Editing Human body (section)

==== Nervous system ====
{{Main|Nervous system}}
[[File:Nervous system diagram.png|thumb|303x303px|Nervous system]]

The [[nervous system]] consists of the body's [[neuron]]s and [[glia]]l cells, which together form the [[Nerve|nerves]], [[Ganglion|ganglia]] and [[Grey matter|gray matter]], which in turn form the [[human brain|brain]] and related structures. The brain is the organ of [[thought]], emotion, [[memory]], and [[sensory processing]]; it serves many aspects of communication and controls various systems and functions. The [[special senses]] consist of [[Visual perception|vision]], [[hearing]], [[taste]], and [[Sense of smell|smell]]. The [[human eye|eyes]], [[ear]]s, [[tongue]], and [[human nose|nose]] gather information about the body's environment.<ref>{{cite encyclopedia |last1=Lagassé |first1=Paul |location=New York Detroit | title=Nervous System | encyclopedia=Columbia Encyclopedia | publisher=[[Columbia University Press]] Sold and distributed by [[Gale Group]] | edition=6th | date=2001 | isbn=978-0-7876-5015-5 | url=https://archive.org/details/columbiaencyclop00laga }}</ref>

From a structural perspective, the [[nervous system]] is typically subdivided into two component parts: the [[central nervous system]] (CNS), composed of the brain and the [[spinal cord]]; and the [[peripheral nervous system]] (PNS), composed of the nerves and [[Ganglion|ganglia]] outside the brain and spinal cord. The CNS is mostly responsible for organizing [[motion]], processing [[Sense|sensory information]], thought, memory, [[cognition]] and other such functions.<ref name="livescience.com">{{Cite news|first1=James |last1=Horton |first2=Alina |last2=Bradford |first3=Kim Ann |last3=Zimmermann|date=2022-03-25|title=Nervous System: Facts, Function & Diseases|url=https://www.livescience.com/22665-nervous-system.html|access-date=2023-02-08|website=livescience.com|language=en}}</ref> It remains a matter of some debate whether the [[central nervous system|CNS]] directly gives rise to [[consciousness]].{{cn|date=May 2023}} The [[peripheral nervous system]] (PNS) is mostly responsible for gathering information with [[sensory neuron]]s and directing body movements with [[motor neuron]]s.<ref name="livescience.com"/>

From a functional perspective, the nervous system is again typically divided into two component parts: the [[somatic nervous system]] (SNS) and the [[autonomic nervous system]] (ANS). The SNS is involved in voluntary functions like [[Speech|speaking]] and [[sense|sensory processes]]. The ANS is involved in involuntary processes, such as [[digestion]] and regulating [[blood pressure]].<ref>{{Cite web|title=Visual Guide to Your Nervous System|url=https://www.webmd.com/brain/ss/slideshow-nervous-system-overview|access-date=2023-02-08|website=WebMD|language=en}}</ref>

The nervous system is subject to many different diseases. In [[epilepsy]], abnormal electrical activity in the brain can cause [[Seizure|seizures]]. In [[multiple sclerosis]], the [[immune system]] attacks the [[myelin|nerve linings]], damaging the nerves' ability to transmit signals. [[ALS|Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis]] (ALS), also known as [[Lou Gehrig]]'s disease, is a [[motor neuron]] disease which gradually reduces movement in patients. There are also many other diseases of the nervous system.<ref name="livescience.com"/><!--and Female?-->