Editing Geography of Malaysia (section)

===Seismic activity===
{{See also|List of earthquakes in Malaysia|List of volcanoes in Malaysia}}
Malaysia is largely seismically stable with little modern history of volcanic activity, being situated entirely on the [[Sunda Plate|Sunda]] [[tectonic plate]], between two major boundaries of the [[Australian Plate]] and [[Eurasian Plate]] in the west of Peninsular Malaysia, and the [[Philippine Sea Plate]] and [[Eurasian Plate]] at East Malaysia.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Loi |first=Daniel W. |last2=Raghunandan |first2=Mavinakere E. |last3=Swamy |first3=Varghese |date=September 2018 |title=Revisiting seismic hazard assessment for Peninsular Malaysia using deterministic and probabilistic approaches |url=https://www.researchgate.net/publication/327655216_Revisiting_seismic_hazard_assessment_for_Peninsular_Malaysia_using_deterministic_and_probabilistic_approaches |journal=Natural Hazards and Earth System Sciences |volume=18}}</ref>

Peninsular Malaysia is more accustomed to only light tremors caused by earthquakes along the [[Sumatra]]n islands of [[Indonesia]] generated predominantly by the [[Great Sumatran fault]] and [[Sunda megathrust]].<ref>{{cite news|title= Keseismikan Malaysia| language=ms| url=http://www.met.gov.my/malay/pendidikan/seismologi/seismo01.html| publisher=Meteorological Department of Malaysia| access-date=30 July 2008 |archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20080624211810/http://www.met.gov.my/malay/pendidikan/seismologi/seismo01.html <!-- Bot retrieved archive --> |archive-date = 24 June 2008}}</ref> However, a pair of rare earthquakes that did not originate in Sumatra were felt in much of Malaya and Singapore on 31 January 1922 and 7 February 1922.<ref>{{Cite journal|last1=Martin|first1=Stacey Servito|last2=Wang|first2=Yu|last3=Muzli|first3=Muzli|last4=Wei|first4=Shengji|date=2020-05-27|title=The 1922 Peninsula Malaysia Earthquakes: Rare Intraplate Seismicity within the Sundaland Block in Southeast Asia|url=https://pubs.geoscienceworld.org/ssa/srl/article/586594/The-1922-Peninsula-Malaysia-Earthquakes-Rare|journal=Seismological Research Letters|volume=91|issue=5|pages=2531–2545|language=en|doi=10.1785/0220200052|s2cid=219744642 |issn=0895-0695}}</ref> As is with Singapore, the effects of tremors are also felt more significantly on skyscrapers common in populated centres in Malaysia due to the effects of [[mechanical resonance]]. East Malaysian states, particularly [[Sabah]], are at risk of more moderate [[Interplate earthquake|interplate]] and [[intraplate earthquake]]s due to its closer proximity to active tectonic activities along the [[Ring of Fire]], with record earthquakes in the country occurring in Sabah in 1923, 1951, [[1976 Sabah earthquake|1976]] and [[2015 Sabah earthquake|2015]] at an average of 6.0–6.5 [[Moment magnitude scale|M<sub>w</sub>]].<ref>{{cite web|title= Recent Earthquake Near Sabah, Malaysia| url= http://earthquaketrack.com/p/malaysia/sabah/recent?page=2| access-date=16 July 2015| work=earthquaketrack.com}}</ref> The fringes of Sabah also lay host to a series of the country's only volcanoes [[List of volcanoes in Malaysia|at the Tawau volcanic field and off the state's coast]]. Prominently, [[Mount Bombalai]] last erupted during the [[Holocene]] epoch, while the last major eruption in present-day Malaysia occurred during the formation of a chain of [[volcanic island]]s (prominently including [[Tiga Island, Malaysia|Pulau Tiga]]) off [[Kimanis Bay]] in 1897.{{Citation needed|date=November 2010}}

Interest towards [[tsunami]] risks to Malaysia has also heighten since the [[2004 Indian Ocean earthquake]]. Although the western coast of Peninsular Malaysia was largely shielded by Sumatra from the full effects of waves generated by the earthquake, weaker deflected tsunami waves [[Effect of the 2004 Indian Ocean earthquake on Malaysia|led to damage and casualties]] along the northwestern coast of Peninsular Malaysia, affecting coastal [[Perlis]], [[Kedah]], [[Penang]] and [[Perak]]. The disaster also highlights the risk of further tsunamis that may strike coasts in direct line of undersea faults, primarily around the [[South China Sea]].<ref>{{cite news| title= Dealing with a restless planet| url= http://www.nst.com.my/Weekly/PropertyTimes/News/Land%20Matters/20050714124802/Article/| archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20060822000158/http://www.nst.com.my/Weekly/PropertyTimes/News/Land%20Matters/20050714124802/Article/| url-status= dead| archive-date= 22 August 2006| author= Dr Salleh Buang| date= 26 April 2006| access-date= 31 July 2008| work= New Straits Times| df= dmy-all}}</ref>