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History of Eritrea
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===Relations with neighbours=== {{see also|2008 Djiboutian–Eritrean border conflict|2010 Eritrea–Ethiopia border skirmish}} The BBC published on 19 June 2008 a timeline of Eritrea's conflict with Ethiopia to that date and reported that the "Border dispute rumbles on":<ref name="19-June-2008">{{cite web|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/world/africa/country_profiles/1070861.stm|title=Eritrea profile - Timeline|date=15 November 2018|publisher=BBC News|website=www.bbc.com|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201009090421/https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-africa-13349395/|archive-date=9 October 2020|url-status=live}}</ref> * 2007 September – War could resume between Ethiopia and Eritrea over their border conflict, warns United Nations special envoy to the Horn of Africa, [[Kjell Magne Bondevik]]. * 2007 November – Eritrea accepts border line demarcated by international boundary commission. Ethiopia rejects it. * 2008 January – UN extends mandate of peacekeepers on Ethiopia-Eritrea border for six months. UN Security Council demands Eritrea lift fuel restrictions imposed on UN peacekeepers at the Eritrea-Ethiopia border area. Eritrea declines, saying troops must leave border. * 2008 February – UN begins pulling 1,700-strong peacekeeper force out due to lack of fuel supplies following Eritrean government restrictions. * 2008 April – UN Secretary-General Ban Ki Moon warns of likelihood of new war between Ethiopia and Eritrea if peacekeeping mission withdraws completely. Outlines options for the future of the UN mission in the two countries. * 2008 May – Eritrea calls on UN to terminate peacekeeping mission. In relation to the [[Djiboutian–Eritrean border conflict]]: * 2008 April — [[Djibouti]] accuses Eritrean troops of digging trenches at disputed [[Ras Doumeira]] border area and infiltrating Djiboutian territory.<ref name=AFP>{{cite news |url=http://afp.google.com/article/ALeqM5gL9QNBhsJcQ2P1Nemm-xo5bSLMkQ |title=Djibouti-Eritrea border skirmishes subside as toll hits nine |publisher=[[Agence France-Presse]] |date=June 13, 2008 |access-date=June 15, 2008 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080615151607/http://afp.google.com/article/ALeqM5gL9QNBhsJcQ2P1Nemm-xo5bSLMkQ |archive-date=2008-06-15 }}</ref> Eritrea denies charge. * 2008 June – Fighting breaks out between Eritrean and Djiboutian troops.<ref name=BBC-2008-06-12>{{cite news |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/africa/7450075.stm |title=US condemns Eritrea 'aggression' |publisher=BBC News |date=June 12, 2008 |access-date=June 15, 2008}}</ref> * 2009, 23 December — the [[United Nations Security Council Resolution 1907|UN Security Council imposed sanctions on Eritrea]] for providing support to armed groups undermining peace and reconciliation in Somalia and because it had not withdrawn its forces following clashes with Djibouti in June 2008. The sanctions consisted of an [[arms embargo]], travel restrictions and a freeze on the assets of its political and military leaders.<ref>{{cite web| url = https://www.un.org/press/en/2009/sc9833.doc.htm| title = Security Council Imposes Sanctions on Eritrea over Its Role in Somalia, Refusal to Withdraw Troops Following Conflict with Djibouti }}</ref> The sanctions were reinforced on 5 December 2011.<ref>{{cite web| url = http://www.un.org/press/en/2011/sc10471.doc.htm| title = Security Council, by Vote of 13 in Favour, Adopts Resolution Reinforcing Sanctions Regime against Eritrea 'Calibrated' to Halt All Activities Destabilizing Region}}</ref> * 2010 June — Djibouti and Eritrea agreed to refer the dispute to [[Qatar]] for mediation.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.voanews.com/a/eritrea-djibouti-to-enter-mediation-on-border-issue-95862894/154801.html |archive-url=https://archive.today/20130205192849/http://www1.voanews.com/english/news/africa/Eritrea-Djibouti-to-Enter-Mediation-on-Border-Issue-95862894.html |url-status=live |archive-date=February 5, 2013 |title=African Union Praises Eritrea, Djibouti Border Mediation |publisher=[[Voice of America]] |date=June 7, 2010 |access-date=8 June 2010 }}</ref> * 2017 June — Following the [[2017 Qatar diplomatic crisis]], Qatar withdrew its peacekeeping forces from the disputed territory. Shortly after, Djibouti accused Eritrea of reoccupying the mainland hill and Doumeira Island.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.reuters.com/article/us-djibouti-eritrea-border-idUSKBN1971JR |title=Djibouti, Eritrea in territorial dispute after Qatar peacekeepers leave |work=Reuters |date=June 16, 2017}}</ref> In relation to southern [[Somalia]]: In December 2009, the [[United Nations Security Council]] imposed sanctions on [[Eritrea]], accusing it of arming and providing financial aid to militia groups in southern Somalia's conflict zones.<ref name="Erunribsr">{{cite news|url=http://uk.reuters.com/article/idUKLDE62F297|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160118225306/http://uk.reuters.com/article/idUKLDE62F297|url-status=dead|archive-date=January 18, 2016|title=Eritrea rejects U.N. report it backs Somali rebels|publisher=Reuters|date= March 16, 2010|access-date=February 9, 2011}}</ref> <ref name="wapo20120705">{{cite news|url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/politics/us-hits-2-eritrean-army-officers-with-sanctions-for-supporting-radical-somali-islamists/2012/07/05/gJQAL2ckPW_story.html|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160822030507/https://www.washingtonpost.com/politics/us-hits-2-eritrean-army-officers-with-sanctions-for-supporting-radical-somali-islamists/2012/07/05/gJQAL2ckPW_story.html|archive-date=2016-08-22|title=US hits 2 Eritrean army officers with sanctions for supporting radical Somali Islamists|newspaper=The Washington Post|date=2012-07-05|agency=Associated Press|access-date=July 6, 2012|url-status=dead}}</ref> On July 16, 2012, a United Nations Monitoring Group reported that "it had found no evidence of direct Eritrean support for militia groups in the past year."<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.reuters.com/article/uk-eritrea-somalia-un-idUKBRE86F0AI20120716|title=Eritrea reduces support for al Shabaab – U.N. report|publisher=Reuters|date=July 16, 2012|access-date=July 16, 2012|archive-date=July 14, 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140714212709/http://www.reuters.com/article/2012/07/16/uk-eritrea-somalia-un-idUKBRE86F0AI20120716|url-status=live}}</ref> Since November 2020, Eritrea has been involved in the [[Tigray War]] (see [[Eritrean involvement in the Tigray War]]).
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