Editing Dallas (section)

==Economy==
{{See also|List of companies in Dallas|Texas Stock Exchange|List of shopping malls in the Dallas–Fort Worth Metroplex}}
{| class="wikitable floatright" style="font-size:90%; text-align:center;"
|-
| colspan="6" style="background:tan;" |'''Top publicly traded companies<br />in Dallas for 2017'''<br />according to revenues<br />with Dallas and U.S. ranks.
|-
| style="background:#ccc;" |'''DAL'''|| style="background:#ccc;" |'''Corporation'''|| style="background:#ccc;" |'''US'''
|-
|1||[[AT&T Inc.|AT&T]]||9
|-
|2||[[Energy Transfer Equity]]|||79
|-
|3||[[Tenet Healthcare]]||134
|-
|4||[[Southwest Airlines]]||138
|-
|5||[[Texas Instruments]]||206
|-
|6||[[Jacobs Engineering]]||259
|-
|7||[[HF Sinclair]]||274
|-
|8||[[Dean Foods]]||351
|-
|9||Builders FirstSource||421
|-
| colspan="5" |{{Further|List of companies in the Dallas–Fort Worth metroplex|l1=List of companies in Dallas–Fort Worth}}'''''Source:''''' ''Dallas Morning News''<ref name="Dallas Morning News">{{cite news | title = Dallas–Fort Worth lands 22 companies on this year's Fortune 500 | url = https://www.dallasnews.com/business/business/2017/06/07/dallas-fort-worthlands-22-companies-years-fortune-500 | newspaper = [[The Dallas Morning News]] | first = Pat | last = O'Donnell | date = June 7, 2017 | access-date=June 7, 2017}}</ref>
|}
[[File:Federal Reserve Bank of Dallas 1.jpg|thumb|upright|[[Federal Reserve Bank of Dallas]]]]
[[File:Comerica Bank Tower 01.jpg|thumb|upright|[[Comerica Bank Tower]]]]
[[File:GalleriaMallBarreledSkyLight.jpg|thumb|[[Galleria Dallas]]]]
In its beginnings, Dallas relied on farming, neighboring [[Fort Worth, Texas|Fort Worth]]'s [[Fort Worth Stockyards|Stockyards]], and its prime location on Native American trade routes to sustain itself. Dallas's key to growth came in 1873 with the construction of multiple [[Rail road|rail]] lines through the city. As Dallas grew and technology developed, cotton became its boon and by 1900, Dallas was the largest inland cotton market in the world, becoming a leader in [[cotton gin]] machinery manufacturing.

By the early 1900s, Dallas was a hub for economic activity all over the Southern United States and was selected in 1914 as the seat of the [[Federal Reserve Bank of Dallas|Eleventh Federal Reserve District]]. By 1925, Texas churned out more than {{frac|1|3}} of the nation's cotton crop, with 31% of Texas cotton produced within a {{convert|100|mi|km|adj=on}} [[radius]] of Dallas. In the 1930s, petroleum was discovered east of Dallas, near [[Kilgore, Texas|Kilgore]]. Dallas's proximity to the discovery put it immediately at the center of the nation's petroleum market. Petroleum discoveries in the [[Permian Basin (North America)|Permian Basin]], the [[Texas Panhandle|Panhandle]], the [[Gulf Coast of the United States|Gulf Coast]], and [[Oklahoma]] in the following years further solidified Dallas's position as the hub of the market.<ref name="paynechapV">{{cite book|last=Payne |first=Darwin |title= Dallas, an illustrated history |year=1982 |publisher=Windsor Publications |location=Woodland Hills, California |isbn= 0-89781-034-1 |pages=189–221 |chapter= Chapter VII: The Emergence of "Big D"}}</ref>

The end of [[World War II]] left Dallas seeded with a nexus of communications, engineering, and production talent by companies such as Collins Radio Corporation. Decades later, the telecommunications and information revolutions still drive a large portion of the local economy. The city is sometimes referred to as the heart of "[[Silicon Prairie]]" because of a high concentration of telecommunications companies in the region, the epicenter of which lies along the [[Telecom Corridor]] in [[Richardson, Texas|Richardson]], a northern suburb of Dallas. The Telecom Corridor is home to more than 5,700 companies including [[Texas Instruments]] (headquartered in Dallas), [[Nortel Networks]], [[Alcatel Lucent]], [[AT&T Inc.|AT&T]], [[Ericsson]], [[Fujitsu]], [[Nokia]], [[Rockwell Collins]], [[Cisco Systems]], [[T-Mobile US|T-Mobile]], [[Verizon Communications]], and [[CompUSA]] (which is now headquartered in [[Miami]], [[Florida]]).<ref>[http://www.telecomcorridor.com/ Telecom Corridor website]. Retrieved February 21, 2006.</ref> Texas Instruments, a major manufacturer, employs 10,400 people at its corporate headquarters and chip plants in Dallas.<ref>[http://www.ti.com/corp/docs/company/factsheet.shtml Texas Instruments] – [http://www.ti.com/corp/docs/company/factsheet.shtml Fact Sheet]. Retrieved October 1, 2006.</ref>

