Editing History of the Philippines (section)

=== Cebu (historical polity) ===
{{Main|Cebu (historical polity)}}
[[File:Shiva_Bronze_Image_Mactan.png|thumb|left|A picture of a Bronze Image of the Hindu God [[Shiva]] (lost during World War 2), found at Mactan-Cebu. It shows how the culture of the area was Hindu and [[Greater India|Indianized]].]]
The Kingdom of Cebu was a precolonial state. It was founded by Sri Lumay otherwise known as Rajamuda Lumaya, who was a half Malay half Tamil (South Indian) from Sumatra.<ref name="Santarita">Santarita, J. B. (2018). Panyupayana: The Emergence of Hindu Polities in the Pre-Islamic Philippines. Cultural and Civilisational Links Between India and Southeast Asia, 93–105.</ref> The Chinese recorded the name of the Rajahanate of Cebu as 'Sokbu' (束務) in [[Hokkien]] or 'Suwu' in Mandarin.<ref name="CarmelaAng">[https://www.pacs.ph/wp-content/uploads/2015/10/03-Carmelea-final.pdf SONG, MING, AND OTHER CHINESE SOURCES ON PHILIPPINES-CHINA RELATIONS] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230308195840/https://www.pacs.ph/wp-content/uploads/2015/10/03-Carmelea-final.pdf |date=March 8, 2023 }} By Carmelea Ang See. Page 74.</ref> A kingdom of the same name as Suwu was mentioned to have existed as early as the year 1225, according to the Chinese Annals the Zhufan Zhi (諸蕃志)<ref name="Shao-yun">{{Cite web |url=https://storymaps.arcgis.com/stories/39bce63e4e0642d3abce6c24db470760 |title="A Chinese Gazetteer of Foreign Lands" A new translation of Part 1 of the Zhufan zhi 諸蕃志 (1225) By Shao-yun Yang (Department of History, Denison University) |access-date=December 30, 2022 |archive-date=February 1, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230201192535/https://storymaps.arcgis.com/stories/39bce63e4e0642d3abce6c24db470760 |url-status=live }}</ref> and the later 17th Century Chinese traders to the Philippines referred to Cebu using the same term, it is thus presumed to be the same location.<ref name="CarmelaAng" /> The Indianized royalty of Cebu ruled the native Cebuano people from the [[Sanskrit]]-labeled capital, [[Singhapala]]<ref name= "Astrid">[https://www.jstor.org/stable/29792596?read-now=1&refreqid=excelsior%3Ae66b04574962dd2277c44e2367352434&seq=28#page_scan_tab_contents THE GENEALOGY OF HARI' TUPAS: AN ETHNOHISTORY OF CHIEFLY POWER AND HIERARCHY IN SUGBU AS A PROTOSTATE Astrid Sala-Boza] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230405014411/https://www.jstor.org/stable/29792596?read-now=1&refreqid=excelsior:e66b04574962dd2277c44e2367352434&seq=28#page_scan_tab_contents |date=April 5, 2023 }} Page 280.</ref> which is Sanskrit<ref>{{Cite web|last=Lee|first=Joshua|url=https://mothership.sg/2016/12/5-other-places-in-asia-which-are-also-called-singapura/|title=5 other places in Asia which are also called Singapura|website=mothership.sg|access-date=January 14, 2022|archive-date=April 6, 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230406022412/https://mothership.sg/2016/12/5-other-places-in-asia-which-are-also-called-singapura/|url-status=live}}</ref> for "Lion City", the same root words as with the modern city-state of [[Singapore]]. This rajahnate warred against the 'magalos' (slave traders) of [[Maguindanao]] and had an alliance with the [[Rajahnate of Butuan]] and Indianized [[Kutai]] in South Borneo, before it was weakened by the insurrection of Datu [[Lapulapu]].<ref name="Panyupayana" /> The kingdom enjoyed the diplomatic recognition of Thailand as observed by Ferdinand Magellan's expedition which noted an embassy borne by a ship from Siam ([[Thailand]]) that had landed at the Rajahnate and had tributes meant for Rajah Humabon.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://magellanproject.org/author/jim/ |title=Notes from Mactan By Jim Foster |access-date=January 24, 2023 |archive-date=July 7, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230707154512/https://magellanproject.org/author/jim/ |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>[https://www.gutenberg.org/files/42884/42884-h/42884-h.htm#pb138 "PRIMO VIAGGIO INTORNO AL MONDO"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230123112908/https://www.gutenberg.org/files/42884/42884-h/42884-h.htm#pb138 |date=January 23, 2023 }} By Antonio Pigafetta. MS. composed ca. 1525, of events of 1519–1522 (Page 138)</ref>