Editing Ferdinand IV of Castile (section)

==Different versions of the king's death==
[[File:Últimos momentos del rey Fernando IV de Castilla y León.jpg|250px|thumb|left|''Last moments of King Ferdinand IV'', by [[José Casado del Alisal]], 1860. Currently displayed in the Palace of Senate, Spain.]]
Ferdinand IV died on 7 September 1312 in the city of Jaén, without anyone seeing him die. History and legend have intertwined indissolubly in what concerns the death of the monarch, who received at his death the nickname of "the Summoned", because of the mysterious circumstances in which it occurred. Ferdinand IV died aged 26, and when he died he left an only 1-year-old son, who would reign as [[Alfonso XI of Castile]].

The ''Chronicle of Fernando IV'', written around 1340, almost thirty years after the death of the king, describes the death of the Castilian-Leonese monarch in Chapter XVIII of the work, and the Carvajal brothers, thirty days Before that of Ferdinand IV, although it does not specify how the latter died:{{Sfn|Benavides|1860|pp=242–243}}

{{Blockquote|The King left Jaén, and went to Martos, and being and ordered to kill two knights who were in his house, because they were blamed for the death of a knight who was say they killed when the King was in Palencia, after leaving the house of the King one night, namedh Juan Alonso de Benavides. It is these knights, when the King ordered them to be killed, seeing that they were killed with treason, they said that they would summoned the King that he would appear before God with them on a trial after thirty days from that moment. They were dead, and the next day was the King with his army in Alcaudete, and every day he waited for the infante John of Castile, according to what was expectred from him...It is the King being in this siege of Alcaudete, took a very great ailment in such a way that he came to Jaén with the disease, and ate meat every day, and drank wine...And the day Thursday, seven days of September, the eve of Sancta Maria, the King went to bed, and a little after half a day they found him dead in hs bed, so that no one saw him die. This Thursday, the thirty days of the summons of the knights that he had killed in Martos were fulfilled...}}

In the chapter III of the ''Chronicle of Alfonso XI'', the death of Ferdinand IV is described in the same way as described in the ''Chronicle of Ferdinand IV''.{{Sfn|Cerdá y Rico|1787|pp=10–11}} The historian Diego Rodríguez de Almela, in his work ''Valerio de las historias escolásticas y de los hechos de España,'' which was written around the year 1472, related as follows the death of the monarch:{{Sfn|Rodríguez de Almela|Román|Moreno|1793|pp=230–231}}

{{Blockquote|King Ferdinand IV of Castile, who took Gibraltar, was in Martos, and were accused before him two knights, called the one Pedro Carbajal and the other Juan Alfonso de Carbajal, his brother, who both belonged to his court, that a night, while the King was in Palencia, they killed a knight named Gómez de Benavides, loved very much by the King, giving many indications and presumptions because it seemed that they had been killed him. King Ferdinand , using rigorous justice, made the two brothers arrest, and thrown from top of the Rock of Martos; before they were thrown out they said that God was their witness and knew the truth that they were not guilty in that death, and that the King ordered them to be kill without reason, that he was summoned from that day that they died in thirty days that he should appear with them in judgment before God. The knights were killed, and King Ferdinand came to Jaén. He realized that two days before the time was over he felt angry, ate meat and drank wine. As the day of the thirty-day period that the knights he killed placed him, he wanted to leave for Alcaudete, that his brother the infante Peter had taken the Moors, ate early, and lay down to sleep, which was in summer; and when they came to awaken him, they found him dead in bed, that no one should see him die. A great deal must be paid to the Judges before they proceed to execute justice, especially of blood, until they truly know the fact that justice must be carried out. As in the Genesis it reads: ''whoever draws blood without sin, God will demand it''. This King did not have the way that suited the execution of justice, and therefore ended as it.}}

Martín Ximena Jurado, a historian and chronicler of the 17th century in his work ''Catálogo de los Obispos de las Iglesias Catedrales de Jaén y Anales eclesiásticos de este Obispado'', described the Royal Church of Santa Marta in the city of Martos, where the remains of the Carvajal brothers, executed by order of Ferdinand IV, are buried. While describing the grave of the two brothers, he provided some information on the death of the monarch:{{Sfn|Ximena Jurado|1991|p=202}}