In the 1980s Dallas was a real estate hotbed, with the increasing metropolitan population bringing with it a demand for new housing and office space. Several of [[Downtown Dallas|Downtown]] Dallas's largest buildings are the fruit of this boom, but over-speculation, the [[savings and loan crisis]] and an oil bust brought the 1980s building boom to an end for Dallas as well as its sister city Houston. Between the late 1980s and the early 2000s, central Dallas went through a slow period of growth. However, since the early 2000s the central core of Dallas has been enjoying steady and significant growth encompassing both repurposing of older commercial buildings in Downtown Dallas into residential and hotel uses, as well as the construction of new office and residential towers. The opening of [[Klyde Warren Park]], built across [[Texas State Highway Spur 366|Woodall Rodgers Freeway]] seamlessly connecting the central Dallas CBD to Uptown/Victory Park, has acted synergistically with the highly successful Dallas Arts District, so both have become catalysts for significant new development in central Dallas.

The residential real estate market in the [[Dallas–Fort Worth metroplex]] has not only been resilient but has once again returned to a boom status. Dallas and the greater metro area have been leading the nation in apartment construction and net leasing, with rents reaching all-time highs. Single family home sales, whether pre-owned or new construction, along with home price appreciation, were leading the nation since 2015.<ref name="Economic Snapshot">{{cite news|title=DFW Apartment Boom Hits Region|url=http://www.bizjournals.com/dallas/news/2015/07/01/dfw-apartment-boom-hits-region-with-all-time.html|newspaper=Dallas Business Journal|access-date=July 1, 2015}}</ref><ref name="Dallas Residential Real Estate">{{cite news | title = Dallas Area Home Price Growth Dwarfs National Gains | url = https://www.dallasnews.com/business/residential-real-estate/20150630-dallas-area-home-price-growth-dwarfs-national-gains.ece | first = Steve | last = Brown | newspaper = [[The Dallas Morning News]] | date = June 30, 2015 | access-date = June 30, 2015 | archive-date = July 7, 2015 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20150707010853/http://www.dallasnews.com/business/residential-real-estate/20150630-dallas-area-home-price-growth-dwarfs-national-gains.ece | url-status = dead }}</ref>

A sudden drop in the price of oil, starting in mid-2014 and accelerating throughout 2015, has not significantly affected Dallas and its greater metro area due to the highly diversified nature of its economy. Dallas and the metropolitan region continue to see strong demand for housing, apartment and office leasing, shopping center space, warehouse and industrial space with overall job growth remaining very robust. Oil-dependent cities and regions have felt significant effects from the downturn, but Dallas's growth has continued unabated, strengthening in 2015. Significant national headquarters relocations to the area (as exemplified by Toyota's decision to leave [[California]] and establish its new North American headquarters in the Dallas area) coupled with significant expansions of regional offices for a variety of corporations and along with company relocations to Downtown Dallas helped drive the boom in the Dallas economy.

=== Major businesses ===
The Dallas–Fort Worth area has one of the largest concentrations of corporate headquarters for publicly traded companies in the United States. ''Fortune Magazine''{{'s}} 2022 annual list of the Fortune 500 in America indicates the city of Dallas had 11 Fortune 500 companies,.<ref name="Fortune-2022" /> and the DFW region as a whole had 23.<ref name="Fortune-2022a" /> As of 2022, Dallas–Fort Worth represents the second-largest concentration of Fortune 500 headquarters in Texas and fourth-largest in the United States, behind the metropolitan areas of [[Greater Houston|Houston]] (24), [[Chicago metropolitan area|Chicago]] (35) and [[New York metropolitan area|New York]] (62).<ref name="Fortune-2022a" />

