Editing James Cook (section)

===Memorials===

====United Kingdom====
[[File:Memorial tablet – Captain James Cook and his family, Church of St Andrew the Great, Cambridge.jpg|thumb|upright=1.25|Memorial to James Cook and family in the church of [[St Andrew the Great]], Cambridge]]
One of the earliest monuments to Cook in the United Kingdom is located at [[The Vache]], erected in 1780 by Admiral [[Hugh Palliser]], a contemporary of Cook and one-time owner of the estate.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.captaincooksociety.com/ccsu4166.htm |title=CCS – Cook Monument at the Vache, Chalfont St Giles – Access Restored |access-date=22 September 2011 |archive-date=5 February 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120205214655/http://www.captaincooksociety.com/ccsu4166.htm |url-status=live}}</ref> A large obelisk was built in 1827 as a monument to Cook on [[Easby Moor]] overlooking his boyhood village of [[Great Ayton]],<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.great-ayton.org.uk/tourism/cook/cook_monument/ |title=Great Ayton – Captain Cook's Monument |access-date=20 September 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111027202118/http://www.great-ayton.org.uk/tourism/cook/cook_monument/ |archive-date=27 October 2011 |url-status=dead}}</ref> along with a smaller monument at the former location of Cook's cottage.<ref>{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article17137751 |title=Captain Cook |work=The Sydney Morning Herald |location=NSW |date=26 January 1935 |access-date=27 September 2013 |page=16 |publisher=National Library of Australia |archive-date=9 November 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211109015431/https://trove.nla.gov.au/newspaper/article/17137751 |url-status=live}}</ref> There is also a monument to Cook in the church of [[St Andrew the Great]], [[St Andrew's Street, Cambridge]], where his sons Hugh, a student at Christ's College, and James were buried. Cook's widow Elizabeth was also buried in the church and in her will left money for the memorial's upkeep. The 250th anniversary of Cook's birth was marked at the site of his birthplace in [[Marton, Middlesbrough|Marton]] by the opening of the [[Captain Cook Birthplace Museum]], located within [[Stewart Park Middlesbrough|Stewart Park]] (1978). A granite vase just to the south of the museum marks the approximate spot where he was born.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.captcook-ne.co.uk/ccbm/index.htm |title=The Captain Cook Birthplace Museum, Marton, Middlesbrough |work=captcook-ne.co.uk |year=2011 |access-date=8 August 2011 |archive-date=20 July 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110720010546/http://www.captcook-ne.co.uk/ccbm/index.htm |url-status=live}}</ref> Tributes also abound in post-industrial [[Middlesbrough]], including a primary school,<ref>{{cite news |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/shared/bsp/hi/education/04/school_tables/primary_schools/html/806_2370.stm |title=Captain Cook Primary School |publisher=BBC |date=2 December 2004 |access-date=21 September 2011 |archive-date=9 November 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211109015533/http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/shared/bsp/hi/education/04/school_tables/primary_schools/html/806_2370.stm |url-status=live}}</ref> shopping square<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.captaincookshopping.com/ |title=Captain Cook Shopping Square |publisher=Captaincookshopping.com |access-date=8 March 2010 |archive-date=28 March 2010 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100328130339/http://www.captaincookshopping.com/ |url-status=live}}</ref> and the ''Bottle 'O Notes'', a public artwork by [[Claes Oldenburg]], that was erected in the town's Central Gardens in 1993. Also named after Cook is [[James Cook University Hospital]], a major teaching hospital which opened in 2003 with a railway station serving it called [[James Cook railway station|James Cook]] opening in 2014.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.glendalehouse.co.uk/pages/captainCook.html |title=Captain Cook and the Captain Cook Trail |access-date=22 September 2011 |archive-date=6 September 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110906040659/http://www.glendalehouse.co.uk/pages/captainCook.html |url-status=live}}</ref> The Royal Research Ship [[RRS James Cook|RRS ''James Cook'']] was built in 2006 to replace the [[RRS Charles Darwin|RRS ''Charles Darwin'']] in the UK's Royal Research Fleet,<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.nerc.ac.uk/research/sites/facilities/marine/jamescook.asp |title=RRS James Cook |publisher=Nautical Environment Research Council |year=2011 |access-date=5 March 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120703104025/http://www.nerc.ac.uk/research/sites/facilities/marine/jamescook.asp |archive-date=3 July 2012 |url-status=dead}}</ref> and [[Stepney Historical Trust]] placed a plaque on Free Trade Wharf in the Highway, Shadwell to commemorate his life in the East End of London. A [[Statue of Captain James Cook, The Mall|statue]] erected in his honour can be viewed near [[Admiralty Arch]] on the south side of [[The Mall, London|The Mall]] in London. In 2002, Cook was placed at number 12 in the BBC's poll of the [[100 Greatest Britons]].<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/history/programmes/greatbritons/list.shtml/ |title=BBC – Great Britons – Top 100 |access-date=19 July 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20021204214727/http://www.bbc.co.uk/history/programmes/greatbritons/list.shtml/ |archive-date=4 December 2002 |work=[[Internet Archive]]}}</ref>

