Editing Demographics of the Philippines (section)

==Ethnic groups and modern immigrants in the Philippines==
{{update|reason=2020 ethnic group statistics by PSA is now available|date=September 2023}}

[[File:Blumentritt - Ethnographic map of the Philippines, 1890.jpg|thumb|Ethnographic map of the Philippines, 1890]]
{{main|Ethnic groups in the Philippines|Immigration to the Philippines|Genetic and anthropology studies on Filipinos}}
{{further|Filipinos}}
The majority of the people in the Philippines are related to [[Austronesian peoples]]. According to the CIA Factbook, the largest ethnic groups as of 2020 are the [[Tagalog people|Tagalogs]] (26%), the [[Visayan|Bisaya people]] (14.3%), the [[Ilocano people]] (8%), the [[Bicolano people]] (6.5%), the [[Waray people]] (3.8%), the [[Kapampangan people]] (3.0%), the [[Pangasinan people]] (1.9%), and the [[Maguindanao people]] (1.9%), among other local ethnicities (18.5%).<ref>{{Citation |title=Country Summary |work=The World Factbook |url=https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/philippines/summaries/ |access-date=2024-01-31 |publisher=Central Intelligence Agency |language=en |archive-date=January 31, 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240131141214/https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/philippines/summaries/ |url-status=live }}</ref> The [[indigenous peoples of the Philippines]] form a minority of the population. Other large ethnic groups include Filipinos of [[Filipinos of Japanese descent|Japanese]], [[Filipinos of Indian descent|Indian]], [[Filipinos of Chinese descent|Chinese]], [[Filipinos of Spanish descent|Spanish]], and [[Filipinos of American descent|American]] descent. There are more than 175 ethnolinguistic groups in the Philippines, each with their own, identity, literature, tradition, music, dances, foods, beliefs, and history, but which form part of the tapestry of [[Filipino culture]]. The latest censuses did not take account of ethnicity, and the only census that included questions on ethnicity is of the 2000 census. 

Nevertheless, a 2019 Anthropology Study by Matthew Go, published in the Journal of Human Biology, using physical anthropology, estimated that, 72.7% of Filipinos are Asian, 12.7% of Filipinos can be classified as Hispanic (Latin-American Mestizos or Austronesian-Spanish Mestizos), 7.3% as Indigenous American, African at 4.5% and European at 2.7%.<ref name="PhilippineAnthropologyStudy">An Inter-University Study published in the Journal of Forensic Anthropology concluded that the bodies curated by the University of the Philippines, representing the country, showed the percentage of the population that's phenotypically classified as Hispanic is 12.7%, while that of Indigenous American is 7.3%. Thus totaling to 20% of the sample representative of the Philippines, are Latino in physical appearance.
{{Cite journal |last1=Dudzik |first1=Beatrix |last2=Go |first2=Matthew C. |date=2019-01-01 |title=Classification Trends Among Modern Filipino Crania Using Fordisc 3.1 |url=https://www.academia.edu/38744342 |journal=Human Biology |language=en |publisher=University of Florida Press |volume=2 |issue=4 |pages=1–11 |doi=10.5744/fa.2019.1005 |access-date=September 13, 2020 |quote=[Page 1] ABSTRACT: Filipinos represent a significant contemporary demographic group globally, yet they are underrepresented in the forensic anthropological literature. Given the complex population history of the Philippines, it is important to ensure that traditional methods for assessing the biological profile are appropriate when applied to these peoples. Here we analyze the classification trends of a modern Filipino sample (n = 110) when using the Fordisc 3.1 (FD3) software. We hypothesize that Filipinos represent an admixed population drawn largely from Asian and marginally from European parental gene pools, such that FD3 will classify these individuals morphometrically into reference samples that reflect a range of European admixture, in quantities from small to large. Our results show the greatest classification into Asian reference groups (72.7%), followed by Hispanic (12.7%), Indigenous American (7.3%), African (4.5%), and European (2.7%) groups included in FD3. This general pattern did not change between males and females. Moreover, replacing the raw craniometric values with their shape variables did not significantly alter the trends already observed. These classification trends for Filipino crania provide useful information for casework interpretation in forensic laboratory practice. Our findings can help biological anthropologists to better understand the evolutionary, population historical, and statistical reasons for FD3-generated classifications. The results of our studyindicate that ancestry estimation in forensic anthropology would benefit from population-focused research that gives consideration to histories of colonialism and periods of admixture. |doi-access=free |archive-date=January 7, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210107133718/https://www.academia.edu/38744342/Classification_Trends_Among_Modern_Filipino_Crania_Using_Fordisc_3_1 |url-status=live }}</ref> However, this is only according to an interpretation of the data wherein the reference groups, which were cross checked to the Filipino samples; for the Hispanic category, were [[Mexican-Americans]], and the reference groups for the: European, African, and Indigenous American, categories, were: [[White Americans]], [[Black Americans]], and [[Native American people|Native Americans from the USA]], while the Asian reference groups were sourced from Chinese, Japanese, and Vietnamese origins.<ref name="PhilippineAnthropologyStudy" /> 