In 2008, [[AT&T Inc.|AT&T]] relocated their headquarters to Downtown Dallas;<ref>{{cite news|title=AT&T Making a Move|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2008/06/30/technology/30phone.html|newspaper=The New York Times|date=June 30, 2008 |access-date=June 30, 2008}}</ref> AT&T is the largest telecommunications company in the world and was the ninth largest company in the nation by revenue for 2017.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.forbes.com/sites/antoinegara/2017/05/24/the-worlds-largest-telecom-companies-att-and-verizon-top-china-mobile/#f0a9a30a4523|title=The World's Largest Telecom Companies: AT&T And Verizon Top China Mobile|website=Forbes|access-date=May 24, 2017 |date=May 24, 2017 |first=Antoine |last=Gara}}</ref> Additional [[Fortune 500]] companies headquartered in Dallas in order of ranking include [[Energy Transfer Equity]], [[CBRE Group|CBRE]] (which moved its headquarters from Los Angeles to Dallas in 2020),<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.bizjournals.com/dallas/news/2020/10/28/cbre-headquarters-relocation.html|title=CBRE relocating headquarters to Dallas from Los Angeles, sources say|access-date=February 12, 2022|website=Dallas Business Journal |date=Oct 28, 2020 |first1=Ryan |last1=Salchert |first2=Taylor |last2=Tompkins |url-status=live |archive-url=https://archive.today/20201028181308/https://www.bizjournals.com/dallas/news/2020/10/28/cbre-headquarters-relocation.html |archive-date=October 28, 2020}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Real estate brokerage CBRE moves headquarters from Los Angeles to Dallas|url=https://finance.yahoo.com/news/real-estate-brokerage-cbre-moves-193907122.html|access-date=February 12, 2022|website=Yahoo Finance |date=October 29, 2020 |language=en-US |first=Roger |last=Vincent}}</ref> [[Tenet Healthcare]], [[Southwest Airlines]], Texas Instruments, [[Jacobs Engineering]], [[HollyFrontier]], [[Dean Foods]], and Builders FirstSource. In October 2016, Jacobs Engineering, one of the world's largest engineering companies, relocated from [[Pasadena, California]] to Downtown Dallas.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.bizjournals.com/dallas/news/2016/10/24/jacobs-engineering-global-hq-dallas-california.html|title=Global engineering firm to relocate headquarters from California to Dallas|website=Bizjournals.com|access-date=August 27, 2017}}</ref>

Nearby Irving is home to six Fortune 500 companies of its own, including [[McKesson Corporation|McKesson]], the country's largest pharmaceutical distributor and listed at number seven overall on the 2021 Fortune 500 list,<ref>{{Cite web|date=December 1, 2018|title=Largest Pharmaceutical Company in U.S. Moving its HQ from California to DFW|url=https://www.dmagazine.com/commercial-real-estate/2018/11/largest-pharmaceutical-company-in-u-s-moving-headquarters-from-california-to-dfw/|access-date=February 12, 2022|website=D Magazine|language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.bizjournals.com/dallas/news/2018/11/30/mckesson-relocates-headquarters-to-north-texas.html|title=Fortune 500 company to move headquarters from California to DFW|access-date=February 12, 2022|website=www.bizjournals.com}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Fortune 500|url=https://fortune.com/fortune500/2021/|access-date=February 12, 2022|website=Fortune|language=en}}</ref> [[Fluor Corporation|Fluor]] (engineering), [[Kimberly-Clark]], [[Celanese]], [[The Michaels Companies|Michaels Companies]], and [[TXU Energy|Vistra Energy]].<ref name="Fortune 500">{{cite magazine|title=Fortune 500|url=http://fortune.com/fortune500/|magazine=Fortune Magazine|access-date=June 7, 2017}}</ref> [[Plano, Texas|Plano]] is home to an additional four Fortune 500 companies, including [[J.C. Penney]], [[Alliance Data Systems]], [[Yum China]], and [[Keurig Dr Pepper|Dr. Pepper Snapple]].<ref name="Fortune 500" /> Fort Worth is home to two [[Fortune 500]] companies, including [[American Airlines]], the largest airline in the world by revenue, fleet size, profit, passengers carried and revenue passenger mile and [[D.R. Horton]], the largest homebuilder in America.<ref name="Fortune 500" /> Westlake, TX, north of Fort Worth, now has two Fortune 500 companies: Financial services giant, [[Charles Schwab Corporation|Charles Schwab]], and convenience store distributor, [[Core-Mark]].<ref>{{Cite web|date=November 29, 2019|title=Charles Schwab's move to DFW shakes up leaderboard in region already undergoing changes|url=https://www.wfaa.com/article/news/local/charles-schwabs-move-to-dfw-shakes-up-leaderboard-in-region-already-undergoing-changes/287-36f72c12-37ae-4f7c-bce0-7d6eed949316|access-date=February 12, 2022|website=wfaa.com|language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|date=September 6, 2018|title=Fortune 500 Company Relocating From California to DFW|url=https://www.dmagazine.com/commercial-real-estate/2018/09/fortune-500-company-relocating-to-dfw/|access-date=February 12, 2022|website=D Magazine|language=en-US}}</ref> One Fortune 500 company, [[GameStop]], is based in [[Grapevine, Texas|Grapevine]].
[[File:NorthPark Center March 2017 4.jpg|thumb|left|[[NorthPark Center]]]]
Additional major companies headquartered in Dallas and its metro area include [[Comerica]], which relocated its national headquarters to Downtown Dallas from [[Detroit]] in 2007,<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.toledoblade.com/business/2007/03/06/Comerica-Inc-to-relocate-headquarters-from-Detroit-to-Dallas.html|title=Comerica Inc. to relocate headquarters from Detroit to Dallas|website=toledoblade.com|access-date=March 6, 2007}}</ref> NTT DATA Services, Regency Energy Partners, [[Atmos Energy]], [[Neiman Marcus]], [[AECOM]], [[Think Finance]], [[7-Eleven]], [[Brinker International]], Primoris Services, [[AMS Pictures]], [[id Software]], [[Mary Kay Cosmetics]], [[Chuck E. Cheese's]], [[Zale Corporation]], and [[Fossil, Inc.|Fossil, Inc]]. Many of these companies—and others throughout the DFW metroplex—comprise the [[Dallas Regional Chamber]]. [[Susan G. Komen for the Cure]], the world's largest breast cancer organization, was founded and is headquartered in Dallas.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://jerusalem.usconsulate.gov/pr-03272007b.html |title=Ambassador Nancy G. Brinker, Founder of the World's Largest (March 27, 2007) |publisher=Jerusalem.usconsulate.gov |date=March 27, 2007 |access-date=May 23, 2010 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090817145240/http://jerusalem.usconsulate.gov/pr-03272007b.html |archive-date=August 17, 2009}}</ref>

