Editing Diving (sport) (section)

=== Competitive diving injuries ===
[[File:Rio 2016. Polo aquatico. a33 11 (28660877160).jpg|thumb|right|200px|The Maria Lenk Aquatic Centre during the 2016 Olympics in Rio de Janeiro.]]

It has been commented that "Competitive diving poses unique risks for both traumatic and overuse injuries in practice and competition."<ref name="November 2023">{{cite journal |url=https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28902759/ |title=Competitive Diving Injuries: An Epidemiologic Review |author1=Derek Day |author2=Eleanor A. Belilos |author3=Matthew D. Maxwell |date=November 2023 |publisher=Elsevier |journal=Current Emergency and Hospital Medicine Reports |volume=16 |issue=5 |pages=351–356 |doi=10.1249/JSR.0000000000000401 |pmid=28902759 |access-date=29 May 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240610081809/https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28902759/|archive-date=10 June 2024 |url-status=live}}</ref>
It was commented further that "Head, cervical spine, shoulder, and lumbar spine injuries among others are not uncommon, though rates vary significantly in the literature. Existing data suggest that as the level of competition elevates, traumatic injuries (including head injury) become relatively less common, while overuse injuries predominate."<ref name="November 2023"/>

It has also been commented that "The most frequently injured areas are the wrist, shoulder, and lumbar spine."<ref>{{cite journal |url=https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/10230565/ |title=The basics of competitive diving and its injuries |author=B D Rubin |date=April 1999|publisher=Elsevier |journal=Clinics in Sports Medicine |volume=18 |issue=2 |pages=293–303 |doi=10.1016/s0278-5919(05)70145-9 |access-date=29 May 2024 |pmid=10230565 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240610081744/https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/10230565/|archive-date=10 June 2024 |url-status=live}}</ref>

When looking at "...(NCAA) swimming and diving injuries from 2009 to 2014... ...[it was found that there was] an injury rate of 1.94 injuries per 1000 athlete exposures (AE) for males and 2.49 injuries per 1000 AE for females, with more injuries happening during practice over competition."<ref name="2017 Diving injuries"/> It has also been found that "...2.1% of divers were injured in the 2008 Olympics... [and] ...8.1% of divers were injured in the 2012 Olympics."<ref name="2017 Diving injuries"/> It was further found that "...during the (FINA) World Championships of 2015, 2013, and 2009... ...older athletes in the diving, high diving, and water polo groups were in the highest risk group for injury."<ref name="2017 Diving injuries"/>

In relation to springboard diving it has been commented that "The injury-producing forces during the takeoff are related to jumping and deceleration... ...The most common injuries related to this part of the dive are patellar tendinitis, patellar tracking problems, quadriceps tendinitis, Jumper’s knee and patellofemoral compression syndrome commonly caused by repetitive stress placed on the patellar or quadriceps tendon during jumping. Vertical jump ability, as well as jumping and landing technique, are believed to influence tendon loading."<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.swimmingworldmagazine.com/news/3-reasons-for-knee-pain-during-your-diving-takeoff/ |title= 3 Reasons for Knee Pain During Your Diving Takeoff|author1=Jeff Comings |author2=G. John Mullen |date=21 May 2014 |publisher=Swimming World Magazine |access-date=29 May 2024 }}</ref>

It has also been commented that 10-metre platform diving can also "...cause repetitive strain injuries from repeatedly pushing off the concrete platform."<ref name="July 2021">{{Cite news|url=https://www.latimes.com/sports/olympics/story/2021-07-29/broken-wrists-concussions-brutal-nature-olympics-diving
|title=Broken wrists, twisted necks and concussions: The brutal nature of Olympic diving
|date=29 July 2021
|last=Wharton|first=David 
|newspaper=LA Times
|access-date=29 May 2024
|archive-url=http://web.archive.org/web/20240525094029/https://www.latimes.com/sports/olympics/story/2021-07-29/broken-wrists-concussions-brutal-nature-olympics-diving |archive-date=25 May 2024|url-status=live}}</ref>

It has further been commented that "Concussions are relatively common, as are pulmonary contusions in which the force of impact bruises the lungs."<ref name="July 2021"/> Other injuries that may occur include torn triceps muscles,<ref name="July 2021"/> torn ACL ligaments<ref name="July 2021"/> and lower back issues.<ref name="July 2021"/>

When entering the water divers spread their arms and somersault "...either forward or backward underwater...[giving] the illusion of a vertical entry and pull extra water down that hole with them in a maneuver that stresses lower back muscles and hip flexors."<ref name="July 2021"/> When divers performs this underwater somersault, it is extremely inadvisable to attempt to scoop the trajectory underwater against the rotation as it can cause serious back injuries.

Injuries that diver Tom Daley has received include "...concussions, torn triceps, broken ribs, [as well as having] coughed up blood."<ref name="August 2023"/> Tom also has a scar on the top of his head<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.radiotimes.com/tv/sport/tom-daley-i-swear-underwater-a-lot/|title=Tom Daley: I swear underwater a lot|date=18 July 2011|work=Radio Times|access-date=4 June 2024
|archive-date=4 June 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240604075725/https://www.radiotimes.com/tv/sport/tom-daley-i-swear-underwater-a-lot/|url-status=live}}</ref> from hitting his head on the diving board.

Tom has also described the deterioration of a knee injury that he received; "During the [[COVID-19 lockdowns|first lockdown in 2020]] I’d torn some cartilage in my knee, but there was no pain and I continued to train. Just when the Olympics was only eight weeks away my knee got tighter and tighter, like a screw being turned. It became locked in a position and I couldn’t straighten it or bend it... ...We booked a scan. We thought maybe it just needed an injection to get it moving again. The doctor also mooted the idea that it might need keyhole surgery. From there I was sent for an MRI scan. From the scan, we could see that the cartilage had not only torn, it had also flipped up and the joint had come back down on top of it... ...It can be flattened and sewn back down, but the surgeon described it as being a bit like a bent credit card that may snap up again or cause more problems. The only other way to fix the problem was to take it out. “There is a recovery time of four to six weeks,” the doctor said... ...A couple of weeks after surgery, I was back in the pool, building my diving back up again."<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.thetimes.com/life-style/health-fitness/article/tom-daleys-covid-ordeal-my-oxygen-levels-were-dropping-zpnncx5mb|title=Tom Daley's Covid ordeal: 'My oxygen levels were dropping'|last=Mulkerrins|first=Jane|date=1 October 2021|work=[[The Times]]|access-date=30 May 2024|url-status=live|archive-url=https://archive.today/20220801043524/https://www.thetimes.co.uk/article/tom-daleys-covid-ordeal-my-oxygen-levels-were-dropping-zpnncx5mb |archive-date=1 August 2022}}</ref>