In contrast, a different anthropology study using Morphoscopic ancestry estimates in Filipino crania using multivariate probit regression models by J. T. Hefner, while analyzing Historic and Modern samples of Philippine skeletons, paint a different picture,<ref name="Hefner">{{Cite journal |last=Go |first=Matthew C. |last2=Hefner |first2=Joseph T. |date=14 January 2020 |title=Morphoscopic ancestry estimates in Filipino crania using multivariate probit regression models |journal=[[American Journal of Biological Anthropology]] |url=https://drive.google.com/file/d/1-4SZJB85wqPf4BhQHeREnHqvUQ6pBE10/view?usp=sharing|volume=172 |issue=3 |doi=10.1002/ajpa.24008}}</ref> in that, when the reference group for "Asian" was Thailand (Southeast Asians) rather than Chinese, Japanese, and Vietnamese; and the reference group for "Hispanic" was [[People of Colombia|Colombian]]s (South Americans) rather than Mexicans,<ref name="Hefner" /> the historical and modern sample results for Filipinos, yielded the following ratios: Asian at 48.6%, African at 32.9%, and only a small portion classifying as either European at 12.9%, and finally for Hispanic at 5.7%.<ref name="Hefner" />

The total number of immigrants and expats in Philippines as of the 2010 census is 177,365.<ref>{{Cite web |date=November 19, 2012 |title=Foreign Citizens in the Philippines (Results from the 2010 Census) |url=https://psa.gov.ph/content/foreign-citizens-philippines-results-2010-census |access-date=October 19, 2020 |website=psa.gov.ph |publisher=Philippine Statistics Authority |archive-date=October 20, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201020165428/https://psa.gov.ph/content/foreign-citizens-philippines-results-2010-census |url-status=live }}</ref> By country:<ref>{{Cite web |title=Household Population by Country of Citizenship: Philippines, 2010 |url=https://psa.gov.ph/sites/default/files/attachments/hsd/pressrelease/Citizenship%20by%20Country.pdf |access-date=October 19, 2020 |website=2010 Census of Population and Housing |publisher=Philippine Statistics Authority |archive-date=November 16, 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151116101554/https://psa.gov.ph/sites/default/files/attachments/hsd/pressrelease/Citizenship%20by%20Country.pdf |url-status=live }}</ref>
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*United States of America: 29,972
*China: 28,705
*Japan: 11,584
*India: 9,007
*Korea, South: 5,822
*Korea, North: 4,846
*Canada: 4,700
*United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland: 3,474
*Australia: 3,360
*Germany: 3,184
*Indonesia: 2,781
*Taiwan: 1,538
*Italy: 1,460
*Afghanistan: 1,019
*France: 1,014
*Spain: 1,009
*Switzerland	872
*Turkey: 739
*Singapore: 691
*South Africa: 681
*Malaysia: 673
*Saudi Arabia: 621
*Norway: 550
*Israel: 514
*Sweden: 513
*Iran: 498
*Tunisia: 479
*Belgium: 445
*Congo: 444
*Austria: 424
*Pakistan: 421
*Netherlands: 407
*Algeria: 389
*Ecuador: 387
*Denmark: 374
*United Arab Emirates: 368
*Ireland: 362
*Myanmar: 355
*Vietnam: 351
*Oman: 342
*New Zealand: 325
*Thailand: 286
*Hungary: 206
*Nigeria: 162
*Jordan: 150
*Sri Lanka: 146
*Kuwait: 144
*Egypt: 135
*Brazil: 134
*Bangladesh: 133
*Greece: 129
*Portugal: 127
*Argentina: 125
*Mexico: 123
*Russia: 120
*East Timor: 119
*Armenia: 115
*Lebanon: 110
*Cape Verde: 109
*Colombia: 106
*Suriname: 106
*Qatar: 102
*Others: 1,617
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