In addition to its large number of businesses, Dallas has more shopping centers per capita than any other city in the United States and is also home to the second shopping center ever built in the United States, [[Highland Park Village]], which opened in 1931.<ref name="VisitDallas_Shopping">{{cite web |url=https://www.visitdallas.com/things-to-do/shopping/index.html|title=Shopping |access-date=June 27, 2021 |url-status=live |website=VisitDallas |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160404181001/http://www.visitdallas.com:80/things-to-do/shopping/index.html |archive-date=April 4, 2016 }}</ref> Dallas is home of the two other major malls in North Texas, the [[Dallas Galleria]] and [[NorthPark Center]], which is the second largest mall in Texas. Both malls feature high-end stores and are major tourist draws for the region.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.northparkcenter.com/pages/northpark-history|title=NorthPark Center History – Luxury Shopping in Dallas|website=Northparkcenter.com|access-date=August 27, 2017}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.galleriadallas.com/shopping/|title=Shopping|website=Galleriadallas.com|access-date=August 27, 2017|archive-date=November 22, 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161122072055/http://www.galleriadallas.com/shopping/|url-status=dead}}</ref>

=== Travel ===
Dallas is the third most popular destination for business travel in the United States, and the [[Kay Bailey Hutchison Convention Center]] is one of the largest and busiest convention centers in the country, at over {{convert|1000000|sqft|m2}}, and the world's single-largest column-free exhibit hall.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.dallascvb.com/meetings/why_dallas/ |title=Meeting Professionals – Why Dallas? |publisher=Dallascvb.com |access-date=August 14, 2010 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080413060744/http://www.dallascvb.com/meetings/why_dallas/ |archive-date=April 13, 2008 }}</ref> [[Visitdallas|VisitDallas]] is the [[501(c)(6)]] organization contracted to promote tourism and attract conventions but an audit released in January 2019 cast doubts on its effectiveness in achieving those goals.<ref>{{cite magazine |last1=Rogers |first1=Tim |title=VisitDallas Audit Reveals a Well-Run Trough for Piggish Top Executives |url=https://www.dmagazine.com/frontburner/2019/01/visitdallas-audit-reveals-a-well-run-trough-for-piggish-top-executives/ |access-date=January 8, 2019 |magazine=D Magazine}}</ref>

Tourism is an important sector of Dallas's economy and is its tenth largest employer, providing 56,000 jobs.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Dallas Travel and Tourism Industry Grows to New Heights |url=https://www.visitdallas.com/about/press/press-releases/dallas-travel-and-tourism-industry-grows-to-new-heights/ |access-date=2025-02-09 |website=Visit Dallas |language=en-US}}</ref> Dallas receives on average 25 million visitors annually.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Dallas Tourism Statistics - How Many Tourists Visit? (2023) |url=https://roadgenius.com/statistics/tourism/usa/texas/dallas/ |access-date=2025-02-09 |website=Road Genius |language=en-US}}</ref>