{{Blockquote|And more below it (it refers to the side chapel of the high altar on the side of the Epistle of the Royal Church of Santa Marta de Martos) you see on the wall a very small, humble arch near the ground and on it the next inscription, which manifests itself to be the Burial of the two knights Carvajal brothers, who were killed in the Rock of that village by order of the king Ferdinand the Fourth, who called the Summoned, because he was dead within the term that these knights pointed out to him, quoting it for the Divine Tribunal for the injustice that is said to them (Here is transcribed the inscription placed on the tombstone of the Carvajal brothers): Year 1310 by order of the King Ferdinand IV of Castile were demolished from this Rock brothers Pedro and Ivan Alfonso de Carvajal, knights of Calatrava, and buried in this place. Don Luís de Godoy, and the licenciado Quintanilla, knights and visitors of this Party, had this memory renewed in the year of 1595.}}
[[File:PeñaMartos.JPG|200px|thumb|right|View of the Rock de Martos, Jaén. According to tradition, from there were killed, by orders of Ferdinand IV, the Carvajal brothers on 7 August 1312.]]
[[Juan de Mariana]], writer and historian of the 17th century, described the conviction and execution of the Carvajal brothers in the city of Martos, and for the first time established the possible relationship between the legend of the emplacement before the Court of God of Ferdinand IV, and the emplacements suffered by [[Pope Clement V]] and King [[Philip IV of France]], both in 1314, two years after the death of the Castilian sovereign. The last Grand Master of the [[Knights Templar]], [[Jacques de Molay]], was burned at the stake in Paris in March 1314, and before his death, according to tradition, he ordered to appear before God within a year, Pope Clement V, King Philip IV of France and [[Guillaume de Nogaret]], responsible for the suppression of the Order of the Temple and the death of many of its members:{{Sfn|Mariana|1855|pp=465–466}}

{{Blockquote|The King, who was very careless of the events, set out for Alcaudete, where his army was. There he suffered such a great disease that he was forced to return to Jaén, but the Moors moved to deliver the town. The disease increased every day, so the King could not negotiate on his own. Still rejoicing at the news that the town was taken, he resolved in his thoughts new conquests, when on a Thursday which was counted seven days in the month of September, after having eaten retired to sleep, after a while they found him dead. He died in the flower of his age, which was twenty-four years and nine months, so that his business was prosperous. He had the Kingdom for seventeen years, four months and nineteen days, and it was the Fourth of his name. It was understood that his little order in eating and drinking would lead to death: others said that it was God's punishment that from the day he was quoted, until the time of his death (a wonderful and extraordinary thing) there were precisely thirty days. That is why among the Kings of Castile was named Ferdinand the Summoned. His body deposited in Córdova, because of the heat that still lasted, could not be taken to Seville nor to Toledo were was customary to take place the royal burials. The fame and the above-mentioned opinion, conceived in the minds of the common people, were increased by the death of two great princes who for the same reason died in the next two years: these were Philip the King of France and Pope Clement, both summoned by the Templars before the divine court while with fire and all kinds of torments sent them to punish and persecuted all that religion. Such was the fame that ran, if true if false, it is not known, but it is believed to be false: in what happened to King Ferdinand no one doubts...}}

Historian and archaeologist Francisco Simón y Nieto, in his book ''Una página del reinado de Fernando IV. Pleito seguido en Valladolid ante el rey y su corte en una sesión, por los personeros de Palencia contra el Obispo D. Álvaro Carrillo, 28 de mayo de 1298'', published in 1912, noted that the ultimate cause of the death of Ferdinand IV may have been due to a coronary [[Thrombosis]], but without discard others, such as [[Intracerebral hemorrhage]], acute [[Pulmonary edema]], [[Angina pectoris]], [[Myocardial infarction]], [[Embolism]], [[Syncope (medicine)|Syncope]] or others.{{Sfn|González Mínguez|1995|p=247}}