Editing Karlsruhe (section)

==Transport==

=== Railway ===
The [[Verkehrsbetriebe Karlsruhe]] (VBK) operates the city's urban public transport network, comprising [[Trams in Karlsruhe|seven tram routes]] and a network of bus routes. All city areas can be reached round the clock by tram and a night bus system. The [[Turmbergbahn]] [[funicular|funicular railway]], to the east of the city centre, is also operated by the VBK. Similar to a [[premetro]] tramlines operating in the city centre use two tramway tunnels that were completed on 11 December 2021.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Seinsoth |first1=Dorothee |last2=Bender |first2=Markus |last3=Essig |first3=Jürgen |title=Offizielle Eröffnung: Viele Karlsruher wollen die neue U-Bahn sehen |url=https://www.swr.de/swraktuell/baden-wuerttemberg/karlsruhe/eroeffnung-kombiloesung-karlsruhe-100.html |website=Swr Aktuell (in German) |publisher=Südwestrundfunk |access-date=11 December 2021 |archive-date=21 January 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220121114050/https://www.swr.de/swraktuell/baden-wuerttemberg/karlsruhe/eroeffnung-kombiloesung-karlsruhe-100.html |url-status=dead }}</ref>
[[File:Durlacher Tor Kombilösung 3.jpg|thumb|A tram at the subterranean ''Durlacher Tor – [[Karlsruhe Institute of Technology|KIT]] Campus Süd'' station]]
The VBK is also a partner, with the [[Albtal-Verkehrs-Gesellschaft]] and [[Deutsche Bahn]], in the operation of the [[Karlsruhe Stadtbahn]], the rail system that serves a larger area around the city. This system makes it possible to reach other towns in the region, like [[Ettlingen]], [[Wörth am Rhein]], [[Pforzheim]], [[Bad Wildbad]], [[Bretten]], [[Bruchsal]], [[Heilbronn]], [[Baden-Baden]], and even [[Freudenstadt]] in the [[Black Forest]] right from the city centre. The Stadtbahn is known for pioneering the concept of operating trams on train tracks, to achieve a more effective and attractive [[public transport]] system.

Karlsruhe is connected via road and rail, with [[Autobahn]] and [[Intercity Express]] connections going to [[Frankfurt]], [[Stuttgart]]/[[Munich]] and [[Freiburg]]/[[Basel]] from [[Karlsruhe Hauptbahnhof]]. Since June 2007 it has been connected to the [[TGV]] network, reducing travel time to [[Paris]] to three hours (previously it had taken five hours).

The [[Rhine Valley Railway]] is also an important freight line.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Weinrich |first1=Regina |title=Sperrung der Rheintalbahn |url=https://www.eurotransport.de/artikel/sperrung-der-rheintalbahn-desaster-fuer-den-gueterverkehr-9200330.html |website=Eurotransport |date=16 August 2017 |access-date=9 December 2021}}</ref> Freight trains can bypass Karlsuhe Hauptbahnhof via the [[Karlsruhe freight bypass railway]].

=== Shipping ===
[[File:Karlsruhe OElhafen.jpg|thumb|Oil port]]
Two ports on the [[Rhine]] provide transport capacity on [[cargo ship]]s, especially for [[petroleum products]].

=== Airport ===
The nearest airport is part of the [[Baden Airpark]] (officially ''Flughafen Karlsruhe/[[Baden-Baden]]'') about {{convert|45|km|mi|abbr=on}} southwest of Karlsruhe, with regular connections to airports in Germany and Europe in general. [[Frankfurt International Airport]] can be reached in about an hour and a half by car (one hour by [[Intercity Express]]); [[Stuttgart Airport]] can be reached in about one hour (about an hour and a half by train and [[S-Bahn]]).

=== Streets ===
Karlsruhe is at the [[Bundesautobahn 5]] and the [[Bundesstraße 10]]. In the city there is a good bike lane infrastructure.

Two interesting facts in transportation history are that both [[Karl Drais]], the inventor of the bicycle, as well as [[Karl Benz]], the inventor of the automobile were born in Karlsruhe. Benz was born in Mühlburg, which later became a borough of Karlsruhe (in 1886). Benz also studied at the Karlsruhe University. Benz's wife [[Bertha Benz|Bertha]] took the world's first long distance-drive with an automobile from [[Mannheim]] to Karlsruhe-Grötzingen and [[Pforzheim]] (see [[Bertha Benz Memorial Route]]). Their professional lives led both men to the neighboring city of Mannheim, where they first applied their most famous inventions.<gallery>
File:Duplex in Karlsruhe III.JPG|The [[Karlsruhe Hauptbahnhof]], the main station in Karlsruhe
File:Karlsruhe tram 2017 3.jpg|alt=A tram in Karlsruhe 2017|A tram in Karlsruhe, 2017
File:Karlsruhe Sophienstr bei Waldstr.jpg|A bike street in Karlsruhe
File:Südtangente Karlsruhe IMGP0787-crop.JPG|The [[Bundesstraße 10]] in Karlsruhe
</gallery>[[File:Karlsruhe Leibgrenadierdenkmal.jpg|thumb|Memorial for Baden Life Grenadiers in several wars, 1803–1918, temporarily removed in 2010]]
[[File:Karlsruhe Durlach Karlsburg.jpg|thumb|[[Karlsburg Castle]] in Durlach]]