Editing Emergency department (section)

===Emergency department waiting times===
Emergency department (ED) waiting times have a serious impact on patient mortality, morbidity with [[Hospital Readmission|readmission]] in less than 30 days, length of stay, and patient satisfaction. The probability of death increases each 3 minutes for 1% in case of major injuries in the abdomen part. (Journal of Trauma and Acute Care Surgery<ref>{{Cite journal|title=Time to Laparotomy for Intra-abdominal Bleeding from Trauma Does Affect Survival for Delays Up to 90 Minutes|journal=Journal of Trauma and Acute Care Surgery|date=March 2002|volume=52|issue=3|pages=420–425|last1=Clarke|first1=John R.|last2=Trooskin|first2=Stanley Z.|last3=Doshi|first3=Prashant J.|last4=Greenwald|first4=Lloyd|last5=Mode|first5=Charles J.|doi=10.1097/00005373-200203000-00002|pmid=11901314}}</ref>) Equipment in emergency departments follows the prompt treatment principle with the least possible patient transfers from admittance to X-ray diagnostics. A review of the literature bears out the logical premise that since the outcome of treatment for all diseases and injuries is time-sensitive, the sooner treatment is rendered, the better the outcome.<ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Carter EJ, Pouch SM, Larson EL | title = The relationship between emergency department crowding and patient outcomes: a systematic review | journal = Journal of Nursing Scholarship | volume = 46 | issue = 2 | pages = 106–15 | date = March 2014 | pmid = 24354886 | doi = 10.1111/jnu.12055 | pmc = 4033834 }}</ref><ref>{{cite web|publisher=Ontario Ministry of Health and Long Term Care |date=2008 |title=Ontario Wait Times |url=http://www.health.gov.on.ca/en/pro/programs/waittimes/edrs/strategy.aspx |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150813012626/http://www.health.gov.on.ca/en/pro/programs/waittimes/edrs/strategy.aspx |archive-date=13 August 2015 |access-date=18 February 2022 }}</ref> Various studies reported significant associations between waiting times and higher mortality and morbidity among those who survived.<ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Guttmann A, Schull MJ, Vermeulen MJ, Stukel TA | title = Association between waiting times and short term mortality and hospital admission after departure from emergency department: population based cohort study from Ontario, Canada | journal = BMJ | volume = 342 | pages = d2983 | date = June 2011 | pmid = 21632665 | pmc = 3106148 | doi = 10.1136/bmj.d2983 }}</ref> It is clear from the literature that untimely hospital deaths and morbidity can be reduced by reductions in ED waiting times.<ref>{{cite web | first = Thomas A. | last = Sharon | name-list-style = vanc | publisher = Locatible Health Tech Hub | url = http://locatible.com/blog/higher-ed-waiting-times-cause-higher-mortality-houskeepers-cards/ | title = Shortening Emergency Department Waiting Times through Evidenced-Based Practice | date = 7 September 2015 | access-date = 7 September 2015 | archive-date = 10 April 2016 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20160410005409/http://locatible.com/blog/higher-ed-waiting-times-cause-higher-mortality-houskeepers-cards/ | url-status = dead }}</ref>