Editing Golden Horde (section)

=== Edigu (1395–1419) ===

Temür Qutlugh was chosen Khan in Sarai while Edigu became co-ruler, and Koirijak was appointed sovereign of the White Horde by Timur.{{sfnp|Howorth|1880|p=287}} Tokhtamysh fled to the Grand Duchy of Lithuania and asked [[Vytautas]] for assistance in retaking the Golden Horde in exchange for suzerainty over the Russian lands. In 1399, Vytautas and Tokhtamysh attacked Temür Qutlugh and Edigu at the [[Battle of the Vorskla River]] but were defeated. The Golden Horde victory secured [[Kiev]], [[Podolia]], and some land in the lower [[Bug River]] basin. Tokhtamysh died in obscurity in [[Tyumen]] around 1405. His son [[Jalal al-Din Khan ibn Tokhtamysh|Jalal al-Din]] fled to Lithuania and participated in the [[Battle of Grunwald]] against the [[Teutonic Order]].{{sfn|Vernadsky|1953|p=282}}

Temür Qutlugh died in 1400 and his cousin [[Shadi Beg]] was elected khan with Edigu's approval. After defeating Vytautas, Edigu concentrated on strengthening the Golden Horde. He forbade selling Golden Horde subjects as slaves abroad. Later on the slave trade was resumed, but only Circassians were allowed to be sold. As a result, most of the [[Mamluk]] recruits in the 15th century were of Circassian origin. Timur died in 1405 and Edigu took advantage to seize Khwarezm a year later. From 1400 to 1408, Edigu gradually regained the eastern Russian tributaries, with the exception of Moscow, which he failed to take in a siege but ravaged the surrounding area. [[Smolensk]] was also lost to Lithuania. Shadi Beg rebelled against Edigu but was defeated and fled to [[Astrakhan]]. Shadi Beg was replaced by [[Pulad]], who died in 1410 and was succeeded by Temur Khan, the son of Temür Qutlugh. Temur Khan turned against Edigu and forced him to flee to Khwarezm in 1411. Temur himself was ousted the next year by Jalal al-Din, who returned from Lithuania and briefly took the throne. In 1414, [[Shah Rukh]] of the [[Timurids]] conquered Khwarezm. Edigu fled to the Crimea where he launched raids on Kiev and tried to forge an alliance with Lithuania to win back the horde. Edigu died in 1419 in a skirmish with one of Tokhtamysh's sons.{{sfn|Vernadsky|1953|pp=284–287}}