Editing Hindi cinema (section)

== Song and dance ==
[[File:Bollywood Playback Singers.jpg|thumb|alt=Group photo|Group of Bollywood singers at the 2015 Indian Singers' Rights Association (ISRA) meeting]]
[[File:Bollywood-Dance.jpg|thumb|Bollywood dance performance by college students]]
{{See also|Hindi film music|Filmi-ghazal|Filmi qawwali|Hindi dance music|List of singing actors in Indian cinema}}
Bollywood film music is called ''[[filmi]]'' (from the Hindi "of films"). Bollywood songs were introduced with Ardeshir Irani's ''Alam Ara'' (1931) song, "De De Khuda Ke Naam pay pyaare".<ref name="Ganesh">{{cite book|title=Bollywood Melodies: A History|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=lmrSLuBwbKkC|page=2|first=Ganesh|last=Anantharaman|isbn=978-0-14-306340-7|year=2008|publisher=Penguin Books India|access-date=13 March 2019}}</ref> Bollywood songs are generally pre-recorded by professional playback singers, with the actors then [[lip sync]]ing the words to the song on-screen (often while dancing). Although most actors are good dancers, few are also singers; a notable exception was [[Kishore Kumar]], who starred in several major films during the 1950s while having a rewarding career as a playback singer. [[Kundan Lal Saigal|K. L. Saigal]], Suraiyya, and [[Noor Jehan]] were known as singers and actors, and some actors in the last thirty years have sung one or more songs themselves.

Songs can make and break a film, determining whether it will be a flop or a hit: "Few films without successful musical tracks, and even fewer without any songs and dances, succeed".<ref name=":1">{{Cite journal |doi=10.1080/17513050903428117|title="I Need an Indian Touch": Glocalization and Bollywood Films|journal=Journal of International and Intercultural Communication|volume=3|pages=1–19|year=2010|last1=Rao|first1=Shakuntala|doi-access=free}}</ref> Globalization has changed Bollywood music, with lyrics an increasing mix of Hindi and English. Global trends such as salsa, pop and hip hop have influenced the music heard in Bollywood films.<ref name=":1" />

Playback singers are featured in the opening credits, and have fans who will see an otherwise-lackluster film to hear their favourites. Notable singers are [[Lata Mangeshkar]], [[Asha Bhosle]], [[Geeta Dutt]], [[Shamshad Begum]], [[Kavita Krishnamurthy]], [[Sadhana Sargam]], [[Alka Yagnik]] and [[Shreya Goshal]] (female), and K. L. Saigal, [[Kishore Kumar]], Talat Mahmood, [[Mukesh (singer)|Mukesh]], [[Mohammed Rafi]], [[Manna Dey]], [[Hemant Kumar]], [[Kumar Sanu]], [[Udit Narayan]] and [[Sonu Nigam]] (male). Composers of film music, known as music directors, are also well-known. [[Remix]]ing of film songs with modern rhythms is common, and producers may release remixed versions of some of their films' songs with the films' soundtrack albums.

Dancing in Bollywood films, especially older films, is modeled on Indian dance: classical dance, dances of north-Indian courtesans ([[tawaif]]) or [[folk dance]]s. In modern films, Indian dance blends with Western dance styles as seen on MTV or in Broadway musicals; Western pop and classical-dance numbers are commonly seen side-by-side in the same film. The hero (or heroine) often performs with a troupe of supporting dancers. Many song-and-dance routines in Indian films contain unrealistically-quick shifts of location or changes of costume between verses of a song. If the hero and heroine dance and sing a duet, it is often staged in natural surroundings or architecturally-grand settings.

Songs typically comment on the action taking place in the film. A song may be worked into the plot, so a character has a reason to sing. It may externalise a character's thoughts, or presage an event in the film (such as two characters falling in love). The songs are often referred to as a "dream sequence", with things happening which would not normally happen in the real world. Song and dance scenes were often filmed in [[Kashmir]] but, due to political unrest in Kashmir since the end of the 1980s,<ref>[https://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/south_asia/2935951.stm BBC News: Kashmir beckons Bollywood] (10 April 2003).</ref> they have been shot in western Europe (particularly [[Switzerland]] and [[Austria]]).<ref>[https://www.museum-gestaltung.ch/Htmls/Ausstellungen/Archiv/2002/Bollywood/E_Bollywood.html Bollywood – The Indian Cinema and Switzerland (2002)]. {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110118005321/https://www.museum-gestaltung.ch/Htmls/Ausstellungen/Archiv/2002/Bollywood/E_Bollywood.html |date=18 January 2011 }}</ref><ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20080218130229/https://www.hindu.com/2008/02/14/stories/2008021459770700.htm The Hindu: Bollywood boosts Austria's tourism potential]. (2008).</ref>

Contemporary movie stars attracted popularity as dancers, including [[Madhuri Dixit]], [[Hrithik Roshan]], [[Aishwarya Rai Bachchan]], [[Sridevi]], [[Meenakshi Seshadri]], [[Malaika Arora Khan]], [[Shahid Kapoor]], [[Katrina Kaif]] and [[Tiger Shroff]]. Older dancers include [[Helen (actress)|Helen]]<ref>{{cite web|title = Helen: Bollywood's Queen of Dance|url = https://www.huffingtonpost.co.uk/ben-mirza/helen-bollywoods-queen-of_b_2213570.html|website = The Huffington Post UK|access-date = 5 December 2015|language = en-GB|date = 2 December 2012}}</ref> (known for her cabaret numbers), [[Madhubala]], [[Vyjanthimala]], [[Padmini (actress)|Padmini]], [[Hema Malini]], [[Mumtaz (Indian actress)|Mumtaz]], [[Cuckoo Moray]],<ref>{{cite web|title = The Tragic ending of Cuckoo Moore – Helen remembers Cuckoo|url = https://cineplot.com/the-tragic-ending-of-cuckoo-moore-helen-remembers-cuckoo/|website = cineplot.com|access-date = 5 December 2015}}</ref> [[Parveen Babi]]<ref>{{cite web|title = Happy Birthday Parveen Babi|url = https://indianexpress.com/photos/entertainment-gallery/happy-birthday-parveen-babi/|website = The Indian Express|date = 4 April 2014|access-date = 5 December 2015|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20151208165452/https://indianexpress.com/photos/entertainment-gallery/happy-birthday-parveen-babi/|archive-date = 8 December 2015|url-status=dead}}</ref> [[Waheeda Rehman|, Waheeda Rahman]],<ref>{{cite web|title = World Dance Day: Top 6 dancing queens of Bollywood!|url = https://zeenews.india.com/entertainment/celebrity/world-dance-day-top-6-dancing-queens-of-bollywood_1586532.html|website = Zee News|access-date = 5 December 2015|date = 28 April 2015}}</ref> [[Meena Kumari]],<ref>{{cite web|title = 'Her Story' {{!}} Vinod Mehta {{!}} 1 Aug 2013|url = https://www.outlookindia.com/article/her-story/287253|website = www.outlookindia.com|access-date = 5 December 2015}}</ref> and [[Shammi Kapoor]].<ref>{{Cite news|title = Shammi Kapoor|url = https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/obituaries/culture-obituaries/film-obituaries/8705192/Shammi-Kapoor.html|website =The Telegraph|access-date = 5 December 2015|date = 16 August 2011}}</ref>

Film producers have been releasing soundtracks (as tapes or CDs) before a film's release, hoping that the music will attract audiences; a soundtrack is often more popular than its film. Some producers also release music videos, usually (but not always) with a song from the film.