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Hamm, North Rhine-Westphalia
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==Transport== ===Roads=== Hamm is linked to three [[motorway]]s: the [[Bundesautobahn 1]] (BAB 1 or A1, Puttgarden-Saarbrücken) named Hansaline with two connections (81 and 82), the (BAB 2 or A2, Oberhausen-Berlin) with three connections (17, 18 and 19) and the [[A445]] (Hamm-Arnsberg) which is connected by the B63 until the planned construction between Hamm and [[Werl]] is completed. The [[Kamener Kreuz]] is situated in the southwest of Hamm. Two federal routes (Bundesstrassen) the [[Bundesstrasse 61|B61]] and [[Bundesstrasse 61|B63]] intersect in the city centre. Several state roads (Landesstrassen) connect Hamm with its neighbouring towns and municipalities. ===Railways=== [[File:Hamm-Bahnhof2.JPG|right|thumb|200px|Hamm central station]] Hamm has three stations, the main railway station [[Hamm (Westfalen) railway station|Hamm (Westfalen)]] and two minor stations, one in Bockum-Hövel and the other one in Heessen. The main station is one of the biggest railway hubs in Germany, and connected with one of the largest [[marshalling yard]]s in Europe, the latter now only partly operating. Notable is the railway station for its [[Art Deco]] {{Lang|de|[[Gründerzeit]]}} inspired building styles. Hamm has been connected to the rail since 2 May 1847. Its huge [[Classification yard|railroad yard]]—Europe's biggest at the time<ref name=Germany>{{cite book|last1=Blank|first1=Ralf|last2=Echternkamp|first2=Jörg|last3=Fings|first3=Karola |author4=Jürgen Förster |author5=Winfried Heinemann |author6=Tobias Jersak |author7=Armin Nolzen|title=Germany and the Second World War: Volume IX/I: German Wartime Society 1939-1945: Politicization, Disintegration, and the Struggle for Survival|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=6jk4LBKB7I0C&pg=PA460|date=2008-07-03|publisher=Oxford UP|isbn=9780191608605|page=460}}</ref>—was bombed repeatedly during [[World War II]],<ref>{{cite book|last=Russell|first=Edward T.|title=The U.S. Army Air Forces in World War II: Leaping the Atlantic Wall : Army Air Forces Campaigns in Western Europe, 1942-1945|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=gpTLeIeelP0C&pg=PA26|year=1999|publisher=Government Printing Office|isbn=9780160613845|page=26}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|title=Air interdiction in World War II Korea and Vietnam...|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=3mRf8luCykkC&pg=PA19|publisher=DIANE |isbn=9781428993389|page=19}}</ref> as was the city itself (in December 1944 it was hit by eleven raids on one day).<ref name=Germany/> ===Buses=== The [[city bus]] network in Hamm is served by the Stadtwerke Hamm, with 65 buses, and the Verkehrsgesellschaft Breitenbach. A regional bus service is served by different companies and both nets serve the central [[bus station]], which is situated in front of the main railway station in the centre of Hamm. Hamm is part of the Verkehrsgemeinschaft Ruhr-Lippe. About 12 million people use the bus network every year, transported on 50 bus lines with 500 bus stops within the city. ===Canal network=== [[File:Karte des Datteln-Hamm-Kanals.png|400px|thumb|Datteln-Hamm-Kanal]] Hamm is the end of the [[Datteln-Hamm-Kanal]]; three ports are situated in the urban district: the city port, the canal end port of Uentrop, and the port of Gersteinwerk. The ports of Hamm are the second biggest canal port by freight transact, 1.4 million tons a year by [[ship]]s and 0.5 million tons by train. The city [[port]] allows for ships up to 110 metres length 11.45 meters width and 2.7 metres draft. It is linked with the railway by a track to the near main railway station and the marshaling yard. [[File:Hamm Flughafen.jpg|right|thumb|200px|Hamm light airfield]] ===Airports=== Near the city centre, in the meadows by the River Lippe, the Hamm sport airfield is situated. Its runway is 900 m long and 30 m wide. The [[airfield]] is operated by the Luftsportclub Hamm e.V. Hamm is situated in the middle of a triangle of three smaller international [[airport]]s, in the north the [[Münster Osnabrück Airport]] (FMO), in the south-west [[Dortmund Airport]] and in the east [[Paderborn Lippstadt Airport]]. The nearest large [[international airport]] is [[Düsseldorf Airport]].
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