====Australia====
[[Cooks' Cottage]], his parents' last home, which he is likely to have visited, is now in [[Melbourne]], Australia, having been moved from England at the behest of the Australian philanthropist Sir [[Russell Grimwade]] in 1934.<ref name="CityMelb">{{cite web |title=Cooks' Cottage |url=https://whatson.melbourne.vic.gov.au/PlacesToGo/CooksCottage/Pages/CooksCottage.aspx |access-date=6 August 2017 |publisher=[[City of Melbourne]] |archive-date=31 January 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200131055807/https://whatson.melbourne.vic.gov.au/PlacesToGo/CooksCottage/Pages/CooksCottage.aspx |url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |date=1 July 1933 |title=CAPTAIN COOK'S COTTAGE. :ANOTHER CENTENARY GIFT.:Mr. Russell Grimwade's Generosity. |page=21 |newspaper=[[The Argus (Melbourne)|The Argus]] |issue=((27,105)) |location=Melbourne |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article4746055 |access-date=6 September 2017 |via=National Library of Australia |archive-date=12 March 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240312061306/https://trove.nla.gov.au/newspaper/article/4746055 |url-status=live}}</ref><ref name="horwitz" /> The first institution of higher education in North Queensland, Australia, was named after him, with [[James Cook University]] opening in [[Townsville]] in 1970.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.jcu.edu.au/about |title=About James Cook University |publisher=James Cook University |year=2011 |access-date=7 January 2014 |archive-date=20 December 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131220112811/http://www.jcu.edu.au/about/ |url-status=live}}</ref>

There are [[Statue of James Cook, Hyde Park|statues]] of Cook in [[Hyde Park, Sydney|Hyde Park]] in Sydney, and at [[St Kilda, Victoria|St Kilda]] in [[Melbourne]].<ref name="Sum 2024">{{cite news |last1=Sum |first1=Eliza |last2=Carey |first2=Adam |date=25 January 2024 |title=Second statue targeted after vandals hack off Captain Cook sculpture on eve of Australia Day |url=https://www.smh.com.au/national/victoria/captain-cook-statue-sawn-off-in-pre-australia-day-attack-20240125-p5ezw4.html |access-date=25 January 2024 |work=Sydney Morning Herald |archive-date=25 January 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240125001101/https://www.smh.com.au/national/victoria/captain-cook-statue-sawn-off-in-pre-australia-day-attack-20240125-p5ezw4.html |url-status=live}}</ref> 

[[File:Annual_re-enactment.of_Cook's_visit._Cooktown_1999.jpg|thumb|Annual re-enactment of James Cook's visit in [[Cooktown, Queensland|Cooktown]], Queensland]]
In 1959, the Cooktown Re-enactment Association first performed a re-enactment of Cook's 1770 landing at the site of modern [[Cooktown, Queensland|Cooktown]], Australia, and have continued the tradition each year, with the support and participation of many of the local [[Guugu Yimithirr people]]. They celebrate the first act of [[Reconciliation in Australia|reconciliation]] between [[Indigenous Australians]] and non-Indigenous people, when a Guugu Yimithirr elder stepped in after some of Cook's men had violated custom by taking [[green turtle]]s from the river and not sharing with the local people. He presented Cook with a broken-tipped spear as a peace offering, thus preventing possible bloodshed. Cook recorded the incident in his journal.<ref name="kim">{{cite web |last1=Kim |first1=Sharnie |last2=Stephen |first2=Adam |date=19 June 2020 |title=Cooktown's Indigenous people help commemorate 250 years since Captain Cook's landing with re-enactment |url=https://www.abc.net.au/news/2020-06-19/cooktown-indigenous-commemorate-captain-cook-250th-anniversary/12363526 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200706200313/https://www.abc.net.au/news/2020-06-19/cooktown-indigenous-commemorate-captain-cook-250th-anniversary/12363526 |archive-date=6 July 2020 |access-date=6 July 2020 |publisher=ABC News |location=Australia}}</ref>

