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===Climate=== {{main|Climate of Liverpool}} {{climate chart |Liverpool |3|8|69 |3|8|57 |4|10|53 |6|13|50 |8|16|53 |11|18|64 |14|20|66 |14|20|72 |11|18|77 |9|14|90 |6|11|82 |3|8|92 |source=[https://www.metoffice.gov.uk/research/climate/maps-and-data/uk-climate-averages/gctb66ydw Met Office] |float=right }} Liverpool experiences a [[temperate]] [[Oceanic climate|maritime climate]] ([[Köppen climate classification|Köppen]]: ''Cfb''), like much of the British Isles, with relatively mild summers, cool winters and rainfall spread fairly evenly throughout the year. Rainfall and temperature records had been kept at [[Bidston Hill]] since 1867, but records for atmospheric pressure go back as far as at least 1846.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.pol.ac.uk/appl/hist_met/|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110224035445/http://www.pol.ac.uk/appl/hist_met/|archive-date=24 February 2011|title=Historical weather data for Bidston Observatory|access-date=7 March 2019}}</ref> Bidston closed down in 2002 but the [[Met Office]] also has a weather station at [[Crosby, Merseyside|Crosby]]. Since records began in 1867, temperatures have ranged from {{convert|-17.6|C|F}} on 21 December 2010 to {{convert|34.5|C|F}} on 2 August 1990, although [[Liverpool John Lennon Airport|Liverpool Airport]] recorded a temperature of {{convert|35.0|C|F}} on 19 July 2006.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://en.tutiempo.net/climate/2006/ws-33233.html|title=Climate Liverpool Airport (Year 2006) – Climate data (33233)|work=En.tutiempo.net|access-date=7 March 2019|archive-date=9 May 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210509220750/https://en.tutiempo.net/climate/2006/ws-33233.html|url-status=live}}</ref> The lowest amount of sunshine on record was 16.5 hours in December 1927 whereas the most was 314.5 hours in July 2013.<ref>{{cite web|title=Bidston Observatory recorded hours of sunshine|url=http://www.pol.ac.uk/appl/hist_met/sunshinehours.pdf|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110709125731/http://www.pol.ac.uk/appl/hist_met/sunshinehours.pdf|archive-date=9 July 2011|access-date=7 March 2019}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.worldweatheronline.com/liverpool-weather/merseyside/gb.aspx|title=Liverpool Monthly Climate Averages|website=WorldWeatherOnline.com|access-date=12 June 2019|archive-date=9 May 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210509210229/https://www.worldweatheronline.com/liverpool-weather/merseyside/gb.aspx|url-status=live}}</ref> [[Tornado|Tornado activity]] or [[funnel cloud]] formation is very rare in and around the Liverpool area and tornadoes that do form are usually weak. Recent tornadoes or funnel clouds in Merseyside have been seen in 1998 and 2014.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://en.tutiempo.net/climate/1998/ws-33233.html|title=Climate Liverpool Airport (Year 1998) – Climate data (33233)|work=En.tutiempo.net|access-date=7 March 2019|archive-date=9 May 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210509215634/https://en.tutiempo.net/climate/1998/ws-33233.html|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|first=Georgia|last=Morgan|url=https://www.liverpoolecho.co.uk/news/liverpool-news/official-tornado-spotted-m53-motorway-7906550|title=Official: Tornado spotted on M53 motorway in Wirral|work=Liverpool Echo|date=8 October 2014|access-date=17 February 2019|archive-date=9 May 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210509215634/https://www.liverpoolecho.co.uk/news/liverpool-news/official-tornado-spotted-m53-motorway-7906550|url-status=live}}</ref> During the period 1981–2010, Crosby recorded an average of 32.8 days of air frost per year, which is low for the United Kingdom.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.metoffice.gov.uk/public/weather/climate/gctb66ydw|title=Crosby climate information|publisher=Met Office|date=1 May 2014|access-date=7 March 2019|archive-date=10 January 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210110031823/https://www.metoffice.gov.uk/research/climate/maps-and-data/uk-climate-averages|url-status=live}}</ref> Snow is fairly common during the winter although heavy snow is rare. Snow generally falls between November and March but can occasionally fall earlier and later. In recent times, the earliest snowfall was on 1 October 2008<ref>{{cite web|url=https://en.tutiempo.net/climate/10-2008/ws-33233.html|title=Climate Liverpool Airport (October 2008) – Climate data (33233)|work=En.tutiempo.net|access-date=7 March 2019|archive-date=9 May 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210509230951/https://en.tutiempo.net/climate/10-2008/ws-33233.html|url-status=live}}</ref> while the latest occurred on 15 May 2012.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://en.tutiempo.net/climate/05-2012/ws-33233.html|title=Climate Liverpool Airport (May 2012) – Climate data (33233)|work=En.tutiempo.net|access-date=7 March 2019|archive-date=9 May 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210509230946/https://en.tutiempo.net/climate/05-2012/ws-33233.html|url-status=live}}</ref> Although historically, the earliest snowfall occurred on 10 September 1908<ref>{{Cite web|title=Monthly Weather Report of the Official Meteorological Office|url=https://digital.nmla.metoffice.gov.uk/IO_9229466c-0f5d-43b6-8783-19fbff1e8188/|access-date=10 June 2021|website=digital.nmla.metoffice.gov.uk|archive-date=10 June 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210610055346/https://digital.nmla.metoffice.gov.uk/IO_9229466c-0f5d-43b6-8783-19fbff1e8188/|url-status=live}}</ref> and the latest on 2 June 1975.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://en.tutiempo.net/climate/06-1975/ws-33230.html|title=Climate LIVERPOOL AIRPORT (June 1975) – Climate data (33230)|last=S.L|first=Tutiempo Network|website=tutiempo.net|access-date=12 June 2019|archive-date=10 May 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210510012631/https://en.tutiempo.net/climate/06-1975/ws-33230.html|url-status=live}}</ref> Rainfall, although light, is quite a common occurrence in Liverpool, with the wettest month on record being August 1956, which recorded {{convert|221.2|mm|in|abbr=on}} of rain and the driest being February 1932, with {{convert|0.9|mm|in|abbr=on}}.<ref name="web.archive.org">{{Cite web|date=9 July 2011|title=Bidston Observatory recorded hours of rainfall (mm)|url=http://www.pol.ac.uk/appl/hist_met/monthlyrainfall.pdf|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110709125732/http://www.pol.ac.uk/appl/hist_met/monthlyrainfall.pdf|archive-date=9 July 2011|access-date=12 June 2019}}</ref> The driest year on record was 1991, with {{convert|480.5|mm|in|abbr=on}} of rainfall and the wettest was 1872, with {{convert|1159.9|mm|in|abbr=on}}.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://digital.nmla.metoffice.gov.uk/IO_d643dae6-3dfe-4b58-bbf7-dc91d00bbfdf/|title=TYRain_1677-1859_A_pt1|access-date=25 September 2020|publisher=Met Office|archive-date=30 May 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210530032555/https://digital.nmla.metoffice.gov.uk/IO_d643dae6-3dfe-4b58-bbf7-dc91d00bbfdf/|url-status=live}}</ref> {{Liverpool weatherbox}}
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