 1948= 9876263
| 1960= 14061448
| 1970= 19688100
| 1975= 22790274
| 1980= 26080694
| 1990= 33357887
| 1995= 38249776
| 2000= 42822686
| 2007= 49799956
| 2010= 52362999
| 2015= 57470097
| 2020= 62196942
| footnote= Source: National Statistics Office{{PH census|2015|d}}{{PH census|2010|d}}{{efn|name=popnote}}
}}
As of the 2015 census, the population of Luzon Island is 57,470,097 people,{{PH census|2015|d}}{{efn|name=popnote}} making it the [[List of islands by population|4th most populated island in the world]].

===Cities===
[[File:North EDSA - Trinoma, QC CBD, SM North (view from SMDC Grass) (Diliman, Quezon City)(2017-09-07) cropped.jpg|thumb|A view of Quezon City in September 2017, the largest city in Luzon island]]
[[Metro Manila]] is the most populous of the [[List of metropolitan areas in the Philippines|3 defined metropolitan areas]] in the Philippines and the [[List of metropolitan areas by population|11th most populous]] in the world. {{As of|2007|lc=y}}, census data showed it had a population of 11,553,427, comprising 13% of the national population.<ref name="phcensus">{{cite web |url=https://www.census.gov.ph/data/census2007/index.html|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120716233046/http://www.census.gov.ph/data/census2007/index.html|archive-date=July 16, 2012|title=Total Population and Annual Population Growth Rates by Region: Population Censuses 1995, 2000, and 2007|author=Philippine Statistics Authority |date=April 2008 |access-date=April 4, 2010}}</ref> Including suburbs in the adjacent provinces ([[Bulacan]], [[Cavite]], [[Laguna (province)|Laguna]], and [[Rizal (province)|Rizal]]) of [[Greater Manila Area|Greater Manila]], the population is around 21 million.<ref name="phcensus" /><ref name="demographia">Demographia. (July 2010). [http://www.demographia.com/db-worldua.pdf ''Demographia World Urban Areas (World Agglomerations) Population & Projections''] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180503021711/http://www.demographia.com/db-worldua.pdf |date=May 3, 2018 }} (Edition 6.1). Retrieved March 29, 2011.</ref>

{{Largest Cities and Municipalities in Luzon|class=info}}
{{Largest cities and municipalities in Luzon location map}}

===Ethnic groups===
{{Further|Ethnic groups of the Philippines}}
[[File:Ifugao headhunter.jpg|thumb|upright|An [[Igorot people|Ifugao]] warrior with some of his trophies, Cordillera Mountains, {{Circa|1912}}]]

Seven major [[Filipinos|Philippine]] [[Ethnolinguistics|ethnolinguistic]] groups predominate Luzon. [[Ilocano people|Ilocanos]] and [[Pangasinan people|Pangasinenses]] dominate northern Luzon, particularly in the [[Ilocos Region]] to parts of the [[Cagayan Valley]], while [[Kapampangan people|Kapampangans]], [[Tagalog people|Tagalogs]], Ilocanos, and [[Sambal people|Sambals]] populate [[Central Luzon]]. [[Tagalog people|Tagalog]]s dominate the [[Metro Manila|National Capital Region]], [[Calabarzon]] and the island provinces of [[Marinduque]], [[Mindoro]] and extending to parts of [[Palawan]] and northern [[Bicol Peninsula]], while [[Bicolano people|Bicolanos]] populate the [[Bicol Region|Bicol peninsula]]. [[Visayans]], such as [[Masbateño people|Masbateños]], [[Romblomanon people|Romblomanons]], [[Waray people|Waray]] [[Southern Sorsogon language|Sorsogonons]], [[Cuyunon people|Cuyunons]], mainly populate in the southern [[Bicol Region|Bicol peninsula]] and island provinces of [[Masbate]], [[Romblon]], and [[Palawan]].

Other ethnic groups lesser in population include the [[Aeta]]s of [[Zambales]] and [[Bataan]], the [[Ibanag people|Ibanags]] of [[Cagayan province|Cagayan]] and [[Isabela province|Isabela]], the [[Gaddang people|Gaddang]] of [[Nueva Vizcaya]], the [[Igorot]] of the [[Cordillera Central (Luzon)|Cordilleras]], and the [[Mangyan|Mangyans]] of [[Mindoro]].

Due to historical centuries-old migrations, populations of ethnic [[Chinese Filipino]]s, [[Spanish Filipino]]s, [[Japanese in the Philippines|Japanese Filipinos]], [[Indian Filipino]]s, and Muslim [[Moro people|Moros]] from [[Mindanao]] have also been present in urban areas. Historical [[Filipino mestizo|mixed mestizo]] populations, particularly [[Sangley|Chinese mestizos (''mestizo de Sangley'')]] and [[Spanish Filipino|Spanish mestizos]], and more recent mixed mesitzos of [[Filipinos of American descent|Americans]], [[Filipinos of Japanese descent|Japanese]], [[Koreans in the Philippines|Koreans]], [[Filipinos of Indian descent|Indians]] (mostly [[Punjabi people|Punjabis]]),<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://indianexpress.com/article/india/india-news-india/punjabi-community-money-lending-philippines-president-rodrigo-duterte-2806212/ |title=Indian Express (2016) |date=May 18, 2016 |access-date=February 4, 2023 |archive-date=March 3, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200303135949/https://indianexpress.com/article/india/india-news-india/punjabi-community-money-lending-philippines-president-rodrigo-duterte-2806212/ |url-status=live }}</ref> and [[Arabs]] are also occasionally present. The historical [[Sangley|Sangley Chinese]] and their [[Chinese Filipino|pure]] and [[Sangley|mixed-mestizo descendants]] are spread all across Luzon of several generations across the centuries. According to old Spanish censuses, around 1/3rd of the population of Luzon are [[Filipino Mestizos|mestizo]] admixed with either or both [[Han Chinese|Southern Han]] [[Chinese Filipino|Chinese]] (mostly from [[Metro Manila|Manila]] to [[Pampanga]]) and/or [[Hispanic]] ([[Spanish Filipino|Spanish]] or [[Mexicans in the Philippines|Latino]]) descent (Mostly in Cavite and Manila).<ref>Jagor, Fëdor, et al. (1870). [http://www.authorama.com/former-philippines-b-8.html ''The Former Philippines thru Foreign Eyes''] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210109161446/http://www.authorama.com/former-philippines-b-8.html |date=January 9, 2021 }}</ref> Most Americans have settled in Central Luzon's highly urbanized cities of [[Angeles City|Angeles]] and [[Olongapo]] due to the former presence of the U.S. air and naval bases ([[Clark Air Base|Clark]] & [[U.S. Naval Base Subic Bay|Subic]]) there, while a majority of the Koreans and Japanese have mainly settled in the major cities and towns like Koreatown in [[Angeles City]] and [[Baguio]] and [[Subic, Zambales|Subic]].

===Languages===
{{Main|Languages of the Philippines}}
[[File:Philippine languages per region.png|thumb|left|upright|Dominant languages per administrative region]]
Almost all of the languages of Luzon belong to the [[Philippine languages|Philippine]] group of the [[Malayo-Polynesian languages|Malayo-Polynesian]] branch of the [[Austronesian languages|Austronesian language family]]. Major regional languages include: [[Tagalog language|Tagalog]], [[Ilocano language|Ilocano]], [[Central Bikol]], [[Kapampangan language|Kapampangan]], and [[Pangasinan language|Pangasinan]].

[[Philippine English|English]] is spoken by many inhabitants. The use of [[Spanish language in the Philippines|Spanish]] as an [[official language]] declined following the [[American occupation of the Philippines]]. Almost inexistent among the general populace, Spanish is still used by the elderly of some families of great tradition (Rizal, Liboro...).

[[File:Paoay Church of Ilocos Norte, Philippines.JPG|thumb|[[Paoay Church|Saint Augustine Catholic Church]] in [[Paoay, Ilocos Norte|Paoay]]]]

===Religion===
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{{Main|Religion in the Philippines}}

Like most of the Philippines, the major religion in Luzon is [[Christianity in the Philippines|Christianity]], with [[Roman Catholicism in the Philippines|Roman Catholicism]] being the major [[Christian denomination|denomination]]. Other major sects includes [[Jehovah's Witnesses]], [[Protestantism in the Philippines|Protestantism]], the [[Philippine Independent Church]] (Aglipayans), the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (Mormons), and the [[Iglesia ni Cristo]].<ref>[https://www.census.gov.ph/old/data/pressrelease/2003/pr0323tx.html PHILIPPINES: ADDITIONAL THREE PERSONS PER MINUTE] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160305074956/http://www.census.gov.ph/old/data/pressrelease/2003/pr0323tx.html |date=2016-03-05 }}, [https://www.census.gov.ph/ National Statistics Office] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131004104825/http://census.gov.ph/ |date=2013-10-04 }}. Last revised: July 18, 2003. Retrieved November 27, 2006.</ref> Indigenous traditions and rituals, though rare, are also present.

There are also sizable communities of [[Sikhism by country|Sikhs]], [[Hinduism in the Philippines|Hindu]]s, [[Buddhism in the Philippines|Buddhist]]s and [[Islam in the Philippines|Muslim]]s in [[Metro Manila]] and in other, especially, urban areas due to the immigration of [[Indian Filipino|Indians]], [[Japanese settlement in the Philippines|Japanese]], [[Koreans in the Philippines|Koreans]], [[Filipino Chinese|Chinese]], [[Moro people|Moros]] and Muslims from other countries to the island.

[[File:EDSA-Guadalupe northward view 2012-10-29.jpg|thumb|[[EDSA]], a major thoroughfare in [[Metro Manila]]]]