====U.S.A.====
A U.S. coin, the 1928 [[Hawaii Sesquicentennial half-dollar]], carries Cook's image. Minted for the 150th anniversary of his discovery of the islands, its low mintage (10,008) has made this example of an [[Early United States commemorative coins|early United States commemorative coin]] both scarce and expensive.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.coinsite.com/content/commemoratives/Hawaii.asp |title=Hawaii Sesquicentennial Half Dollar |work=coinsite.com |year=2011 |access-date=8 August 2011 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110814135925/http://www.coinsite.com/content/Commemoratives/Hawaii.asp |archive-date=14 August 2011}}</ref> The [[Kealakekua Bay|site where he was killed in Hawaii]] was marked in 1874 by a white obelisk. This land, although in Hawaii, was deeded to the United Kingdom by Princess [[Likelike]] and her husband, [[Archibald Scott Cleghorn]], to the British Consul to Hawaii, James Hay Wodehouse, in 1877.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Gray |first1=Chris |title=Captain Cook's little corner of Hawaii under threat from new golf |url=https://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/asia/captain-cooks-little-corner-of-hawaii-under-threat-from-new-golf-course-623120.html |access-date=12 January 2018 |work=The Independent |date=11 November 2000 |archive-date=6 May 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180506175006/https://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/asia/captain-cooks-little-corner-of-hawaii-under-threat-from-new-golf-course-623120.html |url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal |last=Coulter |first=John Wesley |date=June 1964 |title=Great Britain in Hawaii: The Captain Cook Monument |journal=The Geographical Journal |publisher=The Royal Geographical Society |location=London |volume=130 |issue=2 |pages=256–261 |doi=10.2307/1794586 |jstor=1794586 |bibcode=1964GeogJ.130..256C}}</ref>{{Failed verification|reason=article says land was bought by British consul general, and its status is unclear, not that it was deeded to the UK |date=April 2020}} A nearby town is named [[Captain Cook, Hawaii]]; several Hawaiian businesses also carry his name. The [[Apollo 15]] [[Apollo Command/Service Module|Command/Service Module]] ''Endeavour'',<ref>{{cite web |title=Call Signs |url=https://history.nasa.gov/SP-4029/Apollo_18-17_Call_Signs.htm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200228032512/https://history.nasa.gov/SP-4029/Apollo_18-17_Call_Signs.htm |archive-date=28 February 2020 |access-date=21 May 2011 |publisher=[[NASA]]}}</ref> the {{ship|Space Shuttle|Endeavour||6}},<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www-pao.ksc.nasa.gov/shuttle/resources/orbiters/Endeavour.html |work=John F. Kennedy Space Center website |title=Space Shuttle Endeavour |publisher=NASA |access-date=21 May 2011 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110521101826/http://www-pao.ksc.nasa.gov/shuttle/resources/orbiters/endeavour.html |archive-date=21 May 2011}}</ref> and the [[Crew Dragon Endeavour|Crew Dragon ''Endeavour'']];<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.collectspace.com/news/news-053020a-spacex-crew-dragon-name-endeavour.html |title=Astronauts name SpaceX spaceship 'Endeavour' after retired shuttle |date=30 May 2020 |access-date=2 June 2020 |archive-date=3 June 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200603035942/http://www.collectspace.com/news/news-053020a-spacex-crew-dragon-name-endeavour.html |url-status=live}}</ref> are named after Cook's ship. Another Space Shuttle, [[Space Shuttle Discovery|''Discovery'']], was named after Cook's {{HMS|Discovery|1774|6}}.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www-pao.ksc.nasa.gov/shuttle/resources/orbiters/Discovery.html |work=John F. Kennedy Space Center website |title=Space Shuttle Discovery |publisher=NASA |access-date=21 May 2011 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110610033909/http://www-pao.ksc.nasa.gov/shuttle/resources/orbiters/Discovery.html |archive-date=10 June 2011}}</ref> There is also a [[Statue of James Cook (Anchorage, Alaska)|statue of Cook]] at Resolution Park in [[Anchorage, Alaska]].

====Canada====
A [[Statue of James Cook (Victoria, British Columbia)|statue of James Cook in Victoria, BC, Canada]] was constructed in 1976. The statue was destroyed by protestors in 2021.<ref>{{cite news |last=Dickson |first=Courtney |title=Protesters toss statue of explorer James Cook into Victoria harbour; totem pole later burned |url=https://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/british-columbia/victoria-captain-cook-statue-vandalized-1.6088828 |date=2 July 2021 |publisher=[[CBC News]] |access-date=3 July 2021 |archive-date=3 July 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210703024735/https://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/british-columbia/victoria-captain-cook-statue-vandalized-1.6088828 |url-status=live}}</ref>