Editing Duke (section)

==== Portugal ====
{{main|List of dukedoms in Portugal}}

In Portugal, the title of duke was granted for the first time in 1415 to [[Pedro, Duke of Coimbra|infante Peter]] and [[Henry the Navigator|infante Henry]], the second and third sons of king [[John I of Portugal|John I]], following their participation in the successful [[Conquest of Ceuta]]. Pedro became the first [[Duke of Coimbra]] and Henry the first [[Duke of Viseu]].

From the reign of king [[Manuel I of Portugal|Manuel I]], the title of [[Duke of Beja]] was given to the second son of the monarch. This was changed during the Liberal regime in the 19th century (with [[Maria II of Portugal|Queen Maria II]]), when the first infante (second son of the monarch) got the title of [[Duke of Porto]] and the second infante (third son) was known as Duke of Beja.

There are examples of duke as a subsidiary title, granted to the most powerful noble houses:
* [[Duke of Barcelos]], to be used by the heir of the [[Duke of Braganza]];
* [[Duke of Torres Novas]], to be used by the heir of the [[Duke of Aveiro]];
* [[Duke of Miranda do Corvo]], to be used by the heir of the [[Duke of Lafões]].

Usually, the title of duke was granted to relatives of the royal family, such as the infantes or natural sons of the monarch. There are exceptions, such as [[António José de Ávila, 1st Duke of Ávila and Bolama|António José de Ávila]], who, although not having any relation to the royal family, was given the title of [[Duke of Ávila and Bolama]] in the